一(yi)、WBYD-150KVA/300KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器概述

YDQ系列高(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器是(shi)根(gen)據《試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器》標準(zhun)，在油(you)浸式(shi)試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)基礎(chu)上(shang)而設(she)計生產的(de)。SF6氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體具有(you)(you)良好(hao)的(de)電氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)絕緣(yuan)性(xing)能及優異的(de)滅弧性(xing)能，其耐壓(ya)強(qiang)度為同(tong)一(yi)壓(ya)力下(xia)(xia)氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)2.5倍，擊(ji)穿(chuan)電壓(ya)的(de)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)2.5倍。在0.25MPa下(xia)(xia)與油(you)的(de)擊(ji)穿(chuan)電壓(ya)相等，在0.45MPa壓(ya)力下(xia)(xia)是(shi)油(you)的(de)擊(ji)穿(chuan)電壓(ya)的(de)2倍，是(shi)一(yi)種優于油(you)的(de)新一(yi)代超高(gao)壓(ya)絕緣(yuan)介質材料(liao)。該產品(pin)技術要求完全符合《ZBK-41006-89》標準(zhun)，它是(shi)油(you)浸式(shi)輕(qing)型試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)換代產品(pin)。該產品(pin)具有(you)(you)體積(ji)小、重量(liang)輕(qing)、不(bu)受氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候變(bian)(bian)(bian)化影響、電暈小、現場搬運(yun)無(wu)需靜止可使(shi)(shi)用(yong)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)長、免維(wei)修(xiu)等特點。適用(yong)于電力系統、工(gong)礦企業、科(ke)研部門等對各種高(gao)壓(ya)電氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)設(she)備、電氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)元件、絕緣(yuan)材料(liao)進行工(gong)頻或直流高(gao)壓(ya)下(xia)(xia)的(de)絕緣(yuan)強(qiang)度試(shi)(shi)驗。

二、WBYD-150KVA/300KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器產品結構

YDQ系列高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器采用單框芯(xin)式鐵芯(xin)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)，初級繞組繞在鐵芯(xin)上，高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)繞組在外，這種同軸布置減少了(le)漏(lou)磁通(tong)，因而增大了(le)繞組間的耦(ou)合(he)。產品的外殼為圓柱(zhu)灌式容器結(jie)構(gou)(gou)，能耐受(shou)0.8MPa以上壓(ya)力。其結(jie)構(gou)(gou)見圖(tu)1：

三、WBYD-150KVA/300KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器工作原理

YDQ系列高壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)為單相變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)，聯(lian)結組標號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用工頻220V(10kVA以上為380V)電(dian)源接入 (為本公(gong)司生產的(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)配套專(zhuan)用設(she)備，詳(xiang)細資料請見其具體(ti)使用說明書)系列操作箱(xiang)(臺)，經操作箱(xiang)內自偶調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(50kVA以上調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)外附)調(diao)(diao)節至0～200V(或(huo)0～400V)電(dian)壓(ya)輸(shu)出至YDQ試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)初級繞組，根據電(dian)磁感應原理，在試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)高壓(ya)繞組可獲(huo)得試(shi)(shi)驗所(suo)需的(de)(de)高電(dian)壓(ya)。

單臺YDQ系列高壓試驗變壓器的工作原理圖見(jian)圖2。

單臺(tai)YDQ系列交直(zhi)流(liu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)工作(zuo)原理圖見(jian)圖3，圖中(zhong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)套管中(zhong)裝有高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)硅(gui)(gui)堆，串接(jie)在高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)回路中(zhong)作(zuo)半波整流(liu)，以獲得直(zhi)流(liu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。當用一短(duan)(duan)路桿(gan)將高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)硅(gui)(gui)堆短(duan)(duan)接(jie)時，可獲得工頻高(gao)(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，作(zuo)為交流(liu)輸出(chu)狀態；取(qu)消短(duan)(duan)路桿(gan)時，作(zuo)為直(zhi)流(liu)輸出(chu)狀態。

