一、WBTQSB-3KVA/50KV交直流高壓發生器概述
YDQ系列高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)是(shi)根據《試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)》標準，在(zai)油浸式試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)基礎(chu)上而(er)設(she)計生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)。SF6氣(qi)體具(ju)有良好的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)性能(neng)及(ji)優(you)異的(de)滅弧性能(neng)，其耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強度為同一(yi)(yi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力下(xia)(xia)氮氣(qi)的(de)2.5倍，擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)空(kong)氣(qi)的(de)2.5倍。在(zai)0.25MPa下(xia)(xia)與油的(de)擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)相(xiang)等，在(zai)0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力下(xia)(xia)是(shi)油的(de)擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)2倍，是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種優(you)于(yu)(yu)油的(de)新(xin)一(yi)(yi)代超高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)介質材(cai)料。該產(chan)品技術(shu)要求完全符合《ZBK-41006-89》標準，它是(shi)油浸式輕(qing)型試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)換代產(chan)品。該產(chan)品具(ju)有體積小、重(zhong)量(liang)輕(qing)、不受氣(qi)候變化(hua)影響、電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈小、現場搬運無需靜止可(ke)使(shi)用(yong)，使(shi)用(yong)壽命長、免維修(xiu)等特點。適用(yong)于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統、工(gong)礦企業(ye)、科(ke)研部門等對各種高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備、電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)元件、絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)材(cai)料進行工(gong)頻或直流高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下(xia)(xia)的(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)強度試(shi)(shi)驗。
二、WBTQSB-3KVA/50KV交直流高壓發生器產品結構
YDQ系列(lie)高(gao)壓試驗變壓器(qi)采用單框(kuang)芯式鐵芯結構(gou)，初(chu)級(ji)繞(rao)組繞(rao)在鐵芯上(shang)(shang)，高(gao)壓繞(rao)組在外(wai)(wai)，這(zhe)種同軸(zhou)布置減(jian)少了(le)(le)漏磁通，因(yin)而增大了(le)(le)繞(rao)組間的耦合。產(chan)品的外(wai)(wai)殼為圓柱灌式容器(qi)結構(gou)，能耐(nai)受0.8MPa以(yi)上(shang)(shang)壓力。其結構(gou)見圖1：
三、WBTQSB-3KVA/50KV交直流高壓發生器工作原理
YDQ系列高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)為單相變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)，聯(lian)結組標(biao)號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用工(gong)頻220V(10kVA以上(shang)為380V)電(dian)(dian)源接(jie)入 (為本(ben)公司生產的試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)配套專(zhuan)用設備，詳細(xi)資料(liao)請(qing)見其具體使用說(shuo)明書)系列操作(zuo)箱(xiang)(臺)，經操作(zuo)箱(xiang)內自偶調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(50kVA以上(shang)調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)外(wai)附)調(diao)節至0～200V(或0～400V)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)輸(shu)出(chu)至YDQ試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的初級繞組，根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)磁感應原理(li)，在(zai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)繞組可獲(huo)得試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)所需的高電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。
單臺YDQ系(xi)列高壓試驗變壓器(qi)的工作(zuo)原理圖(tu)(tu)見圖(tu)(tu)2。
單臺YDQ系列交直流(liu)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)試驗變壓(ya)器的工(gong)作(zuo)原(yuan)理圖(tu)(tu)見圖(tu)(tu)3，圖(tu)(tu)中(zhong)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)套管中(zhong)裝有(you)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)硅(gui)堆，串接在高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)回路中(zhong)作(zuo)半(ban)波整流(liu)，以獲得直流(liu)高(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)。當用一短路桿(gan)將高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)硅(gui)堆短接時，可獲得工(gong)頻高(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)，作(zuo)為(wei)交流(liu)輸出狀態(tai)；取消短路桿(gan)時，作(zuo)為(wei)直流(liu)輸出狀態(tai)。
