一、WBTQSB-150KVA/300KV交直流耐壓發生器概述(shu)
YDQ系列高(gao)(gao)壓試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)是根(gen)據《試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)》標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，在(zai)油(you)(you)浸式(shi)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)(de)基礎上(shang)而設(she)計(ji)生產的(de)(de)。SF6氣(qi)體具有良好的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)性能(neng)及優(you)異的(de)(de)滅弧性能(neng)，其耐(nai)壓強(qiang)度(du)為(wei)同一壓力下(xia)氮氣(qi)的(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)，擊穿電(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)空氣(qi)的(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)。在(zai)0.25MPa下(xia)與(yu)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)擊穿電(dian)(dian)壓相等，在(zai)0.45MPa壓力下(xia)是油(you)(you)的(de)(de)擊穿電(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)2倍(bei)，是一種(zhong)優(you)于(yu)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)新一代超高(gao)(gao)壓絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)介質材(cai)料(liao)。該產品技術要求完全符合《ZBK-41006-89》標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，它(ta)是油(you)(you)浸式(shi)輕(qing)型(xing)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)(de)換代產品。該產品具有體積小(xiao)(xiao)、重量輕(qing)、不受氣(qi)候變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化影響(xiang)、電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)小(xiao)(xiao)、現場搬運無需(xu)靜止可使用，使用壽命(ming)長、免維修等特點。適用于(yu)電(dian)(dian)力系統、工礦企業、科研(yan)部門等對各種(zhong)高(gao)(gao)壓電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備、電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)元件、絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)進行工頻或直(zhi)流(liu)高(gao)(gao)壓下(xia)的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)強(qiang)度(du)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)。
二、WBTQSB-150KVA/300KV交直流耐壓發生器產品結構
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試驗變壓(ya)器采用單框芯(xin)式(shi)鐵(tie)芯(xin)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)，初(chu)級繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)繞(rao)在(zai)(zai)鐵(tie)芯(xin)上(shang)，高壓(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)在(zai)(zai)外(wai)，這(zhe)種同軸布置(zhi)減少了(le)漏磁(ci)通(tong)，因而(er)增大了(le)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)間的(de)耦合(he)。產(chan)品(pin)的(de)外(wai)殼為圓柱灌(guan)式(shi)容(rong)器結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)，能耐受0.8MPa以上(shang)壓(ya)力。其結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)見圖1：
三、WBTQSB-150KVA/300KV交直流耐壓發生器工作原理
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)為(wei)單相變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)，聯結組(zu)標(biao)號(hao)Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用工(gong)頻220V(10kVA以上(shang)為(wei)380V)電(dian)源接入 (為(wei)本公司生產的試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)配套(tao)專(zhuan)用設(she)備(bei)，詳細(xi)資料請(qing)見(jian)其具體(ti)使用說(shuo)明(ming)書(shu))系列操作箱(xiang)(臺(tai))，經操作箱(xiang)內自偶調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)器(qi)(50kVA以上(shang)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)器(qi)外附(fu))調(diao)(diao)節(jie)至0～200V(或0～400V)電(dian)壓(ya)輸出至YDQ試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的初級繞(rao)組(zu)，根據電(dian)磁感應原理，在(zai)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)高壓(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)可獲得試(shi)驗(yan)所需的高電(dian)壓(ya)。
單(dan)臺(tai)YDQ系(xi)列高壓試驗變壓器的工作原理(li)圖見圖2。
單臺YDQ系列交直(zhi)流(liu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)工作原理圖(tu)見(jian)圖(tu)3，圖(tu)中(zhong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)套管中(zhong)裝有高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)硅堆，串接(jie)在高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)回路中(zhong)作半波整流(liu)，以獲(huo)得(de)直(zhi)流(liu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。當用一短(duan)(duan)路桿(gan)(gan)將高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)硅堆短(duan)(duan)接(jie)時(shi)，可獲(huo)得(de)工頻高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，作為交流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)狀態；取消短(duan)(duan)路桿(gan)(gan)時(shi)，作為直(zhi)流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)狀態。
