一、WBTQSB-100KVA/100KV高壓耐壓成套裝置概述(shu)
YDQ系列高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)根據《試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)》標準，在(zai)油(you)浸式試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)基礎上而設計(ji)生產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)。SF6氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)具有良好(hao)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)性能及(ji)優(you)異的(de)(de)滅弧(hu)性能，其耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)度為同一(yi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)下氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)，擊(ji)穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)。在(zai)0.25MPa下與油(you)的(de)(de)擊(ji)穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)相等，在(zai)0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)下是(shi)油(you)的(de)(de)擊(ji)穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)2倍(bei)，是(shi)一(yi)種優(you)于(yu)油(you)的(de)(de)新一(yi)代超高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)介(jie)質材料。該(gai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)技(ji)術要求完全符合《ZBK-41006-89》標準，它是(shi)油(you)浸式輕(qing)型試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)換(huan)代產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。該(gai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)具有體(ti)積小(xiao)、重量輕(qing)、不受(shou)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候變(bian)化影響、電(dian)(dian)暈小(xiao)、現場搬運無需靜止可使用(yong)，使用(yong)壽命長、免維修(xiu)等特點。適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統、工(gong)礦企業(ye)、科(ke)研部門等對各種高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)設備、電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)元件(jian)、絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)材料進行工(gong)頻(pin)或直流高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)下的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)強(qiang)度試(shi)驗(yan)。
二、WBTQSB-100KVA/100KV高壓耐壓成套裝置產品結構
YDQ系列(lie)高壓試驗變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)采用(yong)單框(kuang)芯式(shi)鐵(tie)芯結構(gou)，初級繞組繞在(zai)鐵(tie)芯上，高壓繞組在(zai)外，這種同軸布置減少(shao)了漏(lou)磁(ci)通，因(yin)而增大了繞組間的(de)耦合。產品的(de)外殼為圓柱灌式(shi)容器(qi)(qi)結構(gou)，能耐(nai)受(shou)0.8MPa以上壓力。其結構(gou)見圖1：
三、WBTQSB-100KVA/100KV高壓耐壓成套裝置工作原理
YDQ系(xi)列高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)為單(dan)相變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)，聯結組(zu)標號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用工(gong)頻(pin)220V(10kVA以上為380V)電源接入(ru) (為本公司生(sheng)產的試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)配套專用設備，詳細(xi)資料請見其具體使用說明書)系(xi)列操作箱(xiang)(臺)，經操作箱(xiang)內(nei)自偶調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(50kVA以上調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)外附)調節(jie)至0～200V(或0～400V)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輸(shu)出至YDQ試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的初(chu)級繞(rao)組(zu)，根據電磁感應原理，在(zai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)可(ke)獲(huo)得試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)所(suo)需(xu)的高(gao)(gao)(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。
單(dan)臺(tai)YDQ系列高壓試驗變壓器(qi)的工作原理(li)圖見圖2。
單臺(tai)YDQ系列交直流高壓(ya)(ya)試驗變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的工作原理圖(tu)見圖(tu)3，圖(tu)中高壓(ya)(ya)套管(guan)中裝有(you)高壓(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆，串接(jie)在(zai)高壓(ya)(ya)回路中作半(ban)波整(zheng)流，以獲得直流高電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。當用一短(duan)路桿將高壓(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆短(duan)接(jie)時，可獲得工頻(pin)高電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，作為(wei)(wei)交流輸出(chu)狀態(tai)；取(qu)消短(duan)路桿時，作為(wei)(wei)直流輸出(chu)狀態(tai)。
試驗變壓(ya)器高壓(ya)套管中的(de)高壓(ya)硅(gui)堆未畫出，其原理與(yu)上圖相同。
三臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)獲得(de)更高電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的接(jie)線(xian)原理見圖(tu)4。串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有很大的優越性，因為整個(ge)(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝置由幾臺(tai)(tai)單臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)成，單臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量小、電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)(di)、重量輕，便于運輸和安裝。它既然可(ke)串(chuan)接(jie)成高出(chu)幾倍的單臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)合使(shi)用(yong)，又可(ke)分開成幾套(tao)單臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單獨使(shi)用(yong)。整套(tao)裝置投資小，經(jing)濟實惠。圖(tu)5中(zhong)，在**級(ji)(ji)(ji)和**級(ji)(ji)(ji)的每個(ge)(ge)(ge)單元(yuan)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)都(dou)有一個(ge)(ge)(ge)勵磁繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)A1、C1和A2、C2。在三臺(tai)(tai)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基(ji)本原理中(zhong)，低(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)源加在試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的初級(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)a1x1上，單臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)都(dou)是V。勵磁繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)A1、C1給(gei)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的初級(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)供電(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的勵磁繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)A2、C2給(gei)第(di)(di)三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的初級(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)供電(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和第(di)(di)三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的箱(xiang)體(ti)(ti)分別處在對(dui)地(di)(di)為1V和2V的高電(dian)(dian)位上，所以箱(xiang)體(ti)(ti)對(dui)地(di)(di)是絕緣的，試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的箱(xiang)體(ti)(ti)是接(jie)地(di)(di)的。這樣**級(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)、第(di)(di)三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)地(di)(di)的額定輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)分別為1V、2V、3V；其額定容量分別為3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器做被試品的工頻耐壓(ya)試驗(yan)使(shi)用接(jie)線原理(li)圖(tu)見(jian)圖(tu)5。
圖中：R1—限流(liu)電阻 FRC—阻容分(fen)壓(ya)器(qi) RF—球(qiu)(qiu)間隙保護(hu)電阻 G—球(qiu)(qiu)間隙 CX—被(bei)試(shi)品
注：高(gao)壓尾必(bi)須可靠接地(di)
工頻耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)中限流電(dian)阻R1應根據試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)額定容(rong)(rong)量來選擇。如高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側額定輸出電(dian)流在(zai)100～300mA時，可(ke)(ke)取(qu)0.5～1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))；高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側額定輸出電(dian)流為1A以上時，可(ke)(ke)取(qu)1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))。常用(yong)水電(dian)阻作(zuo)為限流電(dian)阻，管子長度可(ke)(ke)按150kV/m考慮，管子粗細(xi)應具有(you)足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)熱容(rong)(rong)量(水阻液(ye)配制方法：用(yong)蒸餾水加入(ru)適量硫酸銅配制成(cheng)各(ge)種不(bu)同的(de)阻值)。
球間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)及(ji)保護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)阻：當電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)超過球間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)整定值時(一(yi)般取試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的110%~120%)，球間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)放電(dian)(dian)，對被試(shi)品起到保護(hu)(hu)作(zuo)用。球間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)保護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)阻可按1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya))選(xuan)取。
