一、WBTQSB-25KVA/100KV交流耐壓發生器概述(shu)
YDQ系列高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)根據《試驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)》標準,在(zai)油(you)浸式試驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上而設(she)計(ji)生產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。SF6氣體(ti)具有(you)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣絕(jue)緣性能及優異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滅弧性能,其耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強度(du)為同(tong)一壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)下氮氣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)(bei),擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空氣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)(bei)。在(zai)0.25MPa下與(yu)油(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)相(xiang)等(deng),在(zai)0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)下是(shi)(shi)油(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2倍(bei)(bei),是(shi)(shi)一種優于油(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新一代(dai)(dai)超高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)絕(jue)緣介(jie)質材料(liao)。該產(chan)(chan)品(pin)技術要(yao)求完(wan)全符(fu)合《ZBK-41006-89》標準,它是(shi)(shi)油(you)浸式輕(qing)型試驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)換代(dai)(dai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。該產(chan)(chan)品(pin)具有(you)體(ti)積(ji)小、重量輕(qing)、不受氣候變化影響、電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈小、現場搬運無需靜止(zhi)可使用(yong),使用(yong)壽(shou)命長、免維修等(deng)特點。適用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統、工礦企業(ye)、科研部門等(deng)對各(ge)種高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備、電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣元件、絕(jue)緣材料(liao)進行工頻(pin)或直(zhi)流高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)緣強度(du)試驗。
二、WBTQSB-25KVA/100KV交流耐壓發生器產品結構
YDQ系列高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器采用單框(kuang)芯(xin)式鐵(tie)芯(xin)結構(gou),初級繞(rao)(rao)組繞(rao)(rao)在(zai)鐵(tie)芯(xin)上(shang),高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)繞(rao)(rao)組在(zai)外,這種同軸(zhou)布置減少了(le)漏磁(ci)通,因而(er)增大了(le)繞(rao)(rao)組間(jian)的(de)耦合。產品的(de)外殼(ke)為圓(yuan)柱灌式容(rong)器結構(gou),能耐(nai)受0.8MPa以上(shang)壓(ya)(ya)力。其結構(gou)見圖(tu)1:
三、WBTQSB-25KVA/100KV交流耐壓發生器工作原理
YDQ系(xi)列高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器為單相變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器,聯結組(zu)標號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用(yong)工頻220V(10kVA以(yi)(yi)上(shang)為380V)電(dian)(dian)源接入 (為本公(gong)司生產的(de)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器配套專用(yong)設(she)備,詳細(xi)資料(liao)請見其具體使用(yong)說明(ming)書)系(xi)列操作(zuo)箱(臺),經操作(zuo)箱內自偶調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器(50kVA以(yi)(yi)上(shang)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器外附)調(diao)(diao)節至(zhi)0~200V(或0~400V)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)輸出至(zhi)YDQ試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)初(chu)級繞(rao)組(zu),根據電(dian)(dian)磁感(gan)應原理,在(zai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)可獲得試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)所(suo)需的(de)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。
單臺YDQ系(xi)列高壓試驗(yan)變壓器的工作(zuo)原(yuan)理圖(tu)見圖(tu)2。
單臺YDQ系列交直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)高(gao)壓試(shi)驗變壓器的(de)工作(zuo)原理圖(tu)見(jian)圖(tu)3,圖(tu)中(zhong)高(gao)壓套管中(zhong)裝有高(gao)壓硅堆,串接在高(gao)壓回路中(zhong)作(zuo)半波整流(liu)(liu),以獲(huo)得直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)高(gao)電壓。當用一短路桿將高(gao)壓硅堆短接時,可(ke)獲(huo)得工頻高(gao)電壓,作(zuo)為交流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)狀態;取消短路桿時,作(zuo)為直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)狀態。