試驗變壓器高(gao)壓套管(guan)中的高(gao)壓硅堆未(wei)畫出(chu)，其原理與上圖相同。
三臺(tai)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)獲得更高(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)接線(xian)原理見圖4。串級(ji)(ji)(ji)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有很大的(de)(de)優越性，因為(wei)(wei)整(zheng)個(ge)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)置由幾臺(tai)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)，單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量小、電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量輕，便于運輸和(he)安裝(zhuang)。它既然可串接成(cheng)高(gao)(gao)出(chu)幾倍的(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)(zu)合使用，又(you)可分(fen)開成(cheng)幾套單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)獨(du)使用。整(zheng)套裝(zhuang)置投資小，經濟實惠。圖5中(zhong)，在**級(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)每個(ge)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)元試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)都有一(yi)個(ge)勵磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)A1、C1和(he)A2、C2。在三臺(tai)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基(ji)本原理中(zhong)，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)源(yuan)加(jia)在試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)a1x1上，單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)輸出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是(shi)V。勵磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)A1、C1給(gei)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)勵磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)A2、C2給(gei)第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)箱(xiang)體分(fen)別(bie)處(chu)在對地(di)為(wei)(wei)1V和(he)2V的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)電(dian)位上，所(suo)以箱(xiang)體對地(di)是(shi)絕(jue)緣的(de)(de)，試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)箱(xiang)體是(shi)接地(di)的(de)(de)。這樣**級(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對地(di)的(de)(de)額定輸出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分(fen)別(bie)為(wei)(wei)1V、2V、3V；其(qi)額定容量分(fen)別(bie)為(wei)(wei)3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器做被(bei)試品(pin)的工頻耐壓(ya)試驗(yan)使(shi)用接線原理圖(tu)見圖(tu)5。
圖中：R1—限(xian)流電阻 FRC—阻容(rong)分(fen)壓器 RF—球間隙(xi)保護電阻 G—球間隙(xi) CX—被(bei)試品(pin)
注(zhu)：高(gao)壓(ya)尾必須可(ke)靠接地
工頻耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)中限流(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻R1應根據(ju)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)額定容量來(lai)選(xuan)擇。如高壓(ya)(ya)側額定輸(shu)出電(dian)流(liu)(liu)在(zai)100～300mA時，可取0.5～1Ω/V(試驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya))；高壓(ya)(ya)側額定輸(shu)出電(dian)流(liu)(liu)為1A以上(shang)時，可取1Ω/V(試驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya))。常用水(shui)電(dian)阻作為限流(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻，管(guan)子長度可按150kV/m考(kao)慮，管(guan)子粗細(xi)應具有(you)足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)熱容量(水(shui)阻液配(pei)制(zhi)方法：用蒸(zheng)餾水(shui)加入適量硫酸(suan)銅配(pei)制(zhi)成各種(zhong)不同的(de)阻值)。
球(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)及(ji)保護電(dian)(dian)阻：當電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)超(chao)過(guo)球(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)整(zheng)定值時(shi)(一(yi)般取(qu)試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的110%~120%)，球(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)，對被試(shi)品起(qi)到保護作用。球(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)保護電(dian)(dian)阻可(ke)按1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya))選取(qu)。