試驗變壓(ya)(ya)器高壓(ya)(ya)套管中的高壓(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆未(wei)畫出(chu)，其原理與(yu)上圖(tu)相同。
三臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)獲得(de)更高電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)接線原(yuan)理見圖4。串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)優越性(xing)，因為整個(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)裝置由幾臺(tai)(tai)單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)成，單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)容量小(xiao)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量輕，便于運輸(shu)(shu)和安(an)裝。它(ta)既(ji)然可串接成高出(chu)(chu)幾倍的(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)合使用，又可分(fen)開(kai)成幾套(tao)單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)單(dan)獨(du)使用。整套(tao)裝置投資小(xiao)，經濟實惠。圖5中，在(zai)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)每個(ge)(ge)單(dan)元試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中都有一個(ge)(ge)勵(li)(li)磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)A1、C1和A2、C2。在(zai)三臺(tai)(tai)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)基(ji)本原(yuan)理中，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源加在(zai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)(chu)(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)a1x1上，單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是(shi)V。勵(li)(li)磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)A1、C1給(gei)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)(chu)(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)勵(li)(li)磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)A2、C2給(gei)第(di)三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)(chu)(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和第(di)三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)體分(fen)別(bie)處在(zai)對(dui)地為1V和2V的(de)(de)(de)(de)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)位上，所以箱(xiang)體對(dui)地是(shi)絕緣的(de)(de)(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)體是(shi)接地的(de)(de)(de)(de)。這樣**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、第(di)三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)額定輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分(fen)別(bie)為1V、2V、3V；其(qi)額定容量分(fen)別(bie)為3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列(lie)高(gao)壓試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓器做被試(shi)品(pin)的工頻耐(nai)壓試(shi)驗(yan)使用接線原理圖見圖5。
圖中：R1—限流電阻(zu) FRC—阻(zu)容(rong)分(fen)壓(ya)器 RF—球間隙保護電阻(zu) G—球間隙 CX—被試品
注：高壓(ya)尾必須(xu)可靠接地
工頻(pin)耐(nai)壓試(shi)驗中限流電(dian)阻R1應(ying)根據試(shi)驗變壓器的額定(ding)容(rong)量來選擇。如高壓側額定(ding)輸出電(dian)流在100～300mA時，可取(qu)0.5～1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)壓)；高壓側額定(ding)輸出電(dian)流為1A以上時，可取(qu)1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)壓)。常用(yong)水電(dian)阻作為限流電(dian)阻，管(guan)子長度可按150kV/m考慮，管(guan)子粗細應(ying)具(ju)有足(zu)夠(gou)的熱容(rong)量(水阻液(ye)配(pei)制方法：用(yong)蒸餾(liu)水加入適量硫酸銅配(pei)制成各種不(bu)同(tong)的阻值)。
球(qiu)間隙(xi)及(ji)保(bao)護電(dian)阻(zu)：當電(dian)壓超過球(qiu)間隙(xi)整定(ding)值時(一(yi)般取試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓的(de)110%~120%)，球(qiu)間隙(xi)放電(dian)，對(dui)被試(shi)品(pin)起(qi)到保(bao)護作用。球(qiu)間隙(xi)保(bao)護電(dian)阻(zu)可按(an)1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓)選取。
