一(yi)、WBTQSB-10KVA/100KV高壓成套試驗變壓器概述
YDQ系列高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)是(shi)根據(ju)《試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)》標準，在油(you)(you)浸式(shi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)基礎上(shang)而設(she)計生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)。SF6氣(qi)體具有良好的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)絕緣性能及(ji)優異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)滅弧性能，其耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強度(du)(du)為同一(yi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力下氮氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)2.5倍，擊(ji)穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)2.5倍。在0.25MPa下與(yu)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)擊(ji)穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)相等(deng)，在0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力下是(shi)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)擊(ji)穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)2倍，是(shi)一(yi)種優于油(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)新一(yi)代超高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)絕緣介質(zhi)材(cai)料(liao)。該(gai)產(chan)品技術要求完(wan)全符合《ZBK-41006-89》標準，它是(shi)油(you)(you)浸式(shi)輕型試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)換代產(chan)品。該(gai)產(chan)品具有體積(ji)小、重量輕、不受氣(qi)候變(bian)(bian)化(hua)影響、電(dian)(dian)暈小、現場搬運無需靜(jing)止可使用，使用壽命長、免維修等(deng)特點。適(shi)用于電(dian)(dian)力系統、工礦(kuang)企業、科研(yan)部門等(deng)對(dui)各種高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備、電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)元(yuan)件、絕緣材(cai)料(liao)進行(xing)工頻或(huo)直(zhi)流高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下的(de)(de)(de)絕緣強度(du)(du)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)。
二、WBTQSB-10KVA/100KV高壓成套試驗變壓器產品結構
YDQ系(xi)列高壓試驗變壓器(qi)采用單(dan)框芯(xin)式鐵(tie)芯(xin)結構，初級繞(rao)組繞(rao)在鐵(tie)芯(xin)上，高壓繞(rao)組在外(wai)(wai)，這種同軸布置減少了漏磁通，因而增(zeng)大了繞(rao)組間的耦合。產品(pin)的外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)為圓柱灌式容器(qi)結構，能耐受0.8MPa以上壓力(li)。其結構見圖1：
三、WBTQSB-10KVA/100KV高壓成套試驗變壓器工作原理
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)器為單相變(bian)壓(ya)器，聯(lian)結組標號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用(yong)工頻220V(10kVA以上(shang)為380V)電(dian)(dian)源接(jie)入(ru) (為本公司生產的(de)試(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)器配套專用(yong)設(she)備(bei)，詳細資料請(qing)見其具體使用(yong)說明書)系列操(cao)作箱(xiang)(xiang)(臺)，經(jing)操(cao)作箱(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)自偶(ou)調(diao)壓(ya)器(50kVA以上(shang)調(diao)壓(ya)器外(wai)附(fu))調(diao)節至0～200V(或0～400V)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)輸出至YDQ試(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)初級繞組，根據電(dian)(dian)磁感(gan)應原理(li)，在試(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)器高壓(ya)繞組可獲得(de)試(shi)驗所(suo)需(xu)的(de)高電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。
單臺YDQ系列高壓試驗變壓器的工作原理圖見(jian)圖2。
單臺(tai)YDQ系列交直流高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器的工作原理圖(tu)見(jian)圖(tu)3，圖(tu)中(zhong)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)套(tao)管中(zhong)裝(zhuang)有高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅堆，串接(jie)(jie)在高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)回路中(zhong)作半波整流，以(yi)獲得直流高(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)。當用一短路桿將(jiang)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅堆短接(jie)(jie)時，可(ke)獲得工頻(pin)高(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)，作為交流輸(shu)(shu)出狀(zhuang)態(tai)；取消短路桿時，作為直流輸(shu)(shu)出狀(zhuang)態(tai)。
試驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器高壓(ya)(ya)套管中的高壓(ya)(ya)硅堆(dui)未畫出，其原理與上圖相(xiang)同。
三臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)獲(huo)得更高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)接線原理(li)見圖4。串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有很大的(de)(de)優越(yue)性，因為整個試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)由幾臺(tai)(tai)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)成，單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容(rong)量小、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)、重(zhong)量輕(qing)，便(bian)于運輸(shu)和(he)安裝(zhuang)。它(ta)既然可串(chuan)接成高出幾倍的(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)(zu)合使(shi)用(yong)，又可分開成幾套(tao)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)獨使(shi)用(yong)。整套(tao)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)投資小，經濟實惠。圖5中(zhong)，在(zai)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)每個單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)都有一個勵磁(ci)繞組(zu)(zu)A1、C1和(he)A2、C2。在(zai)三臺(tai)(tai)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基本原理(li)中(zhong)，低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源加在(zai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)a1x1上(shang)，單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是(shi)V。勵磁(ci)繞組(zu)(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)勵磁(ci)繞組(zu)(zu)A2、C2給第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)箱(xiang)(xiang)體(ti)(ti)分別處(chu)在(zai)對(dui)地為1V和(he)2V的(de)(de)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位上(shang)，所(suo)以箱(xiang)(xiang)體(ti)(ti)對(dui)地是(shi)絕(jue)緣的(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)箱(xiang)(xiang)體(ti)(ti)是(shi)接地的(de)(de)。這(zhe)樣(yang)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)地的(de)(de)額定輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分別為1V、2V、3V；其額定容(rong)量分別為3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高壓試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓器(qi)做被(bei)試(shi)品的工頻耐壓試(shi)驗(yan)使用接線原理圖見圖5。
圖中：R1—限(xian)流電阻 FRC—阻容分(fen)壓器 RF—球間隙保護電阻 G—球間隙 CX—被試品
注(zhu)：高壓(ya)尾必須(xu)可靠(kao)接地
工頻耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)中限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)R1應(ying)根(gen)據試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器的額定容量來選擇(ze)。如高壓(ya)側額定輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)在(zai)100～300mA時(shi)，可取(qu)0.5～1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya))；高壓(ya)側額定輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為1A以(yi)上時(shi)，可取(qu)1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya))。常用水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)作為限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)，管子(zi)長度可按150kV/m考慮，管子(zi)粗(cu)細應(ying)具有足夠的熱容量(水(shui)(shui)阻(zu)(zu)液配(pei)制方法：用蒸餾水(shui)(shui)加入適量硫酸銅配(pei)制成各(ge)種(zhong)不(bu)同的阻(zu)(zu)值)。
球間(jian)隙及保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)：當電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓超(chao)過球間(jian)隙整(zheng)定值時(一般(ban)取試驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的110%~120%)，球間(jian)隙放電(dian)(dian)(dian)，對被試品起到保護作用。球間(jian)隙保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)可按1Ω/V(試驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓)選取。