試(shi)驗(yan)變壓器高壓套(tao)管中的(de)高壓硅堆未畫出,其原理與(yu)上(shang)圖相同。
三臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串級(ji)獲得更高(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)接線(xian)原(yuan)理(li)見(jian)圖(tu)(tu)4。串級(ji)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)優越性,因為整個(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)裝置由(you)幾臺(tai)(tai)單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組成,單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量(liang)(liang)小、電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量(liang)(liang)輕,便于(yu)運輸和安裝。它既(ji)然(ran)可(ke)串接成高(gao)出(chu)幾倍的(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組合使用(yong),又可(ke)分開成幾套單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單(dan)獨(du)使用(yong)。整套裝置投(tou)資小,經濟實惠。圖(tu)(tu)5中,在**級(ji)和**級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)每個(ge)單(dan)元試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中都有一個(ge)勵磁繞(rao)組A1、C1和A2、C2。在三臺(tai)(tai)串級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基本原(yuan)理(li)中,低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)源加在試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)繞(rao)組a1x1上(shang),單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是(shi)V。勵磁繞(rao)組A1、C1給**級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)繞(rao)組供電(dian);**級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)勵磁繞(rao)組A2、C2給第三級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)繞(rao)組供電(dian)。**級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和第三級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)體分別處在對(dui)地(di)為1V和2V的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)電(dian)位上(shang),所以箱(xiang)體對(dui)地(di)是(shi)絕(jue)緣的(de)(de)(de)(de),試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)體是(shi)接地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。這樣**級(ji)、**級(ji)、第三級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)額(e)定輸出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分別為1V、2V、3V;其(qi)額(e)定容量(liang)(liang)分別為3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高(gao)壓試(shi)(shi)驗變壓器(qi)做被試(shi)(shi)品的工頻(pin)耐壓試(shi)(shi)驗使用接線原理圖(tu)見圖(tu)5。
圖中:R1—限流電(dian)阻 FRC—阻容分壓(ya)器 RF—球間(jian)隙(xi)保護電(dian)阻 G—球間(jian)隙(xi) CX—被試品
注:高壓尾必須可靠接地
工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗中限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)R1應(ying)根據(ju)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器的額定(ding)容量來(lai)選擇。如高壓(ya)(ya)側(ce)額定(ding)輸出電(dian)(dian)流(liu)在(zai)100~300mA時,可取0.5~1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya));高壓(ya)(ya)側(ce)額定(ding)輸出電(dian)(dian)流(liu)為1A以上時,可取1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya))。常用水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)作為限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu),管子(zi)長度可按150kV/m考慮,管子(zi)粗細應(ying)具有足夠的熱(re)容量(水(shui)(shui)阻(zu)液配(pei)制(zhi)方(fang)法:用蒸餾水(shui)(shui)加入適量硫(liu)酸銅配(pei)制(zhi)成各種不(bu)同的阻(zu)值(zhi))。
球間隙(xi)及(ji)保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)阻:當電(dian)(dian)壓超過球間隙(xi)整定值時(一般取(qu)試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓的110%~120%),球間隙(xi)放電(dian)(dian),對被試(shi)品起到保護(hu)作用。球間隙(xi)保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)阻可按1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓)選取(qu)。