試驗變壓(ya)器高壓(ya)套管(guan)中的(de)高壓(ya)硅堆(dui)未畫(hua)出，其原理與上(shang)圖相同。

三(san)(san)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)獲得更高電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接線原(yuan)理(li)見圖(tu)4。串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優越性，因為(wei)(wei)整個試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)置由幾臺(tai)(tai)(tai)單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成，單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量小、電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量輕，便(bian)于運輸和(he)安(an)裝(zhuang)。它既然可(ke)串接成高出幾倍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸出電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)(zu)(zu)合使用，又可(ke)分(fen)(fen)開成幾套單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單(dan)獨使用。整套裝(zhuang)置投(tou)資小，經濟實惠。圖(tu)5中，在**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每個單(dan)元試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中都(dou)有一個勵(li)(li)磁繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)A1、C1和(he)A2、C2。在三(san)(san)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基本(ben)原(yuan)理(li)中，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)源加(jia)在試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)a1x1上，單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都(dou)是(shi)V。勵(li)(li)磁繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)A1、C1給(gei)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)供電(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勵(li)(li)磁繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)A2、C2給(gei)第(di)(di)三(san)(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)供電(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)第(di)(di)三(san)(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)箱體(ti)分(fen)(fen)別處在對地為(wei)(wei)1V和(he)2V的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高電(dian)位上，所以箱體(ti)對地是(shi)絕緣(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)箱體(ti)是(shi)接地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。這樣(yang)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、第(di)(di)三(san)(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額(e)定(ding)輸出電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分(fen)(fen)別為(wei)(wei)1V、2V、3V；其額(e)定(ding)容量分(fen)(fen)別為(wei)(wei)3P、2P、1P。

YDQ系列高壓試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓器(qi)做被試(shi)品(pin)的工頻耐(nai)壓試(shi)驗(yan)使用接線原(yuan)理圖見圖5。

圖中(zhong)：R1—限(xian)流電阻(zu)       FRC—阻(zu)容(rong)分壓(ya)器     RF—球間(jian)隙(xi)保護(hu)電阻(zu)     G—球間(jian)隙(xi)          CX—被試品

注：高壓尾必須可靠接地(di)

工(gong)頻(pin)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)中限流電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)R1應根據試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的額定容(rong)量來選擇。如高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側額定輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流在100～300mA時，可(ke)取0.5～1Ω/V(試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))；高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側額定輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)1A以上時，可(ke)取1Ω/V(試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))。常用水電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)作為(wei)限流電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)，管子長(chang)度可(ke)按(an)150kV/m考慮，管子粗細應具有足(zu)夠的熱容(rong)量(水阻(zu)液配制方法(fa)：用蒸(zheng)餾水加入適量硫酸銅(tong)配制成各(ge)種不同(tong)的阻(zu)值)。

球(qiu)間(jian)(jian)隙及保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)阻：當電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)超過球(qiu)間(jian)(jian)隙整定(ding)值時(一般取(qu)試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的110%~120%)，球(qiu)間(jian)(jian)隙放(fang)電(dian)(dian)，對(dui)被(bei)試(shi)品(pin)起(qi)到保(bao)護(hu)作用。球(qiu)間(jian)(jian)隙保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)阻可按1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya))選取(qu)。

在(zai)(zai)(zai)工頻(pin)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)中(zhong)，低電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)(ce)測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表(biao)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))不是非常準(zhun)確(que)的，其原因是由于(yu)試驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)漏(lou)抗，在(zai)(zai)(zai)這個漏(lou)抗上必然存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降或(huo)容升，使試品上的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)低于(yu)或(huo)高(gao)于(yu)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)(ce)測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)表(biao)上反映(ying)出來(lai)的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。工頻(pin)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)時，被(bei)試品上的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)于(yu)試驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的輸出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，也(ye)就是所謂(wei)容升現象。感應(ying)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)時，試驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的漏(lou)抗必然存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為(wei)了準(zhun)確(que)測量(liang)被(bei)試品上所施加的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，因此常在(zai)(zai)(zai)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)(ce)接入(ru)FRC阻容分(fen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器來(lai)測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖(tu)5)。

工(gong)頻耐壓試驗操作(zuo)注意事項

1）試驗(yan)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)應做好分工，明確相互(hu)間聯系方法。并(bing)有專門(men)人(ren)(ren)監護現場**及觀察試品狀態(tai)。

2）被試(shi)品應先清掃干(gan)凈，并(bing)**干(gan)燥，以免(mian)損壞被試(shi)品和(he)試(shi)驗帶來的誤差。

3）對于大型試驗(yan)(yan)，一般都應先(xian)進行空升試驗(yan)(yan)。即不接試品(pin)時升壓(ya)至(zhi)試驗(yan)(yan)電壓(ya)，校(xiao)對各種表計，調整球(qiu)間隙。

4）升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)速度(du)不能太快，并必須防止突然(ran)(ran)加壓(ya)(ya)。例如調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器不在(zai)零(ling)位(wei)時(shi)突然(ran)(ran)合閘(zha)。也不能突然(ran)(ran)切斷電源，一般(ban)應在(zai)調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器降至零(ling)位(wei)時(shi)拉閘(zha)。