在(zai)工頻(pin)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)中(zhong)，低電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)量電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不是非常準確(que)的(de)(de)(de)，其原因(yin)是由于試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)存(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)抗(kang)(kang)，在(zai)這個漏(lou)(lou)(lou)抗(kang)(kang)上(shang)必然存(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降或(huo)(huo)容升(sheng)(sheng)，使試(shi)(shi)品上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低于或(huo)(huo)高(gao)于低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)量電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表上(shang)反映出(chu)來的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工頻(pin)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時(shi)，被試(shi)(shi)品上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)于試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也(ye)就是所謂容升(sheng)(sheng)現象(xiang)。感(gan)應(ying)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時(shi)，試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)抗(kang)(kang)必然存(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為了準確(que)測(ce)量被試(shi)(shi)品上(shang)所施加的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因(yin)此(ci)常在(zai)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側接入FRC阻容分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)來測(ce)量電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖5)。
工(gong)頻耐壓試驗操作(zuo)注(zhu)意事項
1）試驗(yan)人(ren)員應做(zuo)好分工，明確相互間聯系(xi)方法(fa)。并(bing)有(you)專(zhuan)門人(ren)監(jian)護現場**及觀察試品(pin)狀態。
2）被(bei)試(shi)品應先(xian)清掃干(gan)凈，并**干(gan)燥(zao)，以(yi)免損壞被(bei)試(shi)品和試(shi)驗帶來的誤(wu)差。
3）對于(yu)大型試(shi)驗(yan)，一(yi)般都應先進行空(kong)升(sheng)試(shi)驗(yan)。即不接試(shi)品時升(sheng)壓至(zhi)試(shi)驗(yan)電壓，校對各(ge)種表計，調整球間隙。
4）升壓(ya)速度不(bu)能(neng)太快，并必(bi)須防止突然(ran)加壓(ya)。例如調壓(ya)器不(bu)在零位時突然(ran)合閘。也不(bu)能(neng)突然(ran)切斷電源，一般(ban)應在調壓(ya)器降(jiang)至零位時拉閘。
5）當(dang)電壓(ya)(ya)升至試驗電壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)，開(kai)始計時(shi)，到1min后，迅速降壓(ya)(ya)到1/3試驗電壓(ya)(ya)以下時(shi)，才能拉開(kai)電源。
6）在升壓(ya)或(huo)耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗過(guo)程中，如發(fa)現(xian)(xian)下(xia)列不正常情(qing)況時，應立即降壓(ya)，切(qie)斷電(dian)源(yuan)。停止(zhi)試(shi)驗并查明原(yuan)因：①電(dian)壓(ya)表指針擺動很(hen)大；②發(fa)現(xian)(xian)絕緣燒焦或(huo)冒煙；③被試(shi)品內有不正常的聲音。
7）耐壓試驗前后(hou)應測量絕(jue)緣電阻，檢查絕(jue)緣情況。
試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器在做被試(shi)品的(de)直(zhi)流(liu)耐壓(ya)或泄露試(shi)驗(yan)時接(jie)線(xian)原理圖如圖6。
注：此(ci)試驗應先(xian)抽出短路(lu)桿“D”，圖6中(zhong)所示(shi)。
圖中：VD—高(gao)(gao)壓硅堆 R1—限流電阻(zu) C1—高(gao)(gao)壓濾波電容(rong) FRC—阻(zu)容(rong)分壓器 CX—被試品 μA—帶保護微安表(biao)
泄(xie)露(lu)試(shi)驗中(zhong)(zhong)限流(liu)(liu)電阻(zu)R1選擇在(zai)額定輸出電壓時，輸出端短路電流(liu)(liu)不超過(guo)高(gao)壓硅堆的(de)*大整流(liu)(liu)。如電壓硅堆的(de)*大整流(liu)(liu)電流(liu)(liu)為(wei)100mA時用于(yu)60kV的(de)試(shi)驗裝置中(zhong)(zhong)，限流(liu)(liu)電阻(zu)按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇。限流(liu)(liu)電阻(zu)還(huan)應具有足夠的(de)容量和沿面(mian)放電距離。
高壓(ya)濾波電容C1一般選(xuan)擇在(zai)0.01~0.1μF，當被試品的電容量(liang)很(hen)大時，C1可省略不用(yong)。
泄露(lu)試驗的操(cao)作及注意事(shi)項
1）試驗前應先(xian)檢查被試品是(shi)否停(ting)電(dian)，接地放電(dian)，一切對外連線是(shi)否擦(ca)干凈。要嚴防將試驗電(dian)壓加到(dao)有人工(gong)作(zuo)的部位上去。
2）接好試驗裝置的接線后(hou)(hou)，應復查無誤后(hou)(hou)才(cai)可加壓(ya)(ya)。應特別注意檢查高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)設備及(ji)引(yin)線與地、與操作人員的**距離，被試品的外殼是(shi)否(fou)可靠接地，要按**規程中所規定的內容進(jin)行試驗。
3）對于大電(dian)容量(liang)設備應(ying)緩(huan)慢升壓(ya)，防止被試品的(de)充電(dian)電(dian)流燒(shao)壞(huai)微安表。必要時應(ying)分(fen)級加壓(ya)，分(fen)別讀(du)取各級電(dian)壓(ya)下微安表的(de)穩(wen)定讀(du)數(shu)。
4）試(shi)驗過(guo)程中，應密切監視被試(shi)品、試(shi)驗裝置(zhi)、微安表，一旦發生(sheng)擊穿、閃爍(shuo)等異(yi)常現象應立即降(jiang)壓，切斷電源，并查(cha)明原因，詳細記錄(lu)。
5）試驗(yan)完畢，降壓(ya)，切斷(duan)電源后(hou)應將被試品及試驗(yan)裝置本身充分放(fang)電。
四、WBTQSB-10KVA/100KV高壓成套試驗變壓器注意事項
1、按照您(nin)所進行的(de)試(shi)(shi)驗接好工作(zuo)線路。試(shi)(shi)驗變壓器的(de)外殼以(yi)及操作(zuo)系統(tong)的(de)外殼必須可(ke)靠(kao)接地(di)。試(shi)(shi)驗變壓器高壓繞組(zu)的(de)X端(高壓尾(wei))以(yi)及測量繞組(zu)的(de)F端必須可(ke)靠(kao)接地(di)。
