一、WBTQSB-100KVA/300KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器概(gai)述
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)器是(shi)根據《試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)器》標(biao)(biao)準，在(zai)油(you)(you)浸式(shi)試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上而設計生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。SF6氣(qi)(qi)體具有(you)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)絕緣性(xing)能及優異的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滅弧(hu)性(xing)能，其耐壓(ya)強度為同一壓(ya)力(li)下氮氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2.5倍，擊(ji)穿(chuan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2.5倍。在(zai)0.25MPa下與油(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擊(ji)穿(chuan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)相等，在(zai)0.45MPa壓(ya)力(li)下是(shi)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擊(ji)穿(chuan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2倍，是(shi)一種(zhong)優于油(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)一代超高壓(ya)絕緣介質材料(liao)。該產(chan)品(pin)(pin)技(ji)術要求(qiu)完(wan)全符(fu)合(he)《ZBK-41006-89》標(biao)(biao)準，它是(shi)油(you)(you)浸式(shi)輕(qing)型試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)換代產(chan)品(pin)(pin)。該產(chan)品(pin)(pin)具有(you)體積小、重(zhong)量輕(qing)、不受氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)變(bian)化影響、電(dian)(dian)暈小、現(xian)場搬運無需靜止可使用(yong)，使用(yong)壽命長、免維(wei)修等特點。適用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)力(li)系統、工礦企業、科(ke)研部(bu)門(men)等對各(ge)種(zhong)高壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設備、電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)元件、絕緣材料(liao)進行工頻或直流高壓(ya)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)絕緣強度試(shi)(shi)驗。
二、WBTQSB-100KVA/300KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器產品結構
YDQ系列高壓試驗變壓器采用單(dan)框芯(xin)式鐵芯(xin)結構，初級繞(rao)組(zu)繞(rao)在(zai)鐵芯(xin)上，高壓繞(rao)組(zu)在(zai)外(wai)，這種同軸布置減少了漏(lou)磁通，因而增大了繞(rao)組(zu)間的耦合。產品的外(wai)殼為(wei)圓柱灌(guan)式容(rong)器結構，能耐受0.8MPa以上壓力。其結構見圖1：
三、WBTQSB-100KVA/300KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器工作原理
YDQ系列(lie)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)單相變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，聯(lian)結組(zu)標號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用(yong)工頻(pin)220V(10kVA以(yi)上為(wei)380V)電(dian)(dian)源接入 (為(wei)本(ben)公司生(sheng)產的(de)試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)配套專用(yong)設(she)備，詳細資(zi)料請見其(qi)具體(ti)使用(yong)說明書)系列(lie)操作箱(臺(tai))，經(jing)操作箱內自偶調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(50kVA以(yi)上調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)外(wai)附)調節至0～200V(或(huo)0～400V)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)輸出至YDQ試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)初(chu)級(ji)繞組(zu)，根據電(dian)(dian)磁感應原理，在試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)繞組(zu)可獲(huo)得試驗(yan)所(suo)需的(de)高電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。
單臺YDQ系(xi)列高壓試驗(yan)變壓器的工作原理圖見圖2。
單臺(tai)YDQ系列交直(zhi)流高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的工(gong)作(zuo)原理圖(tu)(tu)見圖(tu)(tu)3，圖(tu)(tu)中高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)套管中裝有高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅堆，串接(jie)在高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)回路(lu)中作(zuo)半波(bo)整流，以獲得(de)直(zhi)流高(gao)(gao)(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)。當用一短(duan)路(lu)桿將(jiang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅堆短(duan)接(jie)時，可獲得(de)工(gong)頻高(gao)(gao)(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)，作(zuo)為(wei)交流輸(shu)出(chu)狀態；取消短(duan)路(lu)桿時，作(zuo)為(wei)直(zhi)流輸(shu)出(chu)狀態。
試(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)器高壓(ya)套管中的高壓(ya)硅堆未畫出，其原理(li)與上(shang)圖相同。