在工(gong)頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗中(zhong)，低(di)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不是(shi)非常準確的(de)，其原因是(shi)由于試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)存(cun)在著漏(lou)抗，在這個漏(lou)抗上(shang)必(bi)然存(cun)在著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降或容升(sheng)，使試(shi)(shi)品(pin)上(shang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)于或高(gao)于低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表上(shang)反(fan)映出來的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工(gong)頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗時，被(bei)試(shi)(shi)品(pin)上(shang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)于試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就是(shi)所謂容升(sheng)現(xian)象(xiang)。感應(ying)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗時，試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)漏(lou)抗必(bi)然存(cun)在著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為(wei)了準確測(ce)量(liang)被(bei)試(shi)(shi)品(pin)上(shang)所施(shi)加的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因此常在高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側接入FRC阻(zu)容分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)來測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖5)。
工頻耐壓試驗操作注意事項
1）試驗人員應做好分工(gong)，明確相互間聯系(xi)方法。并(bing)有專門人監護現(xian)場**及觀察試品狀態。
2）被試(shi)品應先清掃干(gan)(gan)凈，并**干(gan)(gan)燥，以免(mian)損壞被試(shi)品和(he)試(shi)驗帶來的(de)誤差。
3）對于大型試驗(yan)，一般都應先進行空升(sheng)試驗(yan)。即不接試品時(shi)升(sheng)壓至試驗(yan)電壓，校對各(ge)種表計，調(diao)整(zheng)球間隙(xi)。
4）升壓速度(du)不能(neng)太快，并必須防止突(tu)然加壓。例如調(diao)壓器(qi)不在(zai)零位時突(tu)然合(he)閘(zha)。也不能(neng)突(tu)然切(qie)斷電源，一般(ban)應在(zai)調(diao)壓器(qi)降至零位時拉閘(zha)。
5）當電壓(ya)升至試(shi)驗電壓(ya)時，開始計時，到1min后(hou)，迅速降壓(ya)到1/3試(shi)驗電壓(ya)以下時，才能拉開電源。
6）在(zai)升壓(ya)(ya)或耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗過程中(zhong)，如發(fa)(fa)現(xian)下(xia)列不(bu)正(zheng)(zheng)常情況時，應立即降壓(ya)(ya)，切(qie)斷電源。停止試(shi)(shi)驗并查明原因：①電壓(ya)(ya)表指針擺動很(hen)大(da)；②發(fa)(fa)現(xian)絕(jue)緣燒焦或冒(mao)煙；③被(bei)試(shi)(shi)品內有不(bu)正(zheng)(zheng)常的(de)聲音。
7）耐(nai)壓試驗前后應測量(liang)絕緣(yuan)電阻(zu)，檢查(cha)絕緣(yuan)情(qing)況。
試驗(yan)變壓器在做(zuo)被(bei)試品(pin)的直流耐壓或泄露試驗(yan)時(shi)接線(xian)原理(li)圖(tu)如圖(tu)6。
注：此試驗應先(xian)抽出短(duan)路桿“D”，圖(tu)6中所示。
圖中(zhong)：VD—高壓硅堆 R1—限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)阻(zu) C1—高壓濾(lv)波電(dian)容(rong) FRC—阻(zu)容(rong)分(fen)壓器 CX—被試品 μA—帶(dai)保(bao)護(hu)微安表
泄(xie)露試驗中限流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻R1選(xuan)擇在額定輸出電(dian)壓時(shi)(shi)，輸出端(duan)短路電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)不超過高壓硅堆的(de)*大(da)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)。如電(dian)壓硅堆的(de)*大(da)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)為100mA時(shi)(shi)用于60kV的(de)試驗裝置中，限流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選(xuan)擇。限流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻還應具有足夠的(de)容量(liang)和沿面放電(dian)距離。
高壓(ya)濾波電容C1一般選擇在0.01~0.1μF，當被試品(pin)的電容量很大時，C1可省略不(bu)用。
泄露試(shi)驗的操(cao)作及注(zhu)意事項
1）試(shi)驗(yan)前(qian)應先檢查被試(shi)品是(shi)否(fou)停電，接地放電，一(yi)切對外連線是(shi)否(fou)擦干凈。要嚴防將試(shi)驗(yan)電壓(ya)加到有人工作的部位上去。
2）接(jie)好試驗裝置的(de)(de)接(jie)線后，應(ying)復查無誤(wu)后才可加(jia)壓。應(ying)特別(bie)注意檢查高壓設(she)備及引線與地、與操作人(ren)員的(de)(de)**距離，被試品的(de)(de)外殼是否可靠接(jie)地，要按**規程(cheng)中(zhong)所規定的(de)(de)內容進行試驗。
3）對于大電(dian)容量設備應緩(huan)慢升壓(ya)(ya)，防止被試品的充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)燒壞微(wei)安(an)表(biao)。必要(yao)時應分級(ji)加壓(ya)(ya)，分別讀取各級(ji)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)下微(wei)安(an)表(biao)的穩定讀數。
4）試(shi)驗過程中，應(ying)密切監視被試(shi)品(pin)、試(shi)驗裝置、微安表(biao)，一旦發生擊穿、閃爍等異(yi)常現象應(ying)立即降壓(ya)，切斷電源，并(bing)查明(ming)原因，詳細(xi)記(ji)錄。
5）試驗完畢(bi)，降壓，切斷電源(yuan)后應將被試品及(ji)試驗裝置本身充分放電。
四、WBTQSB-100KVA/100KV高壓耐壓成套裝置注意事項
1、按照您所進行的(de)試驗接(jie)(jie)好工作線路。試驗變壓器(qi)的(de)外殼(ke)以及(ji)操作系(xi)統的(de)外殼(ke)必(bi)須可靠接(jie)(jie)地。試驗變壓器(qi)高壓繞(rao)組的(de)X端(高壓尾)以及(ji)測(ce)量繞(rao)組的(de)F端必(bi)須可靠接(jie)(jie)地。