在工(gong)(gong)頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)中,低電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表(biao)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不是(shi)非常準確(que)的(de)(de),其原因是(shi)由于(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器存(cun)(cun)在著漏(lou)(lou)抗(kang),在這個漏(lou)(lou)抗(kang)上(shang)必然存(cun)(cun)在著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降或容(rong)(rong)升,使(shi)試(shi)(shi)品(pin)上(shang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低于(yu)(yu)或高(gao)于(yu)(yu)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表(biao)上(shang)反映出來(lai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工(gong)(gong)頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時(shi),被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)上(shang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)于(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya),也(ye)就是(shi)所(suo)謂(wei)容(rong)(rong)升現象。感應耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時(shi),試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)漏(lou)(lou)抗(kang)必然存(cun)(cun)在著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為了準確(que)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)上(shang)所(suo)施加(jia)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya),因此常在高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)接入FRC阻容(rong)(rong)分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器來(lai)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖5)。
工頻耐壓(ya)試驗操作注意事(shi)項
1)試(shi)驗(yan)人員應做好分(fen)工,明確相互間聯(lian)系方法。并有專門人監(jian)護現場**及觀(guan)察試(shi)品(pin)狀態。
2)被(bei)試(shi)(shi)品應先清掃干凈,并**干燥(zao),以免損壞被(bei)試(shi)(shi)品和試(shi)(shi)驗帶來(lai)的誤差(cha)。
3)對于大型試驗(yan),一般都應先進行空升試驗(yan)。即不接(jie)試品(pin)時(shi)升壓至試驗(yan)電(dian)壓,校對各種(zhong)表計,調整球間隙。
4)升壓速度不(bu)能太快,并必(bi)須防止突(tu)(tu)然(ran)加壓。例(li)如調(diao)壓器不(bu)在零位(wei)時(shi)突(tu)(tu)然(ran)合閘。也不(bu)能突(tu)(tu)然(ran)切斷電源,一(yi)般應在調(diao)壓器降至零位(wei)時(shi)拉(la)閘。
5)當電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)升至(zhi)試(shi)(shi)驗電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時,開(kai)始計時,到1min后,迅速降壓(ya)(ya)到1/3試(shi)(shi)驗電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)以下時,才能拉開(kai)電(dian)源(yuan)。
6)在升壓(ya)(ya)或(huo)耐壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗過程中,如(ru)發現下列不正(zheng)常情況時(shi),應立即降壓(ya)(ya),切斷電(dian)源(yuan)。停止試(shi)驗并查(cha)明原因:①電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)表指針擺(bai)動很大(da);②發現絕緣(yuan)燒焦(jiao)或(huo)冒煙(yan);③被試(shi)品內有不正(zheng)常的聲音。
7)耐壓試驗前后應測量絕緣(yuan)電阻,檢查絕緣(yuan)情況。
試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器在做(zuo)被試(shi)品的直流耐壓(ya)或(huo)泄露試(shi)驗(yan)時接線原理圖如圖6。
注:此試(shi)驗應先抽出(chu)短路桿“D”,圖6中所示。
圖中(zhong):VD—高(gao)壓硅(gui)堆 R1—限流電阻 C1—高(gao)壓濾波電容 FRC—阻容分壓器 CX—被試品 μA—帶(dai)保護微安(an)表
泄(xie)露試(shi)驗中(zhong)限流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻R1選擇(ze)在額定輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓時,輸出端短路電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不超過高壓硅(gui)堆的(de)*大(da)整流(liu)(liu)。如電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓硅(gui)堆的(de)*大(da)整流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)為100mA時用于60kV的(de)試(shi)驗裝置中(zhong),限流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇(ze)。限流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻還應具有足夠(gou)的(de)容量和沿面放電(dian)(dian)(dian)距離。
高(gao)壓濾波電(dian)容C1一(yi)般選擇在(zai)0.01~0.1μF,當(dang)被試(shi)品的電(dian)容量很大時,C1可省(sheng)略不用。
泄露(lu)試驗的(de)操作及注意(yi)事項(xiang)
1)試驗前(qian)應(ying)先檢(jian)查被試品是(shi)否(fou)停電,接地放電,一切對(dui)外連線是(shi)否(fou)擦干(gan)凈。要(yao)嚴防將試驗電壓加(jia)到(dao)有人(ren)工作的部位上去(qu)。
2)接(jie)好試驗裝置的(de)接(jie)線后,應復(fu)查(cha)無誤后才可(ke)(ke)加壓。應特別注意檢查(cha)高壓設備及引線與地(di)(di)、與操作人員的(de)**距離,被試品(pin)的(de)外殼是否可(ke)(ke)靠接(jie)地(di)(di),要(yao)按**規程中所規定的(de)內容進(jin)行試驗。
3)對于大電(dian)容量設備(bei)應(ying)緩慢升壓(ya)(ya),防止被試品的充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流燒壞微安表。必要時應(ying)分(fen)(fen)級加(jia)壓(ya)(ya),分(fen)(fen)別讀取各級電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)下微安表的穩定(ding)讀數。