三(san)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)獲得更高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)接線原(yuan)理見圖(tu)4。串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有很大的(de)優越性，因為整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)置由幾(ji)臺(tai)單(dan)(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)成(cheng)，單(dan)(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量小、電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)、重量輕，便于運輸(shu)(shu)和(he)安裝(zhuang)。它既然可串接成(cheng)高(gao)出幾(ji)倍的(de)單(dan)(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)合使(shi)(shi)用(yong)，又可分開成(cheng)幾(ji)套單(dan)(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單(dan)(dan)獨使(shi)(shi)用(yong)。整(zheng)套裝(zhuang)置投資小，經濟實惠。圖(tu)5中(zhong)，在(zai)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)每個(ge)(ge)單(dan)(dan)元試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)都有一個(ge)(ge)勵(li)(li)(li)磁繞組(zu)A1、C1和(he)A2、C2。在(zai)三(san)臺(tai)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基(ji)本原(yuan)理中(zhong)，低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源加在(zai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)a1x1上，單(dan)(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)輸(shu)(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是(shi)V。勵(li)(li)(li)磁繞組(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)勵(li)(li)(li)磁繞組(zu)A2、C2給第(di)三(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)第(di)三(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)箱(xiang)體(ti)分別(bie)處(chu)在(zai)對地(di)(di)(di)為1V和(he)2V的(de)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位上，所以箱(xiang)體(ti)對地(di)(di)(di)是(shi)絕緣的(de)，試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)箱(xiang)體(ti)是(shi)接地(di)(di)(di)的(de)。這樣**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、第(di)三(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對地(di)(di)(di)的(de)額定(ding)輸(shu)(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分別(bie)為1V、2V、3V；其額定(ding)容量分別(bie)為3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高壓試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓器(qi)做被試(shi)(shi)品的工頻耐壓試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)使用接線原(yuan)理圖(tu)見圖(tu)5。
圖(tu)中：R1—限流電(dian)阻 FRC—阻容分壓器 RF—球間隙保護電(dian)阻 G—球間隙 CX—被試品
注：高(gao)壓(ya)尾必(bi)須可(ke)靠接(jie)地(di)
工頻耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗中限流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)R1應根據試(shi)驗變壓(ya)器的(de)(de)額定(ding)容量(liang)來選(xuan)擇。如高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)側(ce)額定(ding)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流在(zai)100～300mA時，可(ke)取(qu)0.5～1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya))；高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)側(ce)額定(ding)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流為1A以上時，可(ke)取(qu)1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya))。常用水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)作為限流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)，管子長(chang)度可(ke)按150kV/m考(kao)慮，管子粗細應具有(you)足夠(gou)的(de)(de)熱容量(liang)(水阻(zu)液配制(zhi)方法：用蒸餾(liu)水加(jia)入適量(liang)硫酸銅配制(zhi)成各(ge)種(zhong)不同的(de)(de)阻(zu)值)。
球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)及保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)阻：當電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)超過球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)整定值時(一般取(qu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的110%~120%)，球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)放電(dian)(dian)，對被試(shi)(shi)品起到保(bao)護作(zuo)用。球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)阻可按1Ω/V(試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya))選(xuan)取(qu)。
