一、WBYD-75KVA/150KV交流耐壓發生器概(gai)述(shu)
YDQ系列(lie)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)根據(ju)《試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)》標準(zhun)，在油(you)(you)浸(jin)式(shi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)基(ji)礎上而設(she)(she)計生產(chan)的(de)(de)。SF6氣(qi)體(ti)具有(you)(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)電氣(qi)絕緣性能及優異(yi)的(de)(de)滅弧性能，其(qi)耐壓(ya)(ya)強度為同(tong)一壓(ya)(ya)力下氮氣(qi)的(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)(bei)，擊穿(chuan)電壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)空氣(qi)的(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)(bei)。在0.25MPa下與油(you)(you)的(de)(de)擊穿(chuan)電壓(ya)(ya)相等，在0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)力下是(shi)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)擊穿(chuan)電壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)2倍(bei)(bei)，是(shi)一種優于(yu)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)新一代(dai)超(chao)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)絕緣介質材料。該(gai)產(chan)品(pin)技術(shu)要求完全(quan)符合《ZBK-41006-89》標準(zhun)，它是(shi)油(you)(you)浸(jin)式(shi)輕型試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)換代(dai)產(chan)品(pin)。該(gai)產(chan)品(pin)具有(you)(you)體(ti)積小(xiao)、重量(liang)輕、不受氣(qi)候變化(hua)影(ying)響、電暈小(xiao)、現(xian)場(chang)搬(ban)運無需靜(jing)止可使用(yong)，使用(yong)壽命長(chang)、免維修等特點(dian)。適用(yong)于(yu)電力系統、工礦(kuang)企業、科(ke)研部門等對各種高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電氣(qi)設(she)(she)備、電氣(qi)元件(jian)、絕緣材料進行工頻(pin)或(huo)直流高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)下的(de)(de)絕緣強度試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)。
二、WBYD-75KVA/150KV交流耐壓發生器產品結構
YDQ系列高(gao)壓試驗(yan)變壓器采(cai)用單框芯(xin)式(shi)鐵芯(xin)結構，初(chu)級繞(rao)(rao)組繞(rao)(rao)在(zai)鐵芯(xin)上(shang)(shang)，高(gao)壓繞(rao)(rao)組在(zai)外(wai)，這種同軸布置(zhi)減少了漏磁通，因而增(zeng)大了繞(rao)(rao)組間(jian)的(de)耦合。產品的(de)外(wai)殼為(wei)圓柱(zhu)灌式(shi)容(rong)器結構，能耐受0.8MPa以上(shang)(shang)壓力。其(qi)結構見圖1：
三、WBYD-75KVA/150KV交流耐壓發生器工作原理
YDQ系列高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)為(wei)單相(xiang)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)，聯結組(zu)標號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用(yong)工(gong)頻220V(10kVA以(yi)上為(wei)380V)電(dian)源(yuan)接入(ru) (為(wei)本(ben)公司生產的試(shi)驗變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)配套專(zhuan)用(yong)設備(bei)，詳細(xi)資料請(qing)見其(qi)具體使用(yong)說明書)系列操作箱(臺)，經操作箱內自(zi)偶調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(50kVA以(yi)上調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)外(wai)附)調(diao)節至(zhi)0～200V(或0～400V)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)輸出至(zhi)YDQ試(shi)驗變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的初級繞組(zu)，根據電(dian)磁感應原理，在試(shi)驗變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)繞組(zu)可獲得試(shi)驗所需的高(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。
單臺YDQ系列高壓(ya)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器的(de)工(gong)作原理圖見圖2。
單臺YDQ系列交直(zhi)流(liu)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的工(gong)作(zuo)原理圖見圖3，圖中高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)套管中裝有(you)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆(dui)，串接在高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)回路(lu)中作(zuo)半(ban)波整流(liu)，以獲得直(zhi)流(liu)高電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。當用(yong)一短路(lu)桿將高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆(dui)短接時，可(ke)獲得工(gong)頻高電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，作(zuo)為交流(liu)輸(shu)出狀態；取(qu)消短路(lu)桿時，作(zuo)為直(zhi)流(liu)輸(shu)出狀態。
試驗變壓(ya)器(qi)高壓(ya)套管中的高壓(ya)硅堆未畫出，其原理與(yu)上圖(tu)相同(tong)。
三(san)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)獲得更高電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接線原(yuan)理見圖(tu)4。串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優越性，因為(wei)(wei)整(zheng)個(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)由幾(ji)(ji)(ji)臺(tai)(tai)單臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，單臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)容量(liang)小、電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量(liang)輕，便于運輸和(he)(he)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。它既然可串(chuan)接成(cheng)(cheng)高出幾(ji)(ji)(ji)倍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)輸出電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)(zu)合使用，又可分開成(cheng)(cheng)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)套(tao)單臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)單獨(du)使用。整(zheng)套(tao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)投資小，經(jing)濟(ji)實惠。圖(tu)5中(zhong)，在(zai)**級(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)**級(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每個(ge)單元試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)都(dou)有一個(ge)勵磁繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)A1、C1和(he)(he)A2、C2。在(zai)三(san)臺(tai)(tai)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)基本原(yuan)理中(zhong)，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)源加在(zai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)a1x1上，單臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都(dou)是(shi)V。勵磁繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)供(gong)電(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勵磁繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)A2、C2給第三(san)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)供(gong)電(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)(he)第三(san)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)(xiang)體分別(bie)處在(zai)對地為(wei)(wei)1V和(he)(he)2V的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高電(dian)位上，所以箱(xiang)(xiang)體對地是(shi)絕緣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)(xiang)體是(shi)接地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。這(zhe)樣**級(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)、第三(san)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)對地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額(e)定輸出電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分別(bie)為(wei)(wei)1V、2V、3V；其額(e)定容量(liang)分別(bie)為(wei)(wei)3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列(lie)高壓(ya)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)器做被(bei)試(shi)品的(de)工頻耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗使用接(jie)線(xian)原理圖見(jian)圖5。
圖中：R1—限流電(dian)阻(zu) FRC—阻(zu)容分壓器 RF—球間隙保護電(dian)阻(zu) G—球間隙 CX—被試品(pin)
注：高壓尾必(bi)須可靠接地
工頻耐壓(ya)試驗(yan)中限(xian)流電阻R1應(ying)根據(ju)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)的額定(ding)容(rong)(rong)量來(lai)選擇(ze)。如高(gao)壓(ya)側額定(ding)輸(shu)出(chu)電流在100～300mA時，可(ke)取0.5～1Ω/V(試驗(yan)電壓(ya))；高(gao)壓(ya)側額定(ding)輸(shu)出(chu)電流為1A以(yi)上時，可(ke)取1Ω/V(試驗(yan)電壓(ya))。常用水電阻作為限(xian)流電阻，管子長度可(ke)按150kV/m考慮(lv)，管子粗細應(ying)具(ju)有足(zu)夠的熱(re)容(rong)(rong)量(水阻液(ye)配制(zhi)方法：用蒸餾水加入(ru)適量硫酸銅配制(zhi)成各種不(bu)同的阻值)。
球間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)及保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻：當電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓超過球間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)整定值時(一般(ban)取試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的110%~120%)，球間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)，對被試(shi)品起(qi)到(dao)保(bao)護作用。球間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻可按1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓)選取。
在(zai)工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)中，低(di)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)(ce)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不(bu)是非常準(zhun)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)，其原因(yin)是由(you)于試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器存(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)漏抗(kang)(kang)，在(zai)這個漏抗(kang)(kang)上必然存(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降或容(rong)升，使試(shi