4)試驗(yan)過程中,應(ying)密切(qie)監視被試品(pin)、試驗(yan)裝(zhuang)置、微(wei)安表,一旦發生擊穿、閃爍等(deng)異常(chang)現象(xiang)應(ying)立即降(jiang)壓,切(qie)斷電(dian)源,并查明(ming)原因,詳細記錄。
5)試驗完畢,降壓,切斷電源后應將被試品及試驗裝置本身充分放電。
四、WBTQSB-25KVA/100KV交流耐壓發生器注意事項
1、按照您所進行的(de)試(shi)驗接好(hao)工作線路。試(shi)驗變壓(ya)器的(de)外殼以及操作系統的(de)外殼必須(xu)可靠接地。試(shi)驗變壓(ya)器高壓(ya)繞組的(de)X端(高壓(ya)尾)以及測量(liang)繞組的(de)F端必須(xu)可靠接地。
2、做串(chuan)級試(shi)驗時,**級、第(di)三(san)(san)級試(shi)驗變(bian)壓器的(de)(de)低壓繞(rao)組的(de)(de)X端,測量繞(rao)組的(de)(de)F端以及高壓繞(rao)組的(de)(de)X端(高壓尾)均接本級試(shi)驗變(bian)壓器的(de)(de)外殼。**級、第(di)三(san)(san)級試(shi)驗變(bian)壓器的(de)(de)外殼必須通(tong)過絕(jue)緣支(zhi)架接地(di)。
3、接(jie)通電源前,操作系統的調(diao)壓(ya)器必(bi)須(xu)調(diao)到零位后方可(ke)接(jie)通電源,合閘,開始升(sheng)壓(ya)。
4、從零(ling)開始(shi)均勻旋轉調壓(ya)(ya)器手輪升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)方法有:快(kuai)速(su)(su)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法,即20s逐級升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法;慢速(su)(su)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法,即60s逐級升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法;極慢速(su)(su)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法供選(xuan)用(yong)。電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)從零(ling)開始(shi)按(an)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)方式和(he)速(su)(su)度上升(sheng)(sheng)到您所需的(de)(de)額定(ding)試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)75%后,在以(yi)每(mei)秒2%額定(ding)試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)速(su)(su)度升(sheng)(sheng)到您所需的(de)(de)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya),并密(mi)切注意測(ce)量儀表(biao)的(de)(de)指示(shi)以(yi)及被試(shi)品的(de)(de)情(qing)況。升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)過(guo)程中或試(shi)驗過(guo)程中如發現測(ce)量儀表(biao)的(de)(de)指示(shi)及被試(shi)品情(qing)況異常,應立(li)即降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya),切斷電(dian)(dian)源,查(cha)明情(qing)況。
5、試(shi)驗完畢后,應在數秒內(nei)勻(yun)速的(de)將調壓器(qi)返回至零位,然后切斷(duan)電(dian)源(yuan)。
6、本產品不得超(chao)過額定參數使用(yong)。除試驗必須外,決不允許全(quan)電(dian)(dian)壓通(tong)電(dian)(dian)或斷電(dian)(dian)。
7、再升壓(ya)(ya)或耐壓(ya)(ya)試驗過程中(zhong),如發現以下不正常情況時,應立即降壓(ya)(ya),切斷(duan)電(dian)源,停止試驗并(bing)查明原(yuan)因。
⑴電壓表指針(zhen)擺(bai)動(或數字(zi)跳(tiao)動)很大
⑵電流表(biao)直線上升
被試(shi)品內有不正常的聲音
8、圖1中第9項系壓(ya)力(li)(li)閥及壓(ya)力(li)(li)表,為長期關(guan)閉狀態(tai)。每6個月開閥一次,以(yi)檢查(cha)SF6壓(ya)力(li)(li),應不小于0.2MPa(檢查(cha)壓(ya)力(li)(li)后立即關(guan)閉閥門),低于0.2MPa時(shi)應加(jia)SF6氣體,以(yi)增加(jia)氣絕緣(yuan)。
9、耐壓(ya)實(shi)驗前后應測量(liang)被試設備的絕(jue)緣電阻(zu),檢查絕(jue)緣情況。
10、當試驗變壓(ya)器長期(qi)不(bu)使(shi)用時,應放置于通風、干燥、無陽光(guang)直射的地(di)方。
11、該產品不允(yun)許(xu)在高于(yu)45℃的溫度下(xia)長期存放、使用、放氣。
12、運輸搬運途中不得重力沖擊。
13、產品緊固件及壓力閥(fa)、壓力表不(bu)得擅自松動。
14、使(shi)用(yong)本產品做高壓(ya)試驗(yan)時,出熟(shu)悉本說明書外,還(huan)必須嚴(yan)格執行(xing)國家(jia)有關標準(zhun)和操作(zuo)規(gui)程。可參照GB311-83《高壓(ya)輸變(bian)設備的絕緣配合,高壓(ya)試驗(yan)技術(shu)》;《電氣設備預防(fang)性(xing)試驗(yan)規(gui)程》等(deng)。
五、WBTQSB-25KVA/100KV交流耐壓發生器容量選擇
標稱(cheng)試驗變壓器容量Pn的(de)確定公式:Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中:
Pn——標稱試驗(yan)變壓器(qi)容量(kVA)
Vn——試驗變壓(ya)器的額定輸出高壓(ya)的有效值(kV)
k ——**系數。k≥1,標稱電(dian)壓Vn≥1MV時(shi),k=2;標稱電(dian)壓較低(di)時(shi),k值可取高一些(xie)。
Ct——被試品的電容量(pF)
ω——角頻率,ω=2πf, f——試(shi)驗電源的頻率
被試(shi)設備的(de)電(dian)容量Ct可(ke)由交流電(dian)橋(qiao)測出(chu)。Ct的(de)變化很大,
可由(you)設備的類型(xing)而定(ding)。
典型數(shu)據如下(xia):
簡單的棒(bang)式(shi)或懸式(shi)絕緣子 幾(ji)十微法
簡(jian)單的(de)分級(ji)套管 100~1000pF
電(dian)壓互感器 200 ~ 500pF
電力變壓器 < 1000kVA ~1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000~10000pF
高壓電力(li)電纜和油(you)浸紙絕緣 250~300pF/m
氣體絕緣 ~60pF/m
封(feng)閉(bi)變電站,SF6氣體絕(jue)緣(yuan) 100~10000Pf;
對于不同的試(shi)驗電壓Vn,選擇不同的(適當的)**系數k。
以下列出不同的Vn所選(xuan)用的k值(zhi)供參考。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2