在工(gong)頻耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)中，低(di)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測量電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不(bu)是非常(chang)準(zhun)確的(de)(de)，其原(yuan)因是由于(yu)(yu)試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器存在著漏(lou)抗(kang)，在這(zhe)個漏(lou)抗(kang)上必然存在著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降或容(rong)(rong)升，使試品上的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)于(yu)(yu)或高于(yu)(yu)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測量電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表上反映出來(lai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工(gong)頻耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)，被試品上的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高于(yu)(yu)試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就是所謂容(rong)(rong)升現象。感應(ying)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)，試驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)漏(lou)抗(kang)必然存在著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為了準(zhun)確測量被試品上所施加(jia)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因此常(chang)在高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)接入FRC阻容(rong)(rong)分(fen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器來(lai)測量電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖5)。
工頻耐壓試驗操作注意事項
1）試驗人(ren)員應做好分工，明確相互間聯系方法。并(bing)有專門人(ren)監(jian)護現場(chang)**及觀察試品狀(zhuang)態。
2）被(bei)試(shi)(shi)品(pin)應先(xian)清(qing)掃(sao)干(gan)凈，并**干(gan)燥，以(yi)免損壞被(bei)試(shi)(shi)品(pin)和試(shi)(shi)驗帶來的(de)誤(wu)差(cha)。
3）對于大型試驗，一般都應先進行空(kong)升(sheng)試驗。即不接(jie)試品時升(sheng)壓至試驗電壓，校對各種表(biao)計，調整球(qiu)間隙。
4）升(sheng)壓(ya)速度不(bu)能太快，并必須(xu)防(fang)止突然(ran)加(jia)壓(ya)。例如調壓(ya)器不(bu)在零(ling)位時突然(ran)合閘(zha)。也不(bu)能突然(ran)切斷電源，一般應(ying)在調壓(ya)器降至零(ling)位時拉閘(zha)。
5）當電(dian)壓(ya)升至試驗電(dian)壓(ya)時(shi)，開始計時(shi)，到1min后，迅速降壓(ya)到1/3試驗電(dian)壓(ya)以下時(shi)，才能拉開電(dian)源。
6）在升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)或(huo)耐壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)過程中，如發(fa)(fa)現(xian)下列不(bu)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)情況(kuang)時，應立(li)即降壓(ya)(ya)，切斷電(dian)源。停(ting)止(zhi)試(shi)驗(yan)并查明(ming)原因：①電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)表指針(zhen)擺動很大(da)；②發(fa)(fa)現(xian)絕(jue)緣(yuan)燒(shao)焦或(huo)冒煙；③被試(shi)品內有不(bu)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)的(de)聲音。
7）耐壓(ya)試驗前后應測量絕緣電(dian)阻(zu)，檢查絕緣情(qing)況。
試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器在做被(bei)試(shi)品的直流(liu)耐壓(ya)或(huo)泄露試(shi)驗(yan)時接(jie)線原理圖(tu)如圖(tu)6。
注：此試驗應先抽出短(duan)路桿“D”，圖(tu)6中所(suo)示。
圖中：VD—高壓(ya)硅堆 R1—限流(liu)電(dian)阻(zu) C1—高壓(ya)濾(lv)波電(dian)容 FRC—阻(zu)容分壓(ya)器 CX—被試(shi)品 μA—帶保護微安表
泄(xie)露試驗(yan)中限(xian)流電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)R1選擇在額定輸出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)，輸出(chu)端短(duan)路電(dian)流不超(chao)過高壓(ya)(ya)硅堆(dui)的(de)(de)*大整(zheng)流。如電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)硅堆(dui)的(de)(de)*大整(zheng)流電(dian)流為100mA時(shi)用于60kV的(de)(de)試驗(yan)裝置中，限(xian)流電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇。限(xian)流電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)還(huan)應具有足夠的(de)(de)容量和(he)沿(yan)面放(fang)電(dian)距離。
高壓濾波電容C1一般選擇在0.01~0.1μF，當(dang)被試品的(de)電容量很大時，C1可(ke)省略不用。
泄(xie)露(lu)試驗的操作及注意事項
1）試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)前(qian)應(ying)先(xian)檢查(cha)被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)是否(fou)停電(dian)，接地放電(dian)，一切對外(wai)連(lian)線是否(fou)擦干凈。要嚴(yan)防將試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓加到有人工(gong)作(zuo)的部(bu)位上去。
2）接好試驗裝(zhuang)置的(de)接線后(hou)，應(ying)復(fu)查無誤后(hou)才可加壓。應(ying)特別注(zhu)意檢查高壓設備及(ji)引線與(yu)地(di)、與(yu)操作(zuo)人員的(de)**距離(li)，被(bei)試品的(de)外殼是否可靠接地(di)，要按(an)**規(gui)(gui)程中所(suo)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)的(de)內(nei)容進行試驗。