5）當電壓(ya)升至試驗(yan)電壓(ya)時，開始計時，到1min后，迅速降壓(ya)到1/3試驗(yan)電壓(ya)以下時，才能(neng)拉開電源。

6）在(zai)升(sheng)壓(ya)或(huo)耐(nai)壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)過程中，如(ru)發(fa)現(xian)下列不正常情況時，應立即降壓(ya)，切(qie)斷電源。停止試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)并查(cha)明原因：①電壓(ya)表指針擺動(dong)很大；②發(fa)現(xian)絕緣燒(shao)焦或(huo)冒煙；③被試(shi)品內(nei)有不正常的聲音。

7）耐(nai)壓(ya)試驗前后應測量(liang)絕緣(yuan)電阻，檢查絕緣(yuan)情況(kuang)。

試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓器在做被試(shi)(shi)品的直流耐壓或泄露試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時接線原(yuan)理圖(tu)如圖(tu)6。

注：此試驗(yan)應先抽出短(duan)路桿“D”，圖6中所示(shi)。

圖中：VD—高壓硅堆(dui)     R1—限流電阻      C1—高壓濾(lv)波電容    FRC—阻容分壓器     CX—被(bei)試品    μA—帶保(bao)護微安表(biao)

泄露(lu)試驗中(zhong)限(xian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)R1選擇在額定輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時，輸(shu)出(chu)端(duan)短路電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不(bu)超過高壓(ya)硅(gui)堆的(de)(de)*大(da)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)。如電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)硅(gui)堆的(de)(de)*大(da)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)為100mA時用于60kV的(de)(de)試驗裝置中(zhong)，限(xian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)按(an)R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇。限(xian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)還應(ying)具有足夠(gou)的(de)(de)容量和沿面放(fang)電(dian)(dian)距離(li)。

高壓濾波電(dian)(dian)容(rong)C1一般選擇(ze)在0.01~0.1μF，當被試(shi)品的電(dian)(dian)容(rong)量(liang)很大時，C1可省略不用。

泄露試驗的操作及注(zhu)意(yi)事(shi)項

1）試(shi)(shi)驗前應先(xian)檢查被試(shi)(shi)品是否停電(dian)，接(jie)地(di)放電(dian)，一切(qie)對外連線是否擦干凈(jing)。要嚴防將試(shi)(shi)驗電(dian)壓加到有(you)人工作的(de)部(bu)位上去。

2）接好試驗裝置的接線(xian)后(hou)，應復(fu)查(cha)無(wu)誤后(hou)才可加壓。應特別注意檢查(cha)高(gao)壓設備(bei)及(ji)引(yin)線(xian)與(yu)地(di)、與(yu)操(cao)作人員的**距離，被試品的外殼是(shi)否可靠接地(di)，要按**規(gui)程(cheng)中所規(gui)定(ding)的內(nei)容進行試驗。

3）對于大電(dian)(dian)容量設(she)備應緩慢升壓(ya)(ya)，防止被試品的充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流燒壞微(wei)安(an)表。必要時(shi)應分(fen)級加壓(ya)(ya)，分(fen)別讀(du)取各級電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)下微(wei)安(an)表的穩(wen)定讀(du)數。

4）試驗(yan)過程中，應(ying)密切(qie)監視(shi)被(bei)試品(pin)、試驗(yan)裝置、微安表(biao)，一(yi)旦發生擊穿、閃(shan)爍(shuo)等(deng)異常現象應(ying)立即(ji)降(jiang)壓(ya)，切(qie)斷電源，并查明原因，詳(xiang)細(xi)記錄。

5）試驗完畢，降壓，切斷電源后(hou)應(ying)將被試品(pin)及(ji)試驗裝置本身充分放電。

四、WBYD-150KVA/300KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器注意事項

1、按照您所進行(xing)的(de)試驗接(jie)(jie)好工作線路。試驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)外(wai)殼以(yi)及操作系統(tong)的(de)外(wai)殼必須(xu)可靠接(jie)(jie)地。試驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)繞(rao)組的(de)X端(高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)尾)以(yi)及測量繞(rao)組的(de)F端必須(xu)可靠接(jie)(jie)地。

2、做串級(ji)試驗(yan)時，**級(ji)、第三級(ji)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器的低(di)壓(ya)繞組(zu)的X端，測(ce)量繞組(zu)的F端以及高(gao)壓(ya)繞組(zu)的X端(高(gao)壓(ya)尾)均接(jie)本(ben)級(ji)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器的外殼。**級(ji)、第三級(ji)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器的外殼必(bi)須通(tong)過(guo)絕(jue)緣(yuan)支架(jia)接(jie)地(di)。

3、接(jie)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)源前(qian)，操作系統的調(diao)壓(ya)器必須調(diao)到零(ling)位后方可(ke)接(jie)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)源，合閘，開始(shi)升壓(ya)。

