一、WBTQSB-5KVA/50KV交直流試驗變壓器概述(shu)
YDQ系(xi)列(lie)高(gao)壓試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)是(shi)根據《試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)》標準(zhun)，在油(you)(you)浸(jin)式(shi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)基礎上而設計生產(chan)的(de)。SF6氣(qi)體具(ju)有良好(hao)的(de)電(dian)氣(qi)絕(jue)緣性能及優(you)異(yi)的(de)滅(mie)弧性能，其耐壓強度(du)為同一(yi)壓力下(xia)(xia)氮氣(qi)的(de)2.5倍，擊(ji)穿(chuan)電(dian)壓的(de)空氣(qi)的(de)2.5倍。在0.25MPa下(xia)(xia)與油(you)(you)的(de)擊(ji)穿(chuan)電(dian)壓相等，在0.45MPa壓力下(xia)(xia)是(shi)油(you)(you)的(de)擊(ji)穿(chuan)電(dian)壓的(de)2倍，是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)優(you)于(yu)油(you)(you)的(de)新一(yi)代超高(gao)壓絕(jue)緣介質材(cai)料。該產(chan)品(pin)技術(shu)要求完全符合(he)《ZBK-41006-89》標準(zhun)，它是(shi)油(you)(you)浸(jin)式(shi)輕型(xing)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)換代產(chan)品(pin)。該產(chan)品(pin)具(ju)有體積(ji)小、重量輕、不受(shou)氣(qi)候變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)影響、電(dian)暈小、現場搬運(yun)無需靜止可(ke)使(shi)用，使(shi)用壽命長、免(mian)維修等特點。適用于(yu)電(dian)力系(xi)統、工礦企業、科研(yan)部(bu)門(men)等對各種(zhong)高(gao)壓電(dian)氣(qi)設備、電(dian)氣(qi)元件、絕(jue)緣材(cai)料進行(xing)工頻或直(zhi)流高(gao)壓下(xia)(xia)的(de)絕(jue)緣強度(du)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)。
二、WBTQSB-5KVA/50KV交直流試驗變壓器產品結構
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試驗變壓(ya)器采用(yong)單框芯式(shi)鐵芯結構(gou)，初級繞(rao)組繞(rao)在(zai)鐵芯上(shang)，高壓(ya)繞(rao)組在(zai)外，這種同軸布置減少了漏磁通(tong)，因而增大(da)了繞(rao)組間(jian)的耦合。產品(pin)的外殼為圓柱灌(guan)式(shi)容器結構(gou)，能(neng)耐受0.8MPa以(yi)上(shang)壓(ya)力。其結構(gou)見(jian)圖1：
三、WBTQSB-5KVA/50KV交直流試驗變壓器工作原理
YDQ系列(lie)高壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)為單相(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)，聯(lian)結組標(biao)號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用工頻220V(10kVA以上為380V)電(dian)源接入 (為本公司生產的(de)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)配套專用設備，詳(xiang)細(xi)資料請(qing)見其(qi)具體使用說明書)系列(lie)操作箱(xiang)(臺(tai))，經操作箱(xiang)內自偶調壓(ya)器(qi)(50kVA以上調壓(ya)器(qi)外附)調節至(zhi)0～200V(或0～400V)電(dian)壓(ya)輸出至(zhi)YDQ試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)初級繞組，根據(ju)電(dian)磁感應原理(li)，在試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)高壓(ya)繞組可獲得試(shi)驗(yan)所需(xu)的(de)高電(dian)壓(ya)。
單(dan)臺YDQ系列高壓(ya)試(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)工作原理圖見圖2。
單臺YDQ系列交直流高壓(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器的工作(zuo)原(yuan)理圖見圖3，圖中高壓(ya)(ya)套(tao)管中裝有高壓(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆(dui)(dui)，串(chuan)接(jie)在高壓(ya)(ya)回路(lu)中作(zuo)半波整(zheng)流，以獲(huo)得(de)(de)直流高電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。當用一短路(lu)桿將高壓(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆(dui)(dui)短接(jie)時，可獲(huo)得(de)(de)工頻高電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，作(zuo)為交流輸出狀(zhuang)態；取(qu)消(xiao)短路(lu)桿時，作(zuo)為直流輸出狀(zhuang)態。
試驗變壓(ya)(ya)器高壓(ya)(ya)套管中的高壓(ya)(ya)硅堆未畫出(chu)，其原理與(yu)上圖相同。
三(san)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)串級(ji)獲得更高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)線原理見圖(tu)4。串級(ji)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優越性，因為(wei)整個(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)置由幾臺(tai)(tai)(tai)單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)容(rong)量(liang)小、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量(liang)輕，便于運輸和安(an)裝(zhuang)。它既然可串接(jie)成(cheng)(cheng)高出幾倍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)(zu)合使用，又可分(fen)(fen)開(kai)成(cheng)(cheng)幾套(tao)單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)單獨使用。整套(tao)裝(zhuang)置投資(zi)小，經濟實惠。