3）對于大電(dian)容量設備應緩(huan)慢(man)升壓，防止被試品的(de)充電(dian)電(dian)流燒壞微(wei)安表(biao)。必要時應分(fen)級加壓，分(fen)別讀(du)取各級電(dian)壓下微(wei)安表(biao)的(de)穩定(ding)讀(du)數。
4）試驗過(guo)程中，應密切監視被試品、試驗裝置、微安表，一旦發生(sheng)擊穿、閃爍等異常現象應立即(ji)降壓，切斷電源，并查明原因，詳細記錄(lu)。
5）試驗完畢，降壓，切斷電(dian)源后應(ying)將(jiang)被(bei)試品及試驗裝置本身充分放電(dian)。
四、WBTQSB-3KVA/50KV交直流高壓發生器注意事項
1、按(an)照您所進行的(de)(de)試驗(yan)接好工作線路。試驗(yan)變壓器的(de)(de)外殼以及操作系統(tong)的(de)(de)外殼必須(xu)可(ke)靠接地。試驗(yan)變壓器高(gao)壓繞(rao)組的(de)(de)X端(高(gao)壓尾)以及測(ce)量繞(rao)組的(de)(de)F端必須(xu)可(ke)靠接地。
2、做串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時(shi)，**級(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)繞組的(de)(de)(de)X端(duan)，測量繞組的(de)(de)(de)F端(duan)以(yi)及高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)繞組的(de)(de)(de)X端(duan)(高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)尾)均接(jie)本級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)殼。**級(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)殼必須通(tong)過絕(jue)緣支架接(jie)地。
3、接通電源(yuan)前，操作系統的調壓器(qi)必須調到零位(wei)后方可接通電源(yuan)，合閘，開始(shi)升(sheng)壓。
4、從零(ling)開(kai)始均勻旋轉調壓器(qi)手(shou)輪(lun)升(sheng)壓。升(sheng)壓方法(fa)有：快速升(sheng)壓法(fa)，即(ji)20s逐(zhu)級升(sheng)壓法(fa)；慢速升(sheng)壓法(fa)，即(ji)60s逐(zhu)級升(sheng)壓法(fa)；極慢速升(sheng)壓法(fa)供選(xuan)用(yong)。電(dian)(dian)壓從零(ling)開(kai)始按一(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)升(sheng)壓方式(shi)和速度上升(sheng)到您(nin)所需的(de)(de)額定(ding)(ding)試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)75%后，在(zai)以每秒2%額定(ding)(ding)試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)速度升(sheng)到您(nin)所需的(de)(de)額定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓，并密切注意測量(liang)儀表的(de)(de)指示以及被試(shi)品的(de)(de)情況(kuang)。升(sheng)壓過程中(zhong)或試(shi)驗過程中(zhong)如發現測量(liang)儀表的(de)(de)指示及被試(shi)品情況(kuang)異常，應立即(ji)降壓，切斷電(dian)(dian)源，查明情況(kuang)。
5、試驗完畢后，應在數秒內(nei)勻速的將調壓器返(fan)回至零位，然(ran)后切斷(duan)電(dian)源(yuan)。
6、本產品不(bu)得超過額(e)定參數使用。除試驗必須外，決不(bu)允許全電壓通電或斷(duan)電。
7、再升壓(ya)(ya)或耐壓(ya)(ya)試驗過程(cheng)中，如(ru)發現以下不正常情況(kuang)時，應立即降壓(ya)(ya)，切斷電源，停止試驗并查明原因。
⑴電(dian)壓(ya)表指針(zhen)擺動(dong)(或數字跳(tiao)動(dong))很大
⑵電流表直線上升(sheng)
被試品內有不正常的聲音
8、圖1中第9項系(xi)壓(ya)力(li)(li)閥(fa)及壓(ya)力(li)(li)表(biao)，為(wei)長期關閉(bi)狀態。每6個(ge)月(yue)開閥(fa)一次(ci)，以檢查SF6壓(ya)力(li)(li)，應不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)0.2MPa(檢查壓(ya)力(li)(li)后立即關閉(bi)閥(fa)門(men))，低于(yu)0.2MPa時應加(jia)SF6氣體，以增加(jia)氣絕緣。
9、耐(nai)壓實驗(yan)前(qian)后應測(ce)量被試設備(bei)的(de)絕(jue)緣電阻，檢查絕(jue)緣情況。
10、當試驗變(bian)壓器長期不使(shi)用時，應放置于(yu)通風、干燥、無陽光(guang)直射的地(di)方(fang)。
11、該(gai)產品不允許在高于45℃的溫度下(xia)長期存放、使用(yong)、放氣。
12、運(yun)輸搬(ban)運(yun)途中不(bu)得重力沖擊。
13、產品緊固件(jian)及壓力閥、壓力表不得擅(shan)自松動。
14、使用(yong)本產品(pin)做(zuo)高壓(ya)試驗時(shi)，出熟悉本說明書(shu)外(wai)，還必(bi)須嚴格執行國家有關標準(zhun)和操(cao)作規(gui)程。可參照GB311-83《高壓(ya)輸變(bian)設備的絕緣配合，高壓(ya)試驗技術》；《電氣設備預防性(xing)試驗規(gui)程》等。
五、WBTQSB-3KVA/50KV交直流高壓發生器容量選擇
標稱試驗變壓器容量(liang)Pn的確(que)定公(gong)式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中：
Pn——標稱試驗(yan)變壓器(qi)容量(kVA)
Vn——試驗變壓(ya)器的額定輸出高壓(ya)的有(you)效值(kV)
k ——**系數。k≥1，標稱(cheng)電壓Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標稱(cheng)電壓較低時，k值可取高一些(xie)。
Ct——被試品的電容量(pF)
ω——角頻率，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源的頻率
被試設備的(de)電(dian)容量Ct可由交流電(dian)橋(qiao)測出。Ct的(de)變化很(hen)大，
可(ke)由設備的類型而定。
典型數(shu)據如下：
簡單的棒式(shi)或懸式(shi)絕緣子 幾十微法
簡單的分級(ji)套管 100～1000pF
電壓互感器 200 ～ 500pF
電力變壓器(qi) < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓電(dian)力電(dian)纜和油浸紙絕緣 250～300pF/m
氣體絕緣 ～60pF/m
封閉變(bian)電站，SF6氣(qi)體絕緣 ; 100～10000Pf;
對于不(bu)同的試驗電壓Vn，選擇不(bu)同的(適當(dang)的)**系數k。
以下(xia)列出不同的Vn所選用的k值供參考。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2