4、從(cong)零開始均勻旋(xuan)轉調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器手(shou)輪升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方(fang)法有：快速升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法，即(ji)20s逐級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法；慢速升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法，即(ji)60s逐級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法；極(ji)慢速升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法供選用。電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)從(cong)零開始按一定(ding)(ding)的升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方(fang)式(shi)和速度上升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您所需(xu)的額定(ding)(ding)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的75%后，在以(yi)每秒2%額定(ding)(ding)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的速度升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您所需(xu)的額定(ding)(ding)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，并密(mi)切(qie)注意測量儀表(biao)的指示以(yi)及(ji)被試(shi)品(pin)的情況。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過程中或(huo)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)過程中如發現測量儀表(biao)的指示及(ji)被試(shi)品(pin)情況異(yi)常，應立即(ji)降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，切(qie)斷電(dian)源，查明(ming)情況。

5、試驗完畢(bi)后(hou)，應(ying)在數秒內勻速的將調壓器返回至零(ling)位，然后(hou)切斷(duan)電源。

6、本(ben)產品不得超(chao)過額定參數使用。除試(shi)驗必須外，決(jue)不允許全(quan)電壓通電或(huo)斷(duan)電。

7、再升壓或耐壓試驗(yan)(yan)過程中，如發(fa)現以下不正常情況時，應立即(ji)降壓，切(qie)斷(duan)電源，停止試驗(yan)(yan)并查(cha)明原(yuan)因。

⑴電壓表指針擺動(或數字跳動)很大(da)

⑵電(dian)流(liu)表(biao)直(zhi)線上升

被(bei)試品內有不正常的(de)聲音

8、圖1中第9項系壓(ya)(ya)力(li)閥(fa)及(ji)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)表，為長期關閉狀態(tai)。每(mei)6個月(yue)開閥(fa)一次，以檢查SF6壓(ya)(ya)力(li)，應(ying)不小于0.2MPa(檢查壓(ya)(ya)力(li)后立即關閉閥(fa)門)，低(di)于0.2MPa時(shi)應(ying)加SF6氣體，以增(zeng)加氣絕緣(yuan)。

9、耐壓實驗前后應測量被試設備(bei)的絕(jue)緣電阻(zu)，檢查絕(jue)緣情況。

10、當試(shi)驗變(bian)壓器(qi)長期不使用時(shi)，應放(fang)置于通風、干燥、無陽光直射的(de)地方。

11、該產(chan)品(pin)不(bu)允許在高于45℃的溫度(du)下長期存(cun)放(fang)、使用(yong)、放(fang)氣。

12、運輸搬運途中不得重力(li)沖擊。

13、產品緊固(gu)件(jian)及壓力閥、壓力表不得擅自松(song)動。

14、使用本(ben)產(chan)品做高壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗時，出熟悉本(ben)說(shuo)明書外，還(huan)必須嚴格執行國家(jia)有關標準和操作規程。可參照GB311-83《高壓(ya)輸變設備的絕(jue)緣配合，高壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗技術(shu)》；《電氣設備預防性試(shi)(shi)驗規程》等。

五、WBYD-150KVA/300KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器容量選擇

標(biao)稱試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器容量Pn的確定公式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9

式中：

Pn——標稱(cheng)試驗變(bian)壓器(qi)容量(kVA)

Vn——試驗變壓器的額(e)定(ding)輸(shu)出高壓的有效值(kV)

k ——**系數。k≥1，標稱(cheng)電壓(ya)Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標稱(cheng)電壓(ya)較(jiao)低時，k值(zhi)可(ke)取高一些(xie)。

Ct——被試(shi)品(pin)的電容(rong)量(pF)

ω——角頻(pin)率(lv)，ω=2πf， f——試(shi)驗電源的(de)頻(pin)率(lv)

被試(shi)設備的(de)電容量(liang)Ct可(ke)由交流電橋測出。Ct的(de)變化(hua)很大，

可由(you)設備的類型而定。

典型數據(ju)如下(xia)：

簡(jian)單的棒式(shi)或懸式(shi)絕緣子             幾十微法

簡單的分級套管                     100～1000pF

電壓互感器                         200 ～ 500pF

電力(li)變壓器(qi)       < 1000kVA ～1000pF

> 1000kVA        ;1000～10000pF

高(gao)壓電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜和油浸紙絕緣&nbsp;    &nbsp;     250～300pF/m

氣體絕緣         ;                  ～60pF/m

封閉(bi)變電站，SF6氣(qi)體絕緣            100～10000Pf;

對于不同的試驗電壓Vn，選擇不同的(適當(dang)的)**系數(shu)k。

以下列出不同(tong)的(de)Vn所選用(yong)的(de)k值供參考(kao)。

Vn =50~100kV        k = 4

Vn =150~300kV  &nbsp;    k = 3

Vn > 300kV    &nbsp;     k = 2