圖(tu)5中，在(zai)(zai)(zai)**級(ji)和**級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每個(ge)(ge)單元試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中都有(you)(you)一個(ge)(ge)勵磁(ci)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)A1、C1和A2、C2。在(zai)(zai)(zai)三(san)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)串級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)基本原理中，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源加在(zai)(zai)(zai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)a1x1上，單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是V。勵磁(ci)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勵磁(ci)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)A2、C2給第(di)三(san)級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和第(di)三(san)級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)箱體分(fen)(fen)別(bie)處在(zai)(zai)(zai)對(dui)(dui)地為(wei)1V和2V的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)上，所以(yi)箱體對(dui)(dui)地是絕緣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)箱體是接(jie)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。這(zhe)樣**級(ji)、**級(ji)、第(di)三(san)級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)(dui)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)為(wei)1V、2V、3V；其額定(ding)容(rong)量(liang)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)為(wei)3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高(gao)壓(ya)試驗變壓(ya)器(qi)做被試品的工頻耐壓(ya)試驗使(shi)用(yong)接線原理(li)圖見圖5。
圖中：R1—限流(liu)電阻 FRC—阻容分(fen)壓器(qi) RF—球(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)保護電阻 G—球(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi) CX—被試品
注：高壓尾必須可靠接地
工頻耐(nai)壓試驗中限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻R1應根據試驗變壓器的(de)額(e)定(ding)容量(liang)來選擇。如高(gao)壓側(ce)額(e)定(ding)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)在100～300mA時，可取(qu)0.5～1Ω/V(試驗電(dian)(dian)壓)；高(gao)壓側(ce)額(e)定(ding)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)1A以上時，可取(qu)1Ω/V(試驗電(dian)(dian)壓)。常用(yong)水電(dian)(dian)阻作為(wei)限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻，管子長度可按150kV/m考慮，管子粗細應具有足夠的(de)熱容量(liang)(水阻液配制(zhi)方法：用(yong)蒸餾水加(jia)入適量(liang)硫酸銅配制(zhi)成各(ge)種不同的(de)阻值)。
球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)及保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻：當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓超過球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)整定值時(一般取試驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的110%~120%)，球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)，對(dui)被試品(pin)起到保(bao)護作(zuo)用。球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻可按1Ω/V(試驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓)選(xuan)取。
在(zai)工頻耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)中，低電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表(biao)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不(bu)是(shi)(shi)非常準(zhun)確的(de)，其原因(yin)是(shi)(shi)由于試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)存(cun)在(zai)著漏(lou)(lou)抗(kang)(kang)，在(zai)這個(ge)漏(lou)(lou)抗(kang)(kang)上必然存(cun)在(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)(jiang)或(huo)容升(sheng)，使試(shi)品上的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低于或(huo)高于低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表(biao)上反映出(chu)來的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工頻耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，被(bei)試(shi)品上的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高于試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就是(shi)(shi)所(suo)謂容升(sheng)現象(xiang)。感應耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)漏(lou)(lou)抗(kang)(kang)必然存(cun)在(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)(jiang)。為了準(zhun)確測(ce)量(liang)被(bei)試(shi)品上所(suo)施加的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因(yin)此常在(zai)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)接(jie)入FRC阻容分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)來測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖(tu)5)。
