一(yi)、WBTQSB-100KVA/300KV高壓耐壓成套裝置概述

YDQ系列高(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器是(shi)根據《試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器》標(biao)準，在油(you)浸式試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)(de)基(ji)礎上而(er)設(she)(she)計生產(chan)的(de)(de)。SF6氣體(ti)具有良(liang)好的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣絕緣(yuan)(yuan)性能及優異(yi)的(de)(de)滅弧性能，其耐壓(ya)強度為同一壓(ya)力(li)下(xia)(xia)氮(dan)氣的(de)(de)2.5倍，擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)空氣的(de)(de)2.5倍。在0.25MPa下(xia)(xia)與油(you)的(de)(de)擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)相等(deng)，在0.45MPa壓(ya)力(li)下(xia)(xia)是(shi)油(you)的(de)(de)擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)2倍，是(shi)一種優于油(you)的(de)(de)新(xin)一代(dai)超(chao)高(gao)壓(ya)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)介質材(cai)料(liao)(liao)。該產(chan)品技術(shu)要求完(wan)全(quan)符合《ZBK-41006-89》標(biao)準，它是(shi)油(you)浸式輕型(xing)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)(de)換代(dai)產(chan)品。該產(chan)品具有體(ti)積小、重量輕、不受氣候(hou)變(bian)(bian)化影響、電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈小、現場(chang)搬運無(wu)需靜止可(ke)使用，使用壽(shou)命長、免維修等(deng)特點(dian)。適用于電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統、工礦(kuang)企業、科(ke)研部(bu)門(men)等(deng)對各種高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)(she)備(bei)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣元件、絕緣(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)進行工頻或直流(liu)高(gao)壓(ya)下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)強度試(shi)驗(yan)。

二、WBTQSB-100KVA/300KV高壓耐壓成套裝置產品結構

YDQ系列高(gao)壓(ya)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器采用單框(kuang)芯式鐵(tie)芯結構(gou)，初級(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組繞(rao)(rao)在鐵(tie)芯上，高(gao)壓(ya)繞(rao)(rao)組在外，這(zhe)種(zhong)同軸布(bu)置(zhi)減少了漏磁通，因而增(zeng)大了繞(rao)(rao)組間(jian)的(de)耦(ou)合。產品的(de)外殼為圓柱灌式容器結構(gou)，能耐受0.8MPa以(yi)上壓(ya)力(li)。其結構(gou)見圖(tu)1：

三、WBTQSB-100KVA/300KV高壓耐壓成套裝置工作原理

YDQ系列(lie)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)為(wei)單相變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)，聯結組(zu)標號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用(yong)工頻220V(10kVA以上為(wei)380V)電源接入(ru) (為(wei)本(ben)公司(si)生產(chan)的(de)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)配套專用(yong)設備，詳細資料請(qing)見其具(ju)體使(shi)用(yong)說明書)系列(lie)操(cao)作箱(臺)，經操(cao)作箱內(nei)自偶調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(50kVA以上調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)外附)調節至0～200V(或0～400V)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)輸出至YDQ試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)初級(ji)繞組(zu)，根據電磁感應原理，在試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)繞組(zu)可獲得試(shi)驗(yan)所需的(de)高(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。

單臺YDQ系列高壓試驗變壓器的工作原理圖見圖2。

單(dan)臺YDQ系列交直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)高壓(ya)試驗變(bian)壓(ya)器的工作原理圖(tu)見(jian)圖(tu)3，圖(tu)中高壓(ya)套管中裝(zhuang)有高壓(ya)硅(gui)堆，串接(jie)在高壓(ya)回路中作半波整流(liu)(liu)(liu)，以(yi)獲得直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)高電壓(ya)。當用(yong)一(yi)短(duan)路桿將高壓(ya)硅(gui)堆短(duan)接(jie)時(shi)，可獲得工頻高電壓(ya)，作為交流(liu)(liu)(liu)輸出狀態(tai)；取(qu)消短(duan)路桿時(shi)，作為直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)輸出狀態(tai)。

試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)高壓(ya)套管中的高壓(ya)硅堆未(wei)畫(hua)出，其原理與上圖(tu)相同。

三臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串級(ji)(ji)獲(huo)得更高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)線原(yuan)理(li)見(jian)圖4。串級(ji)(ji)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優越性，因為(wei)整個試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝置由幾(ji)臺(tai)單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成，單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容(rong)量(liang)小、電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量(liang)輕，便于(yu)運(yun)輸(shu)和安(an)裝。它既(ji)然(ran)可串接(jie)(jie)成高(gao)出(chu)(chu)幾(ji)倍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)(zu)(zu)合使用(yong)，又可分(fen)(fen)開成幾(ji)套單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單(dan)獨(du)使用(yong)。整套裝置投資小，經(jing)濟實惠。圖5中，在**級(ji)(ji)和**級(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每(mei)個單(dan)元試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中都有(you)一個勵磁(ci)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)A1、C1和A2、C2。在三臺(tai)串級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基本原(yuan)理(li)中，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源加在試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)a1x1上(shang)，單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)都是(shi)V。勵磁(ci)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勵磁(ci)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)A2、C2給第三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和第三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)體分(fen)(fen)別(bie)處在對(dui)地為(wei)1V和2V的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位上(shang)，所以箱(xiang)體對(dui)地是(shi)絕緣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)體是(shi)接(jie)(jie)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。這(zhe)樣**級(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額定輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)為(wei)1V、2V、3V；其額定容(rong)量(liang)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)為(wei)3P、2P、1P。

YDQ系(xi)列高(gao)壓(ya)試驗變壓(ya)器做被試品(pin)的工頻(pin)耐(nai)壓(ya)試驗使用接(jie)線(xian)原(yuan)理圖見圖5。

圖中：R1—限(xian)流電(dian)阻     ;  FRC—阻容分壓器     RF—球間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)保護(hu)電(dian)阻     G—球間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)          CX—被試品(pin)

注：高壓尾必須可靠接地

工(gong)頻(pin)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)中限流(liu)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)R1應根據試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)額(e)定容量來選擇。如高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)額(e)定輸出電(dian)流(liu)在100～300mA時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)取(qu)0.5～1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))；高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)額(e)定輸出電(dian)流(liu)為1A以上時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)取(qu)1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))。常用水(shui)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)作為限流(liu)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)，管子長度可(ke)(ke)按(an)150kV/m考慮，管子粗(cu)細應具有足夠(gou)的(de)(de)熱容量(水(shui)阻(zu)(zu)液配制方法：用蒸餾水(shui)加入(ru)適量硫酸銅配制成各種(zhong)不同的(de)(de)阻(zu)(zu)值(zhi))。

球間(jian)(jian)隙及保護電阻(zu)：當(dang)電壓(ya)(ya)超過球間(jian)(jian)隙整定(ding)值時(一般取試驗電壓(ya)(ya)的110%~120%)，球間(jian)(jian)隙放電，對被試品起到保護作用。球間(jian)(jian)隙保護電阻(zu)可按1Ω/V(試驗電壓(ya)(ya))選(xuan)取。

在(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)中，低電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不(bu)是非常準確(que)的，其原因是由于(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)漏抗，在(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)個漏抗上必然存在(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)或容(rong)(rong)升(sheng)，使試(shi)(shi)品(pin)上的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低于(yu)或高(gao)(gao)于(yu)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表上反映出來的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工(gong)頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)上的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就是所謂(wei)容(rong)(rong)升(sheng)現象。感應耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的漏抗必然存在(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)。為了準確(que)測量(liang)(liang)被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)上所施加的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因此(ci)常在(zai)(zai)(zai)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側接入FRC阻(zu)容(rong)(rong)分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)來測量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖(tu)5)。

工頻(pin)耐壓試驗操作注意事項(xiang)

1）試驗人(ren)員應做好分工，明確相互間聯(lian)系方法。并有專(zhuan)門人(ren)監護現場**及(ji)觀察試品(pin)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。

2）被(bei)試(shi)品(pin)(pin)應先(xian)清(qing)掃(sao)干凈(jing)，并**干燥，以(yi)免損壞被(bei)試(shi)品(pin)(pin)和試(shi)驗帶來的誤差(cha)。

3）對(dui)于大型試驗(yan)，一般都應先進(jin)行空升試驗(yan)。即不接(jie)試品(pin)時(shi)升壓(ya)至試驗(yan)電壓(ya)，校對(dui)各種(zhong)表計，調整球間隙。

4）升壓(ya)(ya)速度(du)不能太快(kuai)，并(bing)必須防止突然(ran)加壓(ya)(ya)。例如調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)不在(zai)零(ling)位(wei)時突然(ran)合閘。也不能突然(ran)切斷電源，一般應在(zai)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)降(jiang)至零(ling)位(wei)時拉(la)閘。

5）當(dang)電(dian)壓(ya)升至試(shi)驗電(dian)壓(ya)時(shi)，開始計時(shi)，到(dao)(dao)1min后(hou)，迅速降壓(ya)到(dao)(dao)1/3試(shi)驗電(dian)壓(ya)以下(xia)時(shi)，才能拉開電(dian)源。

