一、WBTQSB-75KVA/100KV交流耐壓機概(gai)述
YDQ系列高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)是根據《試(shi)驗變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)》標準(zhun)，在油浸式試(shi)驗變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的基(ji)礎上而設計(ji)生產的。SF6氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)具有良好的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)絕緣(yuan)性能及優(you)(you)異的滅弧性能，其(qi)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強度為同一壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力下(xia)氮氣(qi)(qi)的2.5倍，擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的空氣(qi)(qi)的2.5倍。在0.25MPa下(xia)與油的擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)相等(deng)(deng)(deng)，在0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力下(xia)是油的擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的2倍，是一種優(you)(you)于(yu)油的新一代超高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)絕緣(yuan)介質材料。該產品(pin)技術要(yao)求完全符(fu)合《ZBK-41006-89》標準(zhun)，它是油浸式輕型(xing)試(shi)驗變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的換代產品(pin)。該產品(pin)具有體(ti)積小、重量輕、不受氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)影響、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈小、現場搬運無需(xu)靜止可使(shi)用，使(shi)用壽(shou)命長、免維(wei)修等(deng)(deng)(deng)特(te)點。適用于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統、工礦企業、科研部門等(deng)(deng)(deng)對各(ge)種高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設備、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)元(yuan)件、絕緣(yuan)材料進行工頻或直(zhi)流高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下(xia)的絕緣(yuan)強度試(shi)驗。
二、WBTQSB-75KVA/100KV交流耐壓機產品結構
YDQ系(xi)列高(gao)壓(ya)試驗變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)采用單框芯式鐵芯結(jie)構，初級(ji)繞組繞在(zai)鐵芯上，高(gao)壓(ya)繞組在(zai)外，這種同軸布(bu)置減少了漏磁通，因而增大了繞組間的耦合(he)。產品的外殼(ke)為圓柱灌(guan)式容器(qi)結(jie)構，能耐(nai)受(shou)0.8MPa以上壓(ya)力(li)。其(qi)結(jie)構見圖1：
三、WBTQSB-75KVA/100KV交流耐壓機工作原理
YDQ系列高壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)為(wei)單(dan)相(xiang)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)，聯結(jie)組標號(hao)Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用工頻220V(10kVA以上為(wei)380V)電源接入 (為(wei)本公司生產的試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)配套專用設備，詳細資料請(qing)見(jian)其具體使用說明書)系列操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)箱(xiang)(臺)，經(jing)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)箱(xiang)內(nei)自(zi)偶調壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(50kVA以上調壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)外附(fu))調節至0～200V(或0～400V)電壓(ya)(ya)輸出至YDQ試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的初(chu)級繞組，根據電磁感應原理，在試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)高壓(ya)(ya)繞組可獲得試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)所需的高電壓(ya)(ya)。
單臺YDQ系列高壓試(shi)驗變壓器(qi)的工作(zuo)原理圖(tu)見圖(tu)2。
單臺YDQ系(xi)列交(jiao)直(zhi)流高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的工(gong)作(zuo)原理圖(tu)見圖(tu)3，圖(tu)中高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)套管中裝有(you)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)硅堆，串(chuan)接在高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)回路(lu)中作(zuo)半波整流，以獲得(de)直(zhi)流高(gao)(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。當(dang)用一(yi)短路(lu)桿將高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)硅堆短接時，可獲得(de)工(gong)頻高(gao)(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，作(zuo)為交(jiao)流輸出狀(zhuang)態(tai)；取消短路(lu)桿時，作(zuo)為直(zhi)流輸出狀(zhuang)態(tai)。
試驗變壓(ya)器高(gao)壓(ya)套管(guan)中的高(gao)壓(ya)硅堆未畫出，其(qi)原理與上圖(tu)相同。
三臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串級(ji)(ji)獲得更高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)接線原理見(jian)圖4。串級(ji)(ji)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有很大的(de)(de)優(you)越性(xing)，因為整個(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)裝置由(you)幾(ji)臺(tai)單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成，單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量小、電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量輕(qing)，便于運輸(shu)和(he)安裝。它既然可(ke)串接成高(gao)出(chu)幾(ji)倍的(de)(de)單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)(zu)(zu)合使用(yong)，又可(ke)分(fen)開成幾(ji)套單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單(dan)獨使用(yong)。整套裝置投(tou)資小，經(jing)濟實(shi)惠。圖5中(zhong)(zhong)，在**級(ji)(ji)和(he)**級(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)每個(ge)單(dan)元試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)都有一個(ge)勵磁(ci)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)A1、C1和(he)A2、C2。在三臺(tai)串級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基本原理中(zhong)(zhong)，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)加在試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)a1x1上(shang)，單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是(shi)(shi)V。勵磁(ci)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)勵磁(ci)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)A2、C2給第(di)三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)第(di)三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)箱(xiang)體分(fen)別處在對(dui)(dui)地(di)(di)為1V和(he)2V的(de)(de)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)上(shang)，所(suo)以箱(xiang)體對(dui)(dui)地(di)(di)是(shi)(shi)絕緣的(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)箱(xiang)體是(shi)(shi)接地(di)(di)的(de)(de)。這樣**級(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)、第(di)三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)(dui)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)額(e)定輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分(fen)別為1V、2V、3V；其額(e)定容量分(fen)別為3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器做被試品的工頻耐壓(ya)試驗(yan)使用(yong)接(jie)線原理圖(tu)見圖(tu)5。
圖中：R1—限流電(dian)阻 FRC—阻容分壓器 RF—球間隙保護電(dian)阻 G—球間隙 CX—被試(shi)品
注(zhu)：高(gao)壓(ya)尾(wei)必須可(ke)靠接地(di)
工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗中(zhong)限(xian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻R1應(ying)根據試驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的額(e)定容量來選擇。如高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)額(e)定輸(shu)出電(dian)流(liu)(liu)在100～300mA時(shi)，可取0.5～1Ω/V(試驗電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))；高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)額(e)定輸(shu)出電(dian)流(liu)(liu)為(wei)1A以(yi)上時(shi)，可取1Ω/V(試驗電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))。常用水電(dian)阻作為(wei)限(xian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻，管子長度可按150kV/m考慮，管子粗(cu)細應(ying)具有足夠的熱容量(水阻液配(pei)制(zhi)方法：用蒸餾水加入適量硫酸銅(tong)配(pei)制(zhi)成各種不同的阻值(zhi))。
球間(jian)隙及保(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)阻：當電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)超過球間(jian)隙整定值時(一般取(qu)試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的110%~120%)，球間(jian)隙放電(dian)(dian)，對被試(shi)品起到保(bao)護(hu)(hu)作用。球間(jian)隙保(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)阻可按1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya))選取(qu)。
