一、WBTQSB-30KVA/100KV交流耐壓發生器概(gai)述
YDQ系列高壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)是根據《試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)》標準，在(zai)油(you)浸(jin)(jin)式試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上而設計生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。SF6氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)具(ju)有良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電氣(qi)(qi)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)性能及優異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滅弧性能，其耐壓(ya)(ya)強度(du)為同一壓(ya)(ya)力下(xia)氮氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)(bei)，擊穿電壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)(bei)。在(zai)0.25MPa下(xia)與油(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擊穿電壓(ya)(ya)相等，在(zai)0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)力下(xia)是油(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擊穿電壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2倍(bei)(bei)，是一種優于油(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新一代超高壓(ya)(ya)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)介(jie)質材(cai)料(liao)(liao)。該產(chan)品技術要求完全符合《ZBK-41006-89》標準，它是油(you)浸(jin)(jin)式輕型試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)換代產(chan)品。該產(chan)品具(ju)有體(ti)積小、重量輕、不受(shou)氣(qi)(qi)候變化影響、電暈小、現場(chang)搬運無(wu)需靜止可使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)長(chang)、免(mian)維(wei)修等特點。適用(yong)(yong)于電力系統、工礦企業、科研部門等對各種高壓(ya)(ya)電氣(qi)(qi)設備、電氣(qi)(qi)元件(jian)、絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)進(jin)行工頻或直流高壓(ya)(ya)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)強度(du)試(shi)(shi)驗。
二、WBTQSB-30KVA/100KV交流耐壓發生器產品結構
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試驗變壓(ya)器采(cai)用單框芯(xin)式鐵芯(xin)結(jie)構，初級繞(rao)組(zu)繞(rao)在鐵芯(xin)上，高壓(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)在外(wai)(wai)，這種(zhong)同軸(zhou)布置減少了(le)漏磁通，因(yin)而增大了(le)繞(rao)組(zu)間(jian)的耦(ou)合。產品(pin)的外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)為圓柱灌式容器結(jie)構，能(neng)耐受0.8MPa以上壓(ya)力(li)。其結(jie)構見圖1：
三、WBTQSB-30KVA/100KV交流耐壓發生器工作原理
YDQ系列(lie)(lie)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)為(wei)單相變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)，聯結組(zu)標號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用(yong)工(gong)頻220V(10kVA以上為(wei)380V)電(dian)源接入(ru) (為(wei)本公(gong)司生產的試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)配(pei)套專(zhuan)用(yong)設備(bei)，詳(xiang)細資料請見(jian)其具體使用(yong)說明(ming)書)系列(lie)(lie)操作(zuo)箱(臺)，經(jing)操作(zuo)箱內自偶調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(50kVA以上調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)外(wai)附)調節至(zhi)(zhi)0～200V(或0～400V)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)輸出至(zhi)(zhi)YDQ試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的初級繞組(zu)，根據電(dian)磁感應原理，在試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)繞組(zu)可獲得試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)所需的高電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。
單臺(tai)YDQ系列高壓試驗變(bian)壓器(qi)的工(gong)作原理圖見圖2。
單(dan)臺YDQ系列交(jiao)直流(liu)(liu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)工作(zuo)原理圖(tu)(tu)(tu)見圖(tu)(tu)(tu)3，圖(tu)(tu)(tu)中高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)套管中裝有高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅堆，串接(jie)在高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)回路中作(zuo)半波整流(liu)(liu)，以獲得直流(liu)(liu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)。當用(yong)一短(duan)路桿(gan)將高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅堆短(duan)接(jie)時，可獲得工頻高(gao)(gao)(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)，作(zuo)為交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)輸出狀(zhuang)態；取消短(duan)路桿(gan)時，作(zuo)為直流(liu)(liu)輸出狀(zhuang)態。
試驗變壓器高壓套管中的高壓硅堆(dui)未畫出，其原(yuan)理與(yu)上圖相同。