2、做串級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)時，**級(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)低壓(ya)繞組的(de)(de)X端(duan)，測(ce)量繞組的(de)(de)F端(duan)以及高壓(ya)繞組的(de)(de)X端(duan)(高壓(ya)尾)均接本級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)外殼。**級(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)外殼必(bi)須通過絕緣支架(jia)接地。
3、接(jie)通電(dian)源前(qian)，操作系統(tong)的調壓(ya)(ya)器必須調到零位后方可接(jie)通電(dian)源，合閘，開始升壓(ya)(ya)。
4、從(cong)零(ling)開始均(jun)勻旋(xuan)轉調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器手輪升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方法(fa)(fa)有(you)：快速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)，即(ji)20s逐級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)；慢速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)，即(ji)60s逐級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)；極慢速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)供(gong)選用。電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)從(cong)零(ling)開始按一(yi)定的(de)(de)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方式和速(su)度(du)上升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您(nin)所(suo)需(xu)的(de)(de)額(e)定試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)75%后，在(zai)以每秒2%額(e)定試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)速(su)度(du)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您(nin)所(suo)需(xu)的(de)(de)額(e)定電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，并(bing)密切注(zhu)意測量儀表的(de)(de)指示(shi)(shi)以及被試(shi)品(pin)的(de)(de)情況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過程中(zhong)或試(shi)驗(yan)過程中(zhong)如發(fa)現測量儀表的(de)(de)指示(shi)(shi)及被試(shi)品(pin)情況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)異常，應立即(ji)降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，切斷(duan)電(dian)源，查(cha)明(ming)情況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)。
5、試驗完畢(bi)后(hou)，應在(zai)數秒內勻速的將調壓器返回至零位，然(ran)后(hou)切斷電源(yuan)。
6、本產品不(bu)得超過額定(ding)參數使用(yong)。除試驗必須外，決不(bu)允許全(quan)電(dian)壓通電(dian)或斷(duan)電(dian)。
7、再升壓或耐壓試(shi)(shi)驗過(guo)程中，如(ru)發(fa)現以下不正常(chang)情況時，應立(li)即降(jiang)壓，切(qie)斷電(dian)源，停止試(shi)(shi)驗并查明原因。
⑴電(dian)壓表指針擺動(dong)(或數字跳(tiao)動(dong))很大
⑵電(dian)流表直線(xian)上升
被(bei)試品內(nei)有不(bu)正(zheng)常的聲音
8、圖1中(zhong)第9項系壓力(li)閥及壓力(li)表，為長期(qi)關閉狀態。每6個月(yue)開閥一次，以檢查(cha)SF6壓力(li)，應不小于0.2MPa(檢查(cha)壓力(li)后立即關閉閥門)，低于0.2MPa時應加SF6氣(qi)體，以增加氣(qi)絕(jue)緣。
9、耐壓(ya)實驗前后應測量被試設備的絕(jue)緣電阻，檢查絕(jue)緣情況。
10、當試驗(yan)變壓器長期不(bu)使用時(shi)，應放置于通風(feng)、干燥、無(wu)陽光(guang)直(zhi)射的地方(fang)。
11、該(gai)產(chan)品不(bu)允(yun)許在高于45℃的溫度下長期(qi)存放、使用、放氣。
12、運輸搬運途中不得重力沖擊。
13、產品緊固件(jian)及壓(ya)力閥、壓(ya)力表(biao)不得擅自松動。
14、使用本產(chan)品做高(gao)壓試驗時，出熟悉本說明書外，還必(bi)須嚴(yan)格(ge)執行國(guo)家有關標(biao)準和操作規程(cheng)。可參照(zhao)GB311-83《高(gao)壓輸變(bian)設備的絕(jue)緣(yuan)配合，高(gao)壓試驗技術》；《電(dian)氣設備預(yu)防性試驗規程(cheng)》等。
五、WBTQSB-10KVA/100KV高壓成套試驗變壓器容量選擇
標稱試驗(yan)變(bian)壓器容量Pn的確定公式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中：
Pn——標稱試驗變壓器容量(kVA)
Vn——試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)的額定(ding)輸出高壓(ya)的有效(xiao)值(kV)
k ——**系數。k≥1，標稱電壓(ya)Vn≥1MV時(shi)(shi)，k=2；標稱電壓(ya)較低時(shi)(shi)，k值可(ke)取高(gao)一(yi)些。
Ct——被(bei)試品的電容量(pF)
ω——角頻率，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源的(de)頻率
被(bei)試設備的電容量Ct可由交(jiao)流(liu)電橋測出。Ct的變化很大(da)，
可由設備的類(lei)型而定。
典型數據如下(xia)：
簡單的(de)棒式或懸式絕(jue)緣子 幾十(shi)微(wei)法
簡單的分(fen)級套管 100～1000pF
電(dian)壓互感器 200 ～ 500pF
電力變(bian)壓(ya)器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)和油浸紙絕緣 250～300pF/m
氣(qi)體絕緣 ～60pF/m
封閉變電站，SF6氣(qi)體(ti)絕緣 ; 100～10000Pf;
對于(yu)不同(tong)的(de)(de)試驗電(dian)壓Vn，選擇(ze)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(適(shi)當的(de)(de))**系數k。
以下列出不同的(de)Vn所選用的(de)k值(zhi)供參考。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2