在工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗中，低(di)(di)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表(biao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不是(shi)非常準確的(de)，其原因(yin)是(shi)由于試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)存在著漏抗(kang)，在這(zhe)個漏抗(kang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)必然存在著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降或容升(sheng)(sheng)，使試(shi)品上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)(di)于或高于低(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表(biao)上(shang)(shang)(shang)反映出來(lai)的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗時，被(bei)試(shi)品上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高于試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)輸出電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就是(shi)所(suo)(suo)謂容升(sheng)(sheng)現象。感應耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗時，試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)漏抗(kang)必然存在著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為了準確測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)被(bei)試(shi)品上(shang)(shang)(shang)所(suo)(suo)施加的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因(yin)此常在高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側接(jie)入FRC阻容分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)來(lai)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見(jian)圖(tu)5)。
工(gong)頻耐壓試驗操作注意事項(xiang)
1）試(shi)驗人(ren)員應做(zuo)好分工，明確相互間聯系方法(fa)。并有專門人(ren)監(jian)護現(xian)場**及觀察(cha)試(shi)品狀態。
2）被(bei)試(shi)品應(ying)先清掃干(gan)(gan)凈，并**干(gan)(gan)燥，以免損壞被(bei)試(shi)品和試(shi)驗帶來的(de)誤差。
3）對于(yu)大型試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)，一(yi)般都應先進行空升試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)。即不接試(shi)(shi)品(pin)時(shi)升壓至試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)電壓，校(xiao)對各(ge)種表計，調(diao)整(zheng)球間(jian)隙。
4）升壓速度不(bu)能(neng)太快，并必須防止突然(ran)加壓。例如調(diao)壓器(qi)不(bu)在(zai)零位(wei)時突然(ran)合閘。也不(bu)能(neng)突然(ran)切斷(duan)電(dian)源，一(yi)般應在(zai)調(diao)壓器(qi)降至零位(wei)時拉閘。
5）當電壓(ya)升至試驗(yan)電壓(ya)時(shi)，開(kai)始(shi)計時(shi)，到1min后，迅(xun)速降壓(ya)到1/3試驗(yan)電壓(ya)以下時(shi)，才能拉開(kai)電源。
6）在升壓或(huo)耐壓試(shi)驗過程中，如發(fa)現(xian)(xian)下列(lie)不正常(chang)情(qing)況時，應立(li)即(ji)降壓，切斷(duan)電(dian)源。停止試(shi)驗并查明原因(yin)：①電(dian)壓表指針擺動(dong)很大；②發(fa)現(xian)(xian)絕(jue)緣燒焦或(huo)冒煙；③被試(shi)品內有(you)不正常(chang)的聲音。
7）耐(nai)壓試驗前后(hou)應(ying)測量絕緣電阻，檢(jian)查絕緣情況。
試(shi)驗變壓(ya)器在做(zuo)被試(shi)品的直流(liu)耐壓(ya)或泄露試(shi)驗時接線原理(li)圖如圖6。
注：此試驗應先抽出短路(lu)桿“D”，圖6中(zhong)所示。
圖中：VD—高(gao)壓(ya)硅堆(dui) R1—限(xian)流電阻 C1—高(gao)壓(ya)濾(lv)波電容 FRC—阻容分(fen)壓(ya)器 CX—被試品(pin) μA—帶(dai)保(bao)護(hu)微(wei)安表
泄(xie)露(lu)試驗中(zhong)限(xian)流(liu)電阻R1選擇在額定(ding)輸出(chu)電壓(ya)時，輸出(chu)端短路電流(liu)不超(chao)過(guo)高壓(ya)硅堆(dui)的*大整流(liu)。如電壓(ya)硅堆(dui)的*大整流(liu)電流(liu)為100mA時用于60kV的試驗裝置中(zhong)，限(xian)流(liu)電阻按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇。限(xian)流(liu)電阻還應具有足夠的容量(liang)和沿面放電距(ju)離。
高壓濾(lv)波電容(rong)C1一(yi)般選擇在(zai)0.01~0.1μF，當被試品的(de)電容(rong)量(liang)很大(da)時，C1可省略不用。
泄露試驗的(de)操作及注意事(shi)項(xiang)
1）試驗(yan)前應先(xian)檢(jian)查(cha)被試品是否停電(dian)，接地放電(dian)，一切(qie)對外連線(xian)是否擦(ca)干凈(jing)。要(yao)嚴防(fang)將(jiang)試驗(yan)電(dian)壓加到有人工作的部位上去。
2）接好試(shi)驗裝置的接線后，應(ying)復查無誤后才可(ke)加壓。應(ying)特別注(zhu)意(yi)檢查高壓設備及引線與(yu)地(di)、與(yu)操作人員(yuan)的**距離，被(bei)試(shi)品的外殼(ke)是否(fou)可(ke)靠接地(di)，要按(an)**規程中(zhong)所規定的內容進行試(shi)驗。
3）對于大電(dian)容量設(she)備應緩(huan)慢(man)升(sheng)壓(ya)，防止被試(shi)品的充電(dian)電(dian)流燒壞微安(an)表。必要(yao)時應分(fen)級(ji)加壓(ya)，分(fen)別讀(du)取各級(ji)電(dian)壓(ya)下微安(an)表的穩(wen)定讀(du)數。
4）試驗(yan)過(guo)程中，應密切監(jian)視被(bei)試品、試驗(yan)裝(zhuang)置、微安表，一旦發生(sheng)擊(ji)穿、閃爍等(deng)異常現象應立(li)即降壓(ya)，切斷電源，并查明原(yuan)因，詳細記錄。
5）試(shi)驗(yan)完畢，降壓，切(qie)斷電源(yuan)后應將被試(shi)品及試(shi)驗(yan)裝(zhuang)置本身(shen)充分放(fang)電。
四、WBTQSB-75KVA/100KV交流耐壓機注意事項
1、按照您所進行的試驗接(jie)好工作線路(lu)。試驗變壓器(qi)的外(wai)殼以及操作系統的外(wai)殼必須(xu)可(ke)靠(kao)接(jie)地(di)。試驗變壓器(qi)高壓繞(rao)組的X端(duan)(高壓尾)以及測量繞(rao)組的F端(duan)必須(xu)可(ke)靠(kao)接(jie)地(di)。