在(zai)工頻(pin)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)中，低(di)(di)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測(ce)量電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不是(shi)非常準確(que)的(de)(de)，其原因是(shi)由于(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)存(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)漏(lou)抗(kang)(kang)，在(zai)這個(ge)漏(lou)抗(kang)(kang)上必然(ran)存(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降或(huo)容(rong)升(sheng)，使(shi)試(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)上的(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)(di)于(yu)或(huo)高于(yu)低(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測(ce)量電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表上反(fan)映出來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工頻(pin)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)，被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)上的(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高于(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)輸出電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也(ye)就是(shi)所謂容(rong)升(sheng)現象。感應耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)，試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)漏(lou)抗(kang)(kang)必然(ran)存(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為了準確(que)測(ce)量被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)上所施加(jia)的(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因此(ci)常在(zai)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)接入FRC阻容(rong)分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)來(lai)(lai)測(ce)量電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖(tu)5)。
工頻耐壓(ya)試驗操作注意事項
1）試驗人員(yuan)應做好分工，明(ming)確相互間聯系方(fang)法。并有專門(men)人監護(hu)現場**及(ji)觀察試品狀(zhuang)態(tai)。
2）被試品應先清掃干凈，并**干燥，以免損壞被試品和試驗帶(dai)來的誤(wu)差。
3）對(dui)于(yu)大(da)型試驗(yan)，一(yi)般都應先(xian)進行空升試驗(yan)。即不接(jie)試品時升壓至試驗(yan)電(dian)壓，校(xiao)對(dui)各種(zhong)表計，調(diao)整球間隙。
4）升壓速度不(bu)(bu)(bu)能太快，并必須防止(zhi)突然(ran)加壓。例如調壓器(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)在零位時(shi)突然(ran)合閘。也不(bu)(bu)(bu)能突然(ran)切(qie)斷(duan)電源，一般應在調壓器(qi)降至零位時(shi)拉閘。
5）當電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)升至試驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時，開始(shi)計時，到(dao)1min后，迅速降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)到(dao)1/3試驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)以(yi)下時，才能拉開電(dian)源。
6）在升壓或耐壓試驗過程中，如(ru)發現下列不(bu)正常情況時，應立即降(jiang)壓，切斷電(dian)源。停止試驗并查明(ming)原因：①電(dian)壓表(biao)指針擺動很(hen)大；②發現絕(jue)緣燒焦或冒煙；③被(bei)試品內有不(bu)正常的聲(sheng)音。
7）耐壓試驗前后(hou)應(ying)測量絕(jue)緣電(dian)阻，檢查絕(jue)緣情況。
試(shi)驗(yan)變壓器在做(zuo)被試(shi)品的直流耐壓或泄露試(shi)驗(yan)時接(jie)線原(yuan)理圖如(ru)圖6。
注：此(ci)試驗應先抽出短路(lu)桿“D”，圖6中所示。
圖中：VD—高壓硅堆(dui) R1—限(xian)流電阻(zu) C1—高壓濾波電容 FRC—阻(zu)容分(fen)壓器 CX—被試品 μA—帶保(bao)護微(wei)安表(biao)
泄露試(shi)(shi)驗中(zhong)限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)R1選擇在(zai)額定輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時(shi)，輸出(chu)端短路電(dian)(dian)流(liu)不超過高壓(ya)硅堆的*大(da)整(zheng)流(liu)。如電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)硅堆的*大(da)整(zheng)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)為100mA時(shi)用(yong)于60kV的試(shi)(shi)驗裝置中(zhong)，限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇。限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)還應具有足夠的容量和沿面放電(dian)(dian)距離(li)。
高壓濾波(bo)電容C1一般選擇(ze)在(zai)0.01~0.1μF，當被試品(pin)的電容量(liang)很大時，C1可省略(lve)不用。
泄露試(shi)驗的操(cao)作及注意事項
1）試驗(yan)前(qian)應先(xian)檢查被試品(pin)是否停(ting)電(dian)，接地放電(dian)，一(yi)切對外(wai)連線(xian)是否擦干凈。要嚴(yan)防將試驗(yan)電(dian)壓加到有人(ren)工(gong)作的(de)部位上(shang)去。
2）接好試(shi)驗(yan)裝置的接線后，應復查(cha)(cha)無誤后才可加(jia)壓(ya)。應特(te)別注意檢查(cha)(cha)高壓(ya)設備及引(yin)線與地、與操作人員(yuan)的**距離，被試(shi)品(pin)的外殼是否(fou)可靠接地，要按**規(gui)(gui)程中所規(gui)(gui)定(ding)的內容進行試(shi)驗(yan)。
3）對于大電(dian)容量設備應緩慢升壓(ya)，防止(zhi)被試品的充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)燒壞(huai)微安表。必(bi)要(yao)時應分(fen)級加壓(ya)，分(fen)別(bie)讀(du)取各級電(dian)壓(ya)下微安表的穩定讀(du)數。
4）試(shi)(shi)驗過程中，應密切監視被試(shi)(shi)品、試(shi)(shi)驗裝置、微安表(biao)，一旦發生擊穿、閃爍等異常現象應立即(ji)降壓，切斷(duan)電(dian)源，并查明原因，詳細(xi)記(ji)錄。
5）試(shi)驗完畢，降壓，切斷(duan)電(dian)源后應將被試(shi)品及試(shi)驗裝置(zhi)本(ben)身充分放電(dian)。
四、WBTQSB-100KVA/300KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器注意事項