三(san)臺試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)獲得更高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)線原理(li)見圖(tu)4。串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有很大的(de)(de)優越性，因為(wei)整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝置由幾(ji)(ji)臺單臺試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)，單臺試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量小、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量輕，便(bian)于運輸(shu)(shu)和(he)(he)安裝。它既(ji)然可串接(jie)(jie)成(cheng)高(gao)出(chu)幾(ji)(ji)倍的(de)(de)單臺試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)(zu)合使用，又(you)可分開成(cheng)幾(ji)(ji)套(tao)單臺試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單獨使用。整(zheng)套(tao)裝置投資(zi)小，經濟實(shi)惠。圖(tu)5中(zhong)，在**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)每個(ge)(ge)單元試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)都(dou)有一個(ge)(ge)勵磁繞組(zu)(zu)A1、C1和(he)(he)A2、C2。在三(san)臺串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基本原理(li)中(zhong)，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源加在試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)a1x1上，單臺試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)都(dou)是(shi)V。勵磁繞組(zu)(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)勵磁繞組(zu)(zu)A2、C2給第(di)(di)三(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)(he)第(di)(di)三(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)箱體(ti)分別(bie)處在對(dui)(dui)地(di)為(wei)1V和(he)(he)2V的(de)(de)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位上，所以箱體(ti)對(dui)(dui)地(di)是(shi)絕(jue)緣的(de)(de)，試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)箱體(ti)是(shi)接(jie)(jie)地(di)的(de)(de)。這樣**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、第(di)(di)三(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)(dui)地(di)的(de)(de)額(e)定輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)分別(bie)為(wei)1V、2V、3V；其額(e)定容量分別(bie)為(wei)3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高壓試(shi)驗變(bian)壓器做(zuo)被試(shi)品的(de)工頻耐壓試(shi)驗使用接線原理圖見(jian)圖5。
圖中：R1—限(xian)流電(dian)阻 FRC—阻容(rong)分壓器 RF—球間隙(xi)保護電(dian)阻 G—球間隙(xi) CX—被試品
注(zhu)：高壓尾(wei)必(bi)須可靠接地
工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)中限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)R1應(ying)(ying)根(gen)據試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器的額定容量來(lai)選擇。如(ru)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)側(ce)額定輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)在100～300mA時，可取0.5～1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya))；高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)側(ce)額定輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)1A以(yi)上時，可取1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya))。常用(yong)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)作(zuo)為(wei)限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)，管(guan)(guan)子長(chang)度可按150kV/m考(kao)慮，管(guan)(guan)子粗細應(ying)(ying)具有足夠的熱容量(水(shui)阻(zu)(zu)液配制方法：用(yong)蒸餾(liu)水(shui)加入適(shi)量硫(liu)酸銅配制成各種不同的阻(zu)(zu)值)。
球(qiu)間(jian)(jian)隙及保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)阻：當電(dian)壓超過球(qiu)間(jian)(jian)隙整定值時(shi)(一(yi)般取試(shi)驗電(dian)壓的(de)110%~120%)，球(qiu)間(jian)(jian)隙放電(dian)，對被試(shi)品起(qi)到保(bao)護(hu)作(zuo)用。球(qiu)間(jian)(jian)隙保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)阻可按1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)壓)選取。