2、做串級試(shi)驗時，**級、第三(san)(san)級試(shi)驗變壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)低壓繞組的(de)(de)X端(duan)，測量(liang)繞組的(de)(de)F端(duan)以及高(gao)壓繞組的(de)(de)X端(duan)(高(gao)壓尾)均接本級試(shi)驗變壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)外(wai)殼。**級、第三(san)(san)級試(shi)驗變壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)外(wai)殼必須通過絕緣支架接地。
3、接通電源前，操作(zuo)系統(tong)的調(diao)壓器必須調(diao)到零位后方可接通電源，合閘，開(kai)始(shi)升(sheng)壓。
4、從零(ling)開始均勻(yun)旋轉調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)手(shou)輪升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方(fang)法(fa)有(you)：快速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即(ji)20s逐級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)；慢(man)速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即(ji)60s逐級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)；極慢(man)速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)供選用。電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)從零(ling)開始按一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方(fang)式和速(su)度(du)上(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您所需的(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)(ding)試(shi)(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)75%后(hou)，在以每秒2%額定(ding)(ding)試(shi)(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)速(su)度(du)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您所需的(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，并密(mi)切(qie)注意測量(liang)儀表的(de)(de)(de)指示以及被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過程(cheng)中或試(shi)(shi)驗過程(cheng)中如發現(xian)測量(liang)儀表的(de)(de)(de)指示及被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)情(qing)況異(yi)常，應(ying)立(li)即(ji)降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，切(qie)斷電(dian)(dian)源，查明情(qing)況。
5、試(shi)驗完畢后，應在數秒內勻速的將調(diao)壓器返回(hui)至零位，然后切(qie)斷電(dian)源。
6、本(ben)產品不得超(chao)過額定參數使(shi)用。除(chu)試驗必(bi)須外，決不允許全電(dian)壓通(tong)電(dian)或(huo)斷電(dian)。
7、再升壓(ya)或耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)過程中，如發現以下不正常情況(kuang)時，應立即降(jiang)壓(ya)，切斷電源，停(ting)止試(shi)驗(yan)并查(cha)明原因。
⑴電壓表(biao)指針擺(bai)動(或(huo)數字跳動)很大
⑵電(dian)流表直(zhi)線上(shang)升(sheng)
被試品(pin)內有不正常的聲(sheng)音(yin)
8、圖1中(zhong)第(di)9項(xiang)系壓力閥(fa)及壓力表，為長期關閉狀(zhuang)態。每6個月(yue)開閥(fa)一次，以(yi)檢(jian)查SF6壓力，應不小于0.2MPa(檢(jian)查壓力后立即(ji)關閉閥(fa)門)，低(di)于0.2MPa時應加(jia)SF6氣(qi)體，以(yi)增加(jia)氣(qi)絕(jue)緣。
9、耐壓實驗前后應測(ce)量被試設備的絕緣電阻，檢查絕緣情況。
10、當(dang)試驗變壓器長期不(bu)使用時，應放置于通風、干燥、無(wu)陽光直射的地(di)方。
11、該產品不允(yun)許在(zai)高(gao)于45℃的(de)溫(wen)度下長期存放、使用、放氣。
12、運(yun)輸搬運(yun)途中(zhong)不得重(zhong)力(li)沖擊。
13、產品(pin)緊固件(jian)及壓(ya)力(li)閥、壓(ya)力(li)表不(bu)得擅自松動。
14、使用本產(chan)品做(zuo)高壓試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，出熟(shu)悉本說明書外(wai)，還必須嚴格執行國家有關標(biao)準和(he)操作規(gui)程。可參照GB311-83《高壓輸變(bian)設備的絕緣配合，高壓試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)技(ji)術》；《電(dian)氣設備預防性試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)規(gui)程》等。
五、WBTQSB-75KVA/100KV交流耐壓機容量選擇
標稱試驗(yan)變(bian)壓器容量Pn的確(que)定公(gong)式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中：
Pn——標稱(cheng)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)器容量(kVA)
Vn——試驗變壓(ya)器(qi)的額定輸出高壓(ya)的有效值(kV)
k ——**系(xi)數。k≥1，標稱電壓(ya)Vn≥1MV時(shi)(shi)，k=2；標稱電壓(ya)較低時(shi)(shi)，k值可取高(gao)一(yi)些。
Ct——被試品的電容量(pF)
ω——角頻(pin)率，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源(yuan)的頻(pin)率
被試設備(bei)的電容量Ct可(ke)由交(jiao)流電橋測出。Ct的變化很大，
可由設(she)備的類型而定。
典型數(shu)據(ju)如(ru)下：
簡單的棒式(shi)或(huo)懸式(shi)絕緣子(zi) 幾十(shi)微法
簡單的分級套管 100～1000pF
電(dian)壓互感器 200 ～ 500pF
電力變壓(ya)器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高(gao)壓電(dian)力電(dian)纜和油浸紙絕(jue)緣 250～300pF/m
氣體絕(jue)緣 ～60pF/m
封閉變電站，SF6氣體絕緣 100～10000Pf;
對于不同的(de)(de)試驗電壓Vn，選擇不同的(de)(de)(適(shi)當(dang)的(de)(de))**系數k。
以下列出不同的Vn所選用的k值供(gong)參(can)考。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2