6）在升壓(ya)或耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗過程(cheng)中，如發(fa)現(xian)下(xia)列(lie)不(bu)正常(chang)情況時，應(ying)立即(ji)降壓(ya)，切斷電(dian)源。停止試(shi)驗并(bing)查明原因：①電(dian)壓(ya)表指針擺動很大；②發(fa)現(xian)絕緣燒焦或冒(mao)煙；③被(bei)試(shi)品內(nei)有不(bu)正常(chang)的聲(sheng)音(yin)。

7）耐(nai)壓試驗前后應測量絕緣(yuan)電阻，檢查(cha)絕緣(yuan)情況。

試驗變壓器在(zai)做被試品的直流耐壓或泄露試驗時接線原(yuan)理(li)圖如圖6。

注：此試驗應(ying)先抽出短(duan)路桿“D”，圖6中(zhong)所示。

圖中：VD—高壓(ya)硅堆     R1—限流(liu)電阻(zu)      C1—高壓(ya)濾波電容    FRC—阻(zu)容分(fen)壓(ya)器     CX—被試品    μA—帶保護微安(an)表

泄露(lu)試驗中限(xian)流電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)R1選擇在(zai)額定(ding)輸出電(dian)壓(ya)時，輸出端短路電(dian)流不超過高壓(ya)硅(gui)堆的(de)(de)*大整(zheng)流。如電(dian)壓(ya)硅(gui)堆的(de)(de)*大整(zheng)流電(dian)流為100mA時用于60kV的(de)(de)試驗裝置中，限(xian)流電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇。限(xian)流電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)還應(ying)具(ju)有足夠的(de)(de)容(rong)量和沿面放(fang)電(dian)距離。

高壓濾波電(dian)容C1一般(ban)選擇在(zai)0.01~0.1μF，當被試品的(de)電(dian)容量(liang)很大時，C1可省略不用。

泄露(lu)試驗的(de)操作及注意事項

1）試驗前應(ying)先檢(jian)查被試品是否(fou)停電(dian)，接地放電(dian)，一(yi)切對外連(lian)線是否(fou)擦干凈(jing)。要嚴防將試驗電(dian)壓加到有人工作的部(bu)位(wei)上去。

2）接(jie)好試(shi)驗裝置的接(jie)線后(hou)(hou)，應復查無誤后(hou)(hou)才可(ke)加壓(ya)。應特別注意檢(jian)查高(gao)壓(ya)設(she)備及引線與地(di)、與操(cao)作人(ren)員的**距離(li)，被試(shi)品的外殼是否可(ke)靠接(jie)地(di)，要按**規(gui)程中所規(gui)定的內容進行試(shi)驗。

3）對于大電容量設備應(ying)(ying)緩慢升壓(ya)，防止被(bei)試品的充電電流(liu)燒壞微(wei)安(an)表(biao)。必要時(shi)應(ying)(ying)分(fen)(fen)級加(jia)壓(ya)，分(fen)(fen)別讀(du)取各級電壓(ya)下微(wei)安(an)表(biao)的穩定讀(du)數(shu)。

4）試驗過程中，應密切(qie)監視被試品、試驗裝置、微安表，一旦發生擊穿、閃爍等異常現象應立即降壓，切(qie)斷電源(yuan)，并查明原因，詳(xiang)細記錄。

5）試(shi)驗(yan)完畢，降壓，切(qie)斷電(dian)源后應將被試(shi)品及(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)裝置本(ben)身充分(fen)放電(dian)。

四、WBTQSB-100KVA/300KV高壓耐壓成套裝置注意事項

1、按照您所進(jin)行的試驗(yan)接(jie)好工作線路。試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)的外殼以及操(cao)作系統的外殼必須(xu)可(ke)靠接(jie)地(di)。試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)高壓(ya)繞(rao)組的X端(高壓(ya)尾)以及測量繞(rao)組的F端必須(xu)可(ke)靠接(jie)地(di)。

2、做串級試(shi)驗(yan)時(shi)，**級、第三(san)級試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)低壓(ya)繞組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)X端(duan)，測量繞組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)F端(duan)以及高壓(ya)繞組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)X端(duan)(高壓(ya)尾)均(jun)接本(ben)級試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)外(wai)殼。**級、第三(san)級試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)外(wai)殼必須通(tong)過(guo)絕緣支架接地。

3、接(jie)通電源(yuan)前，操作系統的調(diao)壓(ya)器(qi)必須(xu)調(diao)到零位后(hou)方(fang)可接(jie)通電源(yuan)，合閘，開始升(sheng)壓(ya)。