工頻(pin)耐壓試(shi)驗操作注意事(shi)項
1）試驗人員應做好分工，明確相(xiang)互間(jian)聯系方法(fa)。并有專門(men)人監護現場(chang)**及觀察(cha)試品(pin)狀態。
2）被試(shi)品應先清掃干凈，并(bing)**干燥，以免損壞被試(shi)品和試(shi)驗帶來的誤差。
3）對于大型(xing)試(shi)驗，一般都應(ying)先(xian)進(jin)行(xing)空升(sheng)試(shi)驗。即不接(jie)試(shi)品時升(sheng)壓至試(shi)驗電壓，校對各(ge)種表計，調(diao)整球間(jian)隙(xi)。
4）升(sheng)壓速度不能(neng)太快，并必須防止突然加壓。例如調壓器不在(zai)零位時(shi)突然合閘(zha)。也不能(neng)突然切斷電源，一般(ban)應在(zai)調壓器降(jiang)至零位時(shi)拉閘(zha)。
5）當電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)升至試驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時，開(kai)始計時，到1min后，迅(xun)速降壓(ya)到1/3試驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)以(yi)下時，才能拉開(kai)電(dian)(dian)源。
6）在升(sheng)壓或耐(nai)壓試驗過(guo)程中，如發現(xian)下(xia)列不正常情況時(shi)，應(ying)立即降(jiang)壓，切斷電源(yuan)。停止試驗并查明(ming)原因：①電壓表指(zhi)針(zhen)擺動很大(da)；②發現(xian)絕緣燒焦(jiao)或冒(mao)煙；③被試品內有不正常的聲音。
7）耐(nai)壓試(shi)驗(yan)前后應測量絕(jue)緣電阻，檢查絕(jue)緣情況(kuang)。
試驗變壓器在做被(bei)試品的(de)直流耐壓或泄露試驗時接線原(yuan)理圖(tu)如(ru)圖(tu)6。
注：此試驗應(ying)先抽出(chu)短路桿“D”，圖6中所示。
圖中：VD—高壓(ya)硅堆 R1—限流電(dian)阻 C1—高壓(ya)濾波電(dian)容(rong) FRC—阻容(rong)分壓(ya)器 CX—被試品 μA—帶保(bao)護(hu)微安表
泄露(lu)試驗(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)限流(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻R1選擇(ze)在額定輸出(chu)電(dian)壓時(shi)，輸出(chu)端短路(lu)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)不超過高壓硅堆的*大(da)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)。如(ru)電(dian)壓硅堆的*大(da)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)為(wei)100mA時(shi)用于60kV的試驗(yan)裝置中(zhong)(zhong)，限流(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻按(an)R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇(ze)。限流(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻還應具有足夠的容量和(he)沿(yan)面放電(dian)距離。
高壓(ya)濾波(bo)電容C1一(yi)般選擇在(zai)0.01~0.1μF，當被試品的電容量很大時，C1可省略不(bu)用。
泄露試驗的操(cao)作及注意事項
1）試驗前應先檢查被(bei)試品是否(fou)(fou)停電(dian)，接地放電(dian)，一(yi)切對外(wai)連線是否(fou)(fou)擦干凈。要嚴(yan)防將(jiang)試驗電(dian)壓加到有人工作的部位上去。
2）接(jie)(jie)好試驗裝置的(de)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)后，應復查(cha)(cha)無誤后才可加壓(ya)。應特(te)別注意檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)高壓(ya)設備(bei)及引線(xian)與地(di)、與操作(zuo)人員的(de)**距離，被(bei)試品的(de)外殼是否可靠接(jie)(jie)地(di)，要按(an)**規(gui)程中所規(gui)定的(de)內(nei)容進(jin)行試驗。
3）對于大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)量設備應緩慢升壓，防止(zhi)被試品(pin)的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流燒(shao)壞(huai)微安表。必要時應分級加壓，分別讀取(qu)各級電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓下微安表的(de)穩定(ding)讀數。
4）試(shi)(shi)驗過程中，應密切監視(shi)被試(shi)(shi)品、試(shi)(shi)驗裝(zhuang)置、微(wei)安表(biao)，一旦發生(sheng)擊穿、閃爍等異常現象應立即降壓，切斷電(dian)源，并查明(ming)原因，詳細記(ji)錄。
5）試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)完畢，降壓，切斷電源(yuan)后應(ying)將被試(shi)品及試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)裝置本身充分放電。
四、WBTQSB-5KVA/50KV交直流試驗變壓器注意事項
1、按照您所進行的(de)試(shi)驗接(jie)好工作線路。試(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)外殼以及操作系統的(de)外殼必須(xu)可靠接(jie)地。試(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)繞(rao)組的(de)X端(duan)(高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)尾)以及測(ce)量繞(rao)組的(de)F端(duan)必須(xu)可靠接(jie)地。