在(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)頻(pin)(pin)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)中，低電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不是(shi)非常(chang)準確(que)的，其(qi)原因(yin)是(shi)由于(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器存在(zai)(zai)(zai)著漏抗，在(zai)(zai)(zai)這個漏抗上必(bi)然存在(zai)(zai)(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降或容升，使試(shi)(shi)(shi)品上的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低于(yu)或高于(yu)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表上反映出來的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工(gong)頻(pin)(pin)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時，被(bei)試(shi)(shi)(shi)品上的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高于(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就是(shi)所謂容升現象。感應(ying)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時，試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的漏抗必(bi)然存在(zai)(zai)(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為(wei)了(le)準確(que)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)被(bei)試(shi)(shi)(shi)品上所施加的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因(yin)此(ci)常(chang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側接(jie)入(ru)FRC阻(zu)容分(fen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器來測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見(jian)圖5)。
工(gong)頻耐壓試驗操作注意事(shi)項
1）試驗人員應做好分工(gong)，明確(que)相互間聯系方法。并有專(zhuan)門人監護現場(chang)**及觀察試品狀態。
2）被(bei)(bei)試品應(ying)先清掃干凈，并**干燥，以免損壞被(bei)(bei)試品和試驗帶(dai)來的誤差。
3）對于大(da)型試驗，一般都應先(xian)進行空升試驗。即不(bu)接試品時升壓至試驗電壓，校對各種表計，調(diao)整球(qiu)間(jian)隙。
4）升壓(ya)速度(du)不(bu)能太(tai)快，并(bing)必(bi)須防(fang)止(zhi)突然(ran)(ran)加壓(ya)。例如調壓(ya)器(qi)不(bu)在(zai)零(ling)位(wei)時突然(ran)(ran)合(he)閘(zha)。也不(bu)能突然(ran)(ran)切(qie)斷電(dian)源，一般(ban)應在(zai)調壓(ya)器(qi)降(jiang)至零(ling)位(wei)時拉閘(zha)。
5）當電壓升至試(shi)驗電壓時(shi)，開始(shi)計時(shi)，到1min后(hou)，迅速降壓到1/3試(shi)驗電壓以下時(shi)，才能(neng)拉開電源。
6）在升(sheng)壓(ya)或(huo)耐壓(ya)試驗(yan)過程(cheng)中，如(ru)發(fa)現(xian)下列不(bu)正常(chang)(chang)情況(kuang)時，應立即降壓(ya)，切(qie)斷電(dian)源。停止(zhi)試驗(yan)并(bing)查明原因：①電(dian)壓(ya)表指針擺動(dong)很大；②發(fa)現(xian)絕緣燒焦或(huo)冒煙；③被試品內(nei)有不(bu)正常(chang)(chang)的聲音。
7）耐(nai)壓試驗前(qian)后應測量絕緣電(dian)阻(zu)，檢查(cha)絕緣情況。
試(shi)驗(yan)變壓器在做被試(shi)品(pin)的直流耐(nai)壓或(huo)泄露(lu)試(shi)驗(yan)時接(jie)線原(yuan)理圖如圖6。
注：此試驗應先抽(chou)出短(duan)路桿“D”，圖6中所示。
圖(tu)中：VD—高(gao)壓硅堆 R1—限流電阻(zu) C1—高(gao)壓濾波電容 FRC—阻(zu)容分壓器 CX—被(bei)試品(pin) μA—帶保護(hu)微安表
泄露試驗中(zhong)限(xian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)R1選擇(ze)(ze)在額定輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓時(shi)，輸出(chu)端短路電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不超過高壓硅(gui)堆的(de)(de)*大(da)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)。如電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓硅(gui)堆的(de)(de)*大(da)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)為(wei)100mA時(shi)用于60kV的(de)(de)試驗裝置中(zhong)，限(xian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇(ze)(ze)。限(xian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)還應具有足夠的(de)(de)容量和沿面放電(dian)(dian)(dian)距離。
高壓(ya)濾波電容C1一般選擇在0.01~0.1μF，當被試品的電容量很大時，C1可(ke)省略不用。
泄露試(shi)驗(yan)的操作及注意事項
1）試驗前應先檢(jian)查被試品是否(fou)停電(dian)，接(jie)地(di)放電(dian)，一(yi)切(qie)對外連線是否(fou)擦干凈。要(yao)嚴防將試驗電(dian)壓加到有人工作(zuo)的部位(wei)上去。
2）接(jie)好(hao)試驗裝置的接(jie)線(xian)(xian)后(hou)，應(ying)復查(cha)無誤后(hou)才(cai)可加壓。應(ying)特別注意檢查(cha)高壓設備(bei)及引線(xian)(xian)與地、與操(cao)作人(ren)員的**距離(li)，被(bei)試品的外殼(ke)是(shi)否可靠接(jie)地，要按**規程(cheng)中所規定的內容(rong)進行試驗。
3）對(dui)于大電(dian)容量設(she)備應緩慢升壓，防止被(bei)試品的(de)充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)燒壞微(wei)安表(biao)。必要時應分(fen)級加(jia)壓，分(fen)別讀(du)取各(ge)級電(dian)壓下(xia)微(wei)安表(biao)的(de)穩定讀(du)數。
4）試(shi)(shi)驗過程中(zhong)，應密切監視(shi)被(bei)試(shi)(shi)品、試(shi)(shi)驗裝置、微(wei)安表，一旦發(fa)生擊穿、閃爍等異常(chang)現象(xiang)應立即降壓，切斷電源，并查明原因，詳細(xi)記(ji)錄。
5）試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)完畢，降壓(ya)，切斷電(dian)源后應(ying)將被試(shi)(shi)品及試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)裝(zhuang)置本身充分放電(dian)。