在(zai)工(gong)(gong)頻耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)中(zhong)，低電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表(biao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不是(shi)(shi)非(fei)常準確的(de)(de)(de)，其原因是(shi)(shi)由(you)于(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)存在(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)漏(lou)抗，在(zai)這個漏(lou)抗上(shang)(shang)必然存在(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)或容升，使試(shi)(shi)品上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低于(yu)或高(gao)于(yu)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表(biao)上(shang)(shang)反映出來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工(gong)(gong)頻耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，被試(shi)(shi)品上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)于(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就是(shi)(shi)所謂容升現象(xiang)。感應(ying)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)漏(lou)抗必然存在(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)。為(wei)了準確測(ce)量(liang)(liang)被試(shi)(shi)品上(shang)(shang)所施(shi)加的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因此常在(zai)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側接入FRC阻容分(fen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)來(lai)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖(tu)5)。
工(gong)頻耐壓試驗(yan)操(cao)作注(zhu)意事項
1）試驗人員應做(zuo)好(hao)分工(gong)，明確相互間聯(lian)系方法。并有專門人監護現(xian)場(chang)**及觀察(cha)試品狀態。
2）被試品應先清掃干凈，并**干燥(zao)，以免(mian)損(sun)壞被試品和試驗帶來(lai)的誤差。
3）對于大型試驗，一(yi)般都應先(xian)進行空(kong)升試驗。即不接試品時升壓至試驗電壓，校對各(ge)種表計(ji)，調整球間隙。
4）升壓速度(du)不能(neng)太快，并必(bi)須防止(zhi)突然加壓。例(li)如(ru)調壓器(qi)不在零(ling)位時突然合閘。也不能(neng)突然切(qie)斷電(dian)源，一(yi)般應在調壓器(qi)降至零(ling)位時拉閘。
5）當電壓(ya)升(sheng)至試驗電壓(ya)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，開(kai)始計時(shi)(shi)(shi)，到1min后，迅速降壓(ya)到1/3試驗電壓(ya)以下(xia)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，才能(neng)拉開(kai)電源(yuan)。
6）在升壓或(huo)耐壓試驗過程(cheng)中，如發(fa)現下列不正常情況時，應(ying)立即降(jiang)壓，切斷電源。停止試驗并查明原因：①電壓表指(zhi)針擺(bai)動很大；②發(fa)現絕緣燒焦或(huo)冒煙；③被試品內有(you)不正常的聲音。
7）耐壓試驗前(qian)后應(ying)測量絕緣(yuan)(yuan)電阻，檢查(cha)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)情況。
試(shi)驗變壓器在做被試(shi)品的(de)直流耐(nai)壓或泄露試(shi)驗時接線原理圖(tu)如圖(tu)6。
注：此試驗(yan)應先抽出短路桿“D”，圖(tu)6中所示。
圖中：VD—高(gao)壓(ya)硅堆 R1—限(xian)流電(dian)阻(zu) C1—高(gao)壓(ya)濾波電(dian)容(rong) FRC—阻(zu)容(rong)分壓(ya)器(qi) CX—被試(shi)品 μA—帶保護微安表(biao)
泄露試驗(yan)中限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)R1選(xuan)擇在額定輸出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時，輸出端短(duan)路電(dian)(dian)流(liu)不超過高壓(ya)硅堆(dui)的(de)*大整流(liu)。如電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)硅堆(dui)的(de)*大整流(liu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)100mA時用于60kV的(de)試驗(yan)裝置中，限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選(xuan)擇。限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)還應具有足(zu)夠的(de)容量(liang)和沿面放(fang)電(dian)(dian)距(ju)離。
高壓濾波電容(rong)C1一(yi)般選擇在0.01~0.1μF，當被試(shi)品的電容(rong)量很大時，C1可省略(lve)不用。
泄露(lu)試驗的操作及(ji)注意(yi)事(shi)項
1）試(shi)驗前應先(xian)檢查被(bei)試(shi)品是(shi)(shi)否(fou)停電，接地放(fang)電，一切對外(wai)連線是(shi)(shi)否(fou)擦干凈。要(yao)嚴防將試(shi)驗電壓(ya)加到有人工作(zuo)的部位上(shang)去。
2）接好試驗(yan)裝置的(de)接線后(hou)，應(ying)復查無誤后(hou)才可(ke)加壓(ya)。應(ying)特別注意(yi)檢查高(gao)壓(ya)設備及引線與地、與操作人員的(de)**距(ju)離，被試品的(de)外殼是否(fou)可(ke)靠(kao)接地，要按**規程中所(suo)規定的(de)內容(rong)進行試驗(yan)。
3）對于大(da)電容量設備應緩慢升壓(ya)，防止被試品的充電電流燒壞(huai)微(wei)安表(biao)。必(bi)要時應分級加(jia)壓(ya)，分別讀取各級電壓(ya)下微(wei)安表(biao)的穩定讀數。
4）試(shi)驗(yan)過程中，應(ying)(ying)密切(qie)監(jian)視被試(shi)品、試(shi)驗(yan)裝置、微(wei)安表，一旦(dan)發生(sheng)擊(ji)穿、閃爍等異常現(xian)象應(ying)(ying)立即降壓，切(qie)斷電(dian)源，并(bing)查明原因(yin)，詳細記錄。
5）試驗完畢，降壓，切斷電源后應將被試品及試驗裝(zhuang)置本身充分放(fang)電。
四、WBTQSB-30KVA/100KV交流耐壓發生器注意事項
1、按照您所(suo)進行(xing)的試(shi)驗接(jie)好工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)線路。試(shi)驗變壓器的外(wai)殼以及(ji)操作(zuo)(zuo)系統的外(wai)殼必(bi)須(xu)可靠接(jie)地(di)。試(shi)驗變壓器高(gao)壓繞組(zu)的X端(高(gao)壓尾)以及(ji)測量(liang)繞組(zu)的F端必(bi)須(xu)可靠接(jie)地(di)。