2、做串級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，**級(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)繞組(zu)的X端，測量繞組(zu)的F端以及高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)繞組(zu)的X端(高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)尾)均接本(ben)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的外殼。**級(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的外殼必須通過(guo)絕緣支架接地。
3、接(jie)通電源前，操作(zuo)系(xi)統的調壓(ya)器必須調到零(ling)位后方可(ke)接(jie)通電源，合閘，開(kai)始升壓(ya)。
4、從零(ling)開(kai)始(shi)均勻旋轉調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器手輪升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方法(fa)(fa)有：快(kuai)速升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)，即(ji)20s逐級(ji)(ji)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)；慢速升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)，即(ji)60s逐級(ji)(ji)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)；極(ji)慢速升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)供選用。電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)從零(ling)開(kai)始(shi)按一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方式(shi)和速度(du)上升(sheng)到您(nin)所需的(de)(de)額(e)定(ding)(ding)試驗電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)75%后(hou)，在以(yi)每秒2%額(e)定(ding)(ding)試驗電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)速度(du)升(sheng)到您(nin)所需的(de)(de)額(e)定(ding)(ding)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，并(bing)密切(qie)注(zhu)意測量儀表的(de)(de)指(zhi)示以(yi)及被(bei)試品的(de)(de)情況(kuang)。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過程中(zhong)或試驗過程中(zhong)如(ru)發現測量儀表的(de)(de)指(zhi)示及被(bei)試品情況(kuang)異常，應立(li)即(ji)降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，切(qie)斷電源，查明情況(kuang)。
5、試驗(yan)完畢(bi)后，應在數秒內勻速(su)的將調壓(ya)器返回(hui)至零位，然(ran)后切斷(duan)電源。
6、本產品(pin)不得超過額定參數使用(yong)。除(chu)試驗必須(xu)外，決(jue)不允(yun)許全(quan)電壓(ya)通(tong)電或斷電。
7、再(zai)升壓或耐壓試驗(yan)過程中，如發現以下不正常情況(kuang)時，應立(li)即(ji)降壓，切斷電(dian)源，停止試驗(yan)并(bing)查明原因。
⑴電壓(ya)表指針擺(bai)動(或數字跳動)很(hen)大
⑵電流表直線上升
被試品內有不(bu)正常的聲(sheng)音
8、圖1中第9項系壓(ya)力(li)閥及壓(ya)力(li)表，為長期關閉(bi)狀態(tai)。每6個月(yue)開閥一次，以檢查(cha)SF6壓(ya)力(li)，應不小于(yu)0.2MPa(檢查(cha)壓(ya)力(li)后立即關閉(bi)閥門)，低于(yu)0.2MPa時應加SF6氣體，以增加氣絕緣。
9、耐壓實(shi)驗前(qian)后應(ying)測量被試設備的絕緣電(dian)阻，檢查(cha)絕緣情況。
10、當試驗變(bian)壓器長期不使用(yong)時，應放置于通風、干燥、無陽光(guang)直射的地方。
11、該產品不允(yun)許在高(gao)于(yu)45℃的溫度下(xia)長期存放、使(shi)用、放氣。
12、運輸(shu)搬運途中(zhong)不得(de)重力沖擊(ji)。
13、產(chan)品(pin)緊(jin)固件及壓(ya)(ya)力閥、壓(ya)(ya)力表不(bu)得擅自松動。
14、使用本(ben)產品做高壓試驗(yan)時，出熟悉本(ben)說明書外，還必(bi)須嚴格(ge)執行國(guo)家有(you)關標準和(he)操作規程(cheng)。可參(can)照GB311-83《高壓輸變設備的絕(jue)緣(yuan)配合，高壓試驗(yan)技術》；《電氣設備預防性試驗(yan)規程(cheng)》等。
五、WBTQSB-5KVA/50KV交直流試驗變壓器容量選擇
標稱試(shi)驗(yan)變壓器(qi)容量Pn的確定公式(shi)：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式(shi)中：
Pn——標稱試驗變(bian)壓器容量(kVA)
Vn——試驗變(bian)壓器(qi)的額定輸出高壓的有效值(kV)
k ——**系數。k≥1，標稱電(dian)(dian)壓Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標稱電(dian)(dian)壓較低時，k值可取高一些(xie)。
Ct——被試品的(de)電容量(pF)
ω——角頻率，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源的頻率
被試(shi)設備的電容量(liang)Ct可由交流電橋測出。Ct的變化(hua)很大，
可(ke)由設備的類型而(er)定。
典型數(shu)據如下(xia)：
簡單的(de)棒式或懸式絕緣子 幾十微法
簡單的(de)分級套管(guan) 100～1000pF
電壓互感器 200 ～ 500pF
電力(li)變壓器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓電力電纜和油浸(jin)紙(zhi)絕緣(yuan) 250～300pF/m
氣(qi)體(ti)絕緣(yuan) ～60pF/m
封閉變電站，SF6氣體絕緣 100～10000Pf;
對(dui)于不(bu)同的(de)(de)試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓Vn，選擇不(bu)同的(de)(de)(適當的(de)(de))**系數k。
以下列出不同的(de)(de)Vn所選用的(de)(de)k值供參(can)考。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2