四、WBTQSB-150KVA/300KV交直流耐壓發生器注意事項
1、按照(zhao)您所進行的試驗接(jie)好工作線路。試驗變壓(ya)器的外(wai)(wai)殼以及操作系統的外(wai)(wai)殼必須(xu)可靠接(jie)地。試驗變壓(ya)器高(gao)壓(ya)繞組的X端(高(gao)壓(ya)尾(wei))以及測(ce)量繞組的F端必須(xu)可靠接(jie)地。
2、做(zuo)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)時，**級(ji)(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)變壓器(qi)的(de)低壓繞(rao)組(zu)的(de)X端(duan)，測量繞(rao)組(zu)的(de)F端(duan)以及(ji)高壓繞(rao)組(zu)的(de)X端(duan)(高壓尾)均接本級(ji)(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)變壓器(qi)的(de)外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試驗(yan)變壓器(qi)的(de)外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)必須(xu)通(tong)過絕緣(yuan)支架接地。
3、接通(tong)電(dian)(dian)源前，操作系統(tong)的調(diao)壓器必須調(diao)到零(ling)位(wei)后(hou)方(fang)可接通(tong)電(dian)(dian)源，合閘，開始升壓。
4、從零開(kai)始均勻旋轉調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器手(shou)輪升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方法(fa)有：快速升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即(ji)(ji)20s逐級升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)；慢速升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即(ji)(ji)60s逐級升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)；極(ji)慢速升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)供選用。電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)從零開(kai)始按(an)一定的升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方式(shi)和速度上升(sheng)到(dao)您(nin)所需(xu)的額定試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的75%后，在以每(mei)秒2%額定試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的速度升(sheng)到(dao)您(nin)所需(xu)的額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，并密(mi)切(qie)注意(yi)測量(liang)(liang)儀(yi)表的指示以及被試(shi)品的情況。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)程中或試(shi)驗(yan)過(guo)程中如(ru)發(fa)現測量(liang)(liang)儀(yi)表的指示及被試(shi)品情況異常(chang)，應立(li)即(ji)(ji)降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，切(qie)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，查明情況。
5、試驗完畢后，應在數(shu)秒內勻速的將調壓器返(fan)回至(zhi)零(ling)位，然后切斷電源。
6、本產品不得超過(guo)額定參數使用。除試驗必須外，決不允許全電壓(ya)通電或斷電。
7、再升壓(ya)或耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)過(guo)程中，如發現(xian)以下不正(zheng)常(chang)情況時(shi)，應立即(ji)降壓(ya)，切(qie)斷(duan)電源，停止試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)并(bing)查明原(yuan)因。
⑴電壓表指(zhi)針(zhen)擺動(dong)(或數字跳動(dong))很大(da)
⑵電流表直線上升(sheng)
被試品(pin)內有不正常的聲音
8、圖(tu)1中第(di)9項系壓力(li)閥(fa)及壓力(li)表，為長期關(guan)閉(bi)狀態。每6個月開(kai)閥(fa)一(yi)次(ci)，以檢查SF6壓力(li)，應(ying)(ying)不小(xiao)于0.2MPa(檢查壓力(li)后立即關(guan)閉(bi)閥(fa)門)，低(di)于0.2MPa時應(ying)(ying)加SF6氣體，以增加氣絕緣。
9、耐壓實(shi)驗前后(hou)應(ying)測量被試設備的(de)絕緣(yuan)電阻，檢(jian)查絕緣(yuan)情況。
10、當試驗(yan)變壓器長期不使用時(shi)，應放(fang)置(zhi)于(yu)通風、干燥、無陽光(guang)直射的(de)地方。
11、該產品不允許在高于45℃的溫(wen)度下長期存放(fang)、使用、放(fang)氣。
12、運(yun)輸搬運(yun)途中不得重力沖擊。
13、產品(pin)緊固(gu)件及(ji)壓力閥、壓力表(biao)不得擅(shan)自松動。
14、使用本產(chan)品做高(gao)壓試驗(yan)時，出熟(shu)悉本說明(ming)書外，還必須嚴(yan)格執行國家有關標(biao)準和操作規程(cheng)。可(ke)參照(zhao)GB311-83《高(gao)壓輸變設備的絕緣配合，高(gao)壓試驗(yan)技(ji)術》；《電氣設備預防性試驗(yan)規程(cheng)》等。
五、WBTQSB-150KVA/300KV交直流耐壓發生器容量選擇
標稱試(shi)驗變壓器容量Pn的確定(ding)公式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中：
Pn——標稱試驗變壓器容量(kVA)
Vn——試驗變(bian)壓器的額(e)定(ding)輸(shu)出高壓的有(you)效值(kV)
k ——**系(xi)數(shu)。k≥1，標稱(cheng)電壓Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標稱(cheng)電壓較低時，k值可取高(gao)一些。
Ct——被試品的電容量(pF)
ω——角頻率(lv)，ω=2πf， f——試驗(yan)電(dian)源的(de)頻率(lv)
被試設備的電容量Ct可(ke)由交流電橋測出。Ct的變化很大，
可由設備的類型而(er)定。
典型(xing)數(shu)據(ju)如下：
簡單的棒式或懸式絕緣子(zi) 幾十微法
簡單的(de)分(fen)級套(tao)管(guan) 100～1000pF
電壓互(hu)感器 200 ～ 500pF
電力(li)變(bian)壓器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓電力電纜和油浸紙絕緣 250～300pF/m
氣(qi)體絕緣 ～60pF/m
封閉變電站，SF6氣體絕緣(yuan) 100～10000Pf;
對于(yu)不同(tong)的(de)試驗電壓(ya)Vn，選(xuan)擇不同(tong)的(de)(適當(dang)的(de))**系數k。
以下(xia)列出不同的(de)Vn所選(xuan)用的(de)k值供參考(kao)。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2