4、從(cong)零開始均勻(yun)旋轉調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器手(shou)輪升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方法(fa)(fa)有：快速(su)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)，即(ji)20s逐級升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)；慢速(su)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)，即(ji)60s逐級升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)；極慢速(su)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)供選用。電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)從(cong)零開始按一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方式和速(su)度上升(sheng)到(dao)您所(suo)需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)額(e)(e)定(ding)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)75%后，在以(yi)每秒2%額(e)(e)定(ding)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)度升(sheng)到(dao)您所(suo)需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)額(e)(e)定(ding)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，并密切注意測量儀表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)示以(yi)及被(bei)(bei)試(shi)(shi)(shi)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)程(cheng)中或試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗過(guo)程(cheng)中如(ru)發(fa)現測量儀表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)示及被(bei)(bei)試(shi)(shi)(shi)品情(qing)況(kuang)異常(chang)，應(ying)立(li)即(ji)降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，切斷電源，查明情(qing)況(kuang)。

5、試(shi)驗完畢(bi)后，應在數秒內勻速(su)的將調(diao)壓器返回至零(ling)位，然后切斷電源。

6、本(ben)產品不(bu)得超過額定(ding)參數(shu)使用。除試驗必(bi)須(xu)外，決不(bu)允許全(quan)電(dian)壓通電(dian)或斷電(dian)。

7、再(zai)升(sheng)壓(ya)或耐壓(ya)試驗(yan)過程中，如發現以(yi)下(xia)不正(zheng)常情況時，應立即降壓(ya)，切斷電源，停止試驗(yan)并查(cha)明原因(yin)。

⑴電(dian)壓表(biao)指針擺動(dong)(或(huo)數字跳(tiao)動(dong))很大

⑵電(dian)流表(biao)直線上(shang)升

被試品內(nei)有不正(zheng)常的聲音

8、圖1中第9項(xiang)系壓力閥及壓力表，為長期關閉狀(zhuang)態。每(mei)6個月開閥一次，以(yi)檢(jian)查SF6壓力，應(ying)不(bu)小于(yu)0.2MPa(檢(jian)查壓力后立(li)即關閉閥門)，低于(yu)0.2MPa時應(ying)加(jia)SF6氣(qi)體，以(yi)增加(jia)氣(qi)絕緣(yuan)。

9、耐壓實驗前后應測量被(bei)試設備的絕緣電(dian)阻(zu)，檢查絕緣情況。

10、當試(shi)驗變壓(ya)器長期不使用時，應(ying)放(fang)置于通風、干(gan)燥、無陽(yang)光(guang)直射的地方(fang)。

11、該產(chan)品不允許在(zai)高(gao)于45℃的溫度下長期存(cun)放、使用、放氣。

12、運輸搬運途(tu)中不得重力(li)沖擊。

13、產(chan)品緊固(gu)件及壓力(li)閥、壓力(li)表不得(de)擅自松動(dong)。

14、使用(yong)本產(chan)品做高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗時，出熟悉本說明書外，還必(bi)須嚴格執行國(guo)家有關標準和操作規(gui)程(cheng)。可參照GB311-83《高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)輸(shu)變設(she)(she)備的絕緣配合，高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗技術》；《電氣(qi)設(she)(she)備預防性試(shi)驗規(gui)程(cheng)》等。

五、WBTQSB-100KVA/300KV高壓耐壓成套裝置容量選擇

標稱試(shi)驗變壓器容(rong)量Pn的確(que)定公式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9

式(shi)中：

Pn——標稱試驗變壓(ya)器容(rong)量(kVA)

Vn——試驗變壓器的額(e)定輸出高壓的有(you)效值(kV)

k ——**系(xi)數(shu)。k≥1，標稱電壓(ya)Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標稱電壓(ya)較低時，k值可取高一些。

Ct——被試(shi)品的電容量(liang)(pF)

ω——角頻率(lv)，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源的頻率(lv)

被(bei)試設(she)備(bei)的電(dian)容(rong)量Ct可由交(jiao)流電(dian)橋測出。Ct的變化很大(da)，

可由設備的類型而定。

典(dian)型數(shu)據如下：

簡單的棒式或懸式絕緣子(zi)             幾十微法

簡單的分級套管(guan)                     100～1000pF

電(dian)壓互感器                         200 ～ 500pF

電(dian)力變壓器(qi)       < 1000kVA ～1000pF

> 1000kVA        ;1000～10000pF

高壓(ya)電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)和油浸(jin)紙絕緣           250～300pF/m

氣(qi)體絕緣(yuan)                        &nbsp;  ～60pF/m

封閉變(bian)電(dian)站，SF6氣體絕緣            100～10000Pf;

對于(yu)不(bu)同的試驗電壓(ya)Vn，選擇不(bu)同的(適當的)**系數k。

以(yi)下列出不同(tong)的(de)Vn所選用(yong)的(de)k值供參考(kao)。

Vn =50~100kV      &nbsp; k = 4

Vn =150~300kV       k = 3

Vn > 300kV         &nbsp;k = 2