2、做串(chuan)級試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，**級、第(di)三(san)級試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)低壓(ya)繞組(zu)的(de)X端，測量繞組(zu)的(de)F端以及高壓(ya)繞組(zu)的(de)X端(高壓(ya)尾(wei))均接(jie)(jie)本(ben)級試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)外(wai)殼。**級、第(di)三(san)級試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)外(wai)殼必須通過絕緣支架接(jie)(jie)地。
3、接通(tong)電源(yuan)前，操(cao)作系(xi)統的(de)調(diao)壓(ya)器必須調(diao)到零位后方可接通(tong)電源(yuan)，合(he)閘，開(kai)始升壓(ya)。
4、從零開始均勻旋轉調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器手輪升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)有(you)：快速(su)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，即(ji)20s逐(zhu)級升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)；慢速(su)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，即(ji)60s逐(zhu)級升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)；極慢速(su)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)供選用(yong)。電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)從零開始按一定(ding)的(de)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)方式和速(su)度(du)上(shang)升(sheng)到(dao)您(nin)所(suo)需的(de)額定(ding)試驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)75%后(hou)，在(zai)以每秒2%額定(ding)試驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)速(su)度(du)升(sheng)到(dao)您(nin)所(suo)需的(de)額定(ding)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，并密切注意(yi)測量(liang)儀(yi)表的(de)指(zhi)示(shi)以及(ji)被(bei)試品(pin)的(de)情況(kuang)。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)過程中或試驗(yan)過程中如發現(xian)測量(liang)儀(yi)表的(de)指(zhi)示(shi)及(ji)被(bei)試品(pin)情況(kuang)異(yi)常(chang)，應立即(ji)降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，切斷電(dian)源，查明(ming)情況(kuang)。
5、試(shi)驗完(wan)畢(bi)后，應(ying)在(zai)數秒內勻速的(de)將調壓器返回至(zhi)零位，然后切(qie)斷電源(yuan)。
6、本產品不得超過額定參數使(shi)用。除試(shi)驗(yan)必須外，決不允(yun)許全(quan)電壓通(tong)電或斷電。
7、再(zai)升(sheng)壓(ya)或耐壓(ya)試驗過程中，如發現以下不正常情況時，應立即降壓(ya)，切斷(duan)電源，停止試驗并查明原因(yin)。
⑴電壓表(biao)指(zhi)針擺動(或數(shu)字(zi)跳動)很大(da)
⑵電流表直線上升
被試(shi)品內(nei)有不(bu)正(zheng)常的聲音
8、圖1中第(di)9項系壓力閥及壓力表，為長期關(guan)(guan)閉狀態。每(mei)6個月開閥一次(ci)，以(yi)檢查(cha)SF6壓力，應不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)0.2MPa(檢查(cha)壓力后立即關(guan)(guan)閉閥門)，低(di)于(yu)0.2MPa時(shi)應加SF6氣體，以(yi)增加氣絕(jue)緣。
9、耐(nai)壓實驗前后應測量被試(shi)設備的(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)電阻，檢(jian)查絕(jue)緣(yuan)情(qing)況(kuang)。
10、當試驗變壓器(qi)長期不使用時，應放置于通(tong)風、干燥(zao)、無陽(yang)光直射的地(di)方。
11、該(gai)產品不允許(xu)在高于45℃的溫度下長期存放、使用、放氣。
12、運輸(shu)搬運途中不得重力沖(chong)擊。
13、產品緊(jin)固件(jian)及(ji)壓(ya)力閥、壓(ya)力表不得擅自松動。
14、使(shi)用本產品(pin)做高壓試驗(yan)時，出熟悉本說明書外(wai)，還必須嚴(yan)格執行國家有關標準和操作(zuo)規程(cheng)(cheng)。可參照GB311-83《高壓輸變設備的(de)絕緣配(pei)合(he)，高壓試驗(yan)技術》；《電氣設備預防(fang)性試驗(yan)規程(cheng)(cheng)》等(deng)。
五、WBTQSB-100KVA/100KV高壓耐壓成套裝置容量選擇
標稱(cheng)試(shi)驗變壓器容量Pn的確定(ding)公式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中：
Pn——標稱試驗變壓器容量(kVA)
Vn——試驗變壓器的額定輸出高(gao)壓的有效值(kV)
k ——**系數。k≥1，標稱電(dian)壓(ya)Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標稱電(dian)壓(ya)較(jiao)低時，k值可取(qu)高(gao)一些。
Ct——被試(shi)品的電容量(pF)
ω——角頻率，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源(yuan)的頻率
被試設(she)備的電容量Ct可由交流(liu)電橋測出(chu)。Ct的變化很大(da)，
可由設備的類型而(er)定。
典(dian)型數據如下：
簡單的棒(bang)式(shi)或懸(xuan)式(shi)絕緣子 幾十微(wei)法
簡(jian)單的分級(ji)套管 100～1000pF
電壓互感器 ; 200 ～ 500pF
電力變壓器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高(gao)壓電力(li)電纜和油浸紙絕緣(yuan) 250～300pF/m
氣體絕緣 ～60pF/m
封閉變電(dian)站，SF6氣體絕緣 100～10000Pf;
對于不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)試驗電壓Vn，選擇(ze)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(適(shi)當的(de))**系數k。
以下列出(chu)不同的(de)Vn所選(xuan)用的(de)k值供參(can)考。
Vn =50~100kV ; k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2