1、按照您(nin)所進行的(de)試(shi)驗(yan)接(jie)(jie)好(hao)工作線路。試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)外(wai)殼以及(ji)操(cao)作系統的(de)外(wai)殼必須可(ke)靠(kao)接(jie)(jie)地。試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)高(gao)壓(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)的(de)X端(duan)(高(gao)壓(ya)尾)以及(ji)測量繞(rao)組(zu)的(de)F端(duan)必須可(ke)靠(kao)接(jie)(jie)地。
2、做(zuo)串級(ji)(ji)試驗時(shi)，**級(ji)(ji)、第(di)三級(ji)(ji)試驗變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的低(di)壓(ya)繞組(zu)的X端，測量繞組(zu)的F端以及高壓(ya)繞組(zu)的X端(高壓(ya)尾(wei))均(jun)接本(ben)級(ji)(ji)試驗變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的外殼(ke)(ke)。**級(ji)(ji)、第(di)三級(ji)(ji)試驗變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的外殼(ke)(ke)必須通過(guo)絕緣支架(jia)接地。
3、接通電源前，操作(zuo)系統的調(diao)壓器必須調(diao)到零位后方(fang)可接通電源，合閘，開始(shi)升壓。
4、從零開始均(jun)勻旋轉調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器手輪升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方法(fa)(fa)有：快速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)，即(ji)20s逐級升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)；慢速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)，即(ji)60s逐級升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)；極慢速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)供選用。電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)從零開始按一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方式和速(su)度(du)上(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)您所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)試(shi)(shi)驗電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)75%后，在(zai)以(yi)每秒2%額定(ding)試(shi)(shi)驗電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)度(du)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)您所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，并密切注(zhu)意測量(liang)儀(yi)表的(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)示(shi)以(yi)及被(bei)試(shi)(shi)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過程中或試(shi)(shi)驗過程中如發現(xian)測量(liang)儀(yi)表的(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)示(shi)及被(bei)試(shi)(shi)品情況(kuang)異常(chang)，應(ying)立即(ji)降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，切斷(duan)電(dian)源，查明情況(kuang)。
5、試(shi)驗完(wan)畢(bi)后，應在數秒內(nei)勻速的(de)將調壓器返(fan)回(hui)至零位，然后切斷電(dian)源。
6、本(ben)產品不得超過額定參數使(shi)用。除(chu)試驗必須外，決不允許全電壓通(tong)電或斷(duan)電。
7、再升壓(ya)或耐(nai)壓(ya)試驗過程中，如發現以下不(bu)正常情(qing)況時，應立即降(jiang)壓(ya)，切斷(duan)電源，停止試驗并查明(ming)原因。
⑴電(dian)壓表指針擺(bai)動(或數(shu)字跳動)很大
⑵電流表直(zhi)線上升
被試品(pin)內(nei)有不(bu)正常的聲音
8、圖(tu)1中第9項系壓(ya)力閥(fa)(fa)及壓(ya)力表，為(wei)長期關閉狀態。每6個(ge)月(yue)開(kai)閥(fa)(fa)一次，以檢(jian)查SF6壓(ya)力，應(ying)不(bu)小于0.2MPa(檢(jian)查壓(ya)力后立即關閉閥(fa)(fa)門)，低于0.2MPa時應(ying)加SF6氣體，以增加氣絕緣(yuan)。
9、耐壓實驗前后應測量被試設備的絕(jue)緣(yuan)電阻(zu)，檢(jian)查絕(jue)緣(yuan)情(qing)況。
10、當試驗變壓器(qi)長(chang)期不使用時，應(ying)放(fang)置(zhi)于(yu)通風、干燥(zao)、無陽(yang)光直(zhi)射的地(di)方。
11、該產品不(bu)允許在高于45℃的溫度下長(chang)期(qi)存(cun)放、使用、放氣。
12、運輸(shu)搬運途中不(bu)得重力沖擊。
13、產品緊固件及壓力閥、壓力表不得擅自松動。
14、使用(yong)本產品做高壓(ya)試(shi)驗時，出熟悉本說明書外，還必須嚴格(ge)執(zhi)行國家有關標準和操作規(gui)程(cheng)。可參照GB311-83《高壓(ya)輸變設備的絕緣(yuan)配合，高壓(ya)試(shi)驗技(ji)術》；《電氣(qi)設備預防性試(shi)驗規(gui)程(cheng)》等(deng)。
五、WBTQSB-100KVA/300KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器容量選擇
標稱試驗變壓器容量(liang)Pn的確定公(gong)式(shi)：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中：
Pn——標稱試(shi)驗變壓器容(rong)量(kVA)
Vn——試驗變壓器的額定輸出高壓的有效值(kV)
k ——**系數。k≥1，標(biao)稱電壓Vn≥1MV時(shi)，k=2；標(biao)稱電壓較低時(shi)，k值(zhi)可取高一些。
Ct——被試(shi)品的電容量(pF)
ω——角頻(pin)率(lv)，ω=2πf， f——試驗(yan)電源的頻(pin)率(lv)
被試設備的電(dian)容量Ct可由交流電(dian)橋測出。Ct的變化(hua)很大，
可由設備(bei)的類型而定。
典型數據如下：
簡單的棒式(shi)或懸(xuan)式(shi)絕緣子 幾十微法
簡單的分(fen)級套(tao)管 100～1000pF
電壓互感器(qi) 200 ～ 500pF
電力變壓器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓電力電纜和油(you)浸紙絕緣 250～300pF/m
氣體絕緣 ～60pF/m
封閉變電(dian)站，SF6氣(qi)體絕緣 100～10000Pf;
對于不同的試驗電壓Vn，選擇(ze)不同的(適當的)**系數k。
以下列出(chu)不同的Vn所(suo)選用的k值供參考。
Vn =50~100kV ; k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2