2、做串級(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)(yan)時，**級(ji)(ji)、第三(san)級(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)(yan)變壓器的(de)(de)低(di)壓繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)X端(duan)(duan)，測量繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)F端(duan)(duan)以及高壓繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)X端(duan)(duan)(高壓尾)均接(jie)本級(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)(yan)變壓器的(de)(de)外殼。**級(ji)(ji)、第三(san)級(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)(yan)變壓器的(de)(de)外殼必須通過絕(jue)緣(yuan)支架接(jie)地。
3、接(jie)通電源前，操作系統的調(diao)壓(ya)器必須調(diao)到零(ling)位后方可接(jie)通電源，合(he)閘，開始升壓(ya)。
4、從零開始均勻旋轉(zhuan)調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器手輪升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)方法有：快速(su)(su)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法，即20s逐級(ji)(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法；慢速(su)(su)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法，即60s逐級(ji)(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法；極慢速(su)(su)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法供選用。電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)從零開始按一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)方式和速(su)(su)度(du)(du)上(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)到您(nin)(nin)所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)試驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)75%后(hou)，在以(yi)每秒(miao)2%額定(ding)試驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)升(sheng)(sheng)到您(nin)(nin)所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，并(bing)密切注(zhu)意測量儀(yi)表的(de)(de)(de)指示(shi)以(yi)及被(bei)(bei)試品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)。升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)過程(cheng)中(zhong)或試驗(yan)過程(cheng)中(zhong)如發現(xian)測量儀(yi)表的(de)(de)(de)指示(shi)及被(bei)(bei)試品(pin)情(qing)況(kuang)異常(chang)，應(ying)立即降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，切斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)源，查明情(qing)況(kuang)。
5、試驗完(wan)畢后(hou)，應在數(shu)秒內勻(yun)速的將調壓(ya)器返回至零位，然后(hou)切斷電(dian)源。
6、本產(chan)品不(bu)得超過額(e)定參數使用(yong)。除(chu)試驗必須(xu)外，決不(bu)允許全電壓通電或斷電。
7、再升壓(ya)或耐壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗過程中，如發現(xian)以下(xia)不正(zheng)常情況時，應立即降壓(ya)，切斷(duan)電源(yuan)，停止試(shi)(shi)驗并查明原(yuan)因(yin)。
⑴電壓(ya)表指針擺動(或數字跳動)很大
⑵電流表直線上升
被試品內有不正常的聲(sheng)音
8、圖1中第9項系(xi)壓力(li)閥(fa)及壓力(li)表，為長期(qi)關閉狀態。每6個月開閥(fa)一次，以(yi)檢查SF6壓力(li)，應(ying)不小于0.2MPa(檢查壓力(li)后立(li)即關閉閥(fa)門(men))，低于0.2MPa時應(ying)加SF6氣體，以(yi)增(zeng)加氣絕緣。
9、耐壓(ya)實(shi)驗前后應測量(liang)被試設備的絕緣電阻，檢查絕緣情(qing)況。
10、當(dang)試驗變壓(ya)器長(chang)期不使用時，應放置于通風(feng)、干(gan)燥、無陽光直射的地(di)方。
11、該產品不允許在高于(yu)45℃的(de)溫度下長期存(cun)放、使用(yong)、放氣。
12、運輸搬(ban)運途中不得重力沖擊(ji)。
13、產品緊固件及壓力閥、壓力表不得擅自松動(dong)。
14、使用本產品(pin)做高(gao)(gao)壓試(shi)驗(yan)時，出熟悉(xi)本說明書(shu)外，還必須嚴格執行(xing)國(guo)家有(you)關(guan)標準和操作規程(cheng)。可參照GB311-83《高(gao)(gao)壓輸(shu)變(bian)設備(bei)的絕緣配合，高(gao)(gao)壓試(shi)驗(yan)技術(shu)》；《電(dian)氣設備(bei)預防性試(shi)驗(yan)規程(cheng)》等(deng)。
五、WBTQSB-30KVA/100KV交流耐壓發生器容量選擇
標稱(cheng)試驗變(bian)壓器(qi)容量Pn的確(que)定公式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式(shi)中(zhong)：
Pn——標稱試驗(yan)變(bian)壓器容量(kVA)
Vn——試驗(yan)變(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)額定輸(shu)出高壓的(de)有效值(kV)
k ——**系(xi)數。k≥1，標稱電壓Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標稱電壓較低時，k值(zhi)可取高(gao)一些(xie)。
Ct——被試(shi)品的電容量(pF)
ω——角頻(pin)率，ω=2πf， f——試(shi)驗電源的(de)頻(pin)率
被試(shi)設備的電容量(liang)Ct可由交流電橋測(ce)出。Ct的變化很大，
可由(you)設備的(de)類型而定。
典型數據如下：
簡單的(de)棒式(shi)或懸式(shi)絕緣(yuan)子 幾十微法(fa)
簡單的(de)分(fen)級套管 100～1000pF
電壓互感(gan)器 200 ～ 500pF
電力變壓(ya)器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓電力(li)電纜(lan)和油浸(jin)紙(zhi)絕緣 250～300pF/m
氣體(ti)絕緣 ～60pF/m
封閉變電(dian)站(zhan)，SF6氣體(ti)絕緣 100～10000Pf;
對于不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓Vn，選(xuan)擇不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(適當的(de)(de))**系數k。
以下列出不同的(de)Vn所(suo)選用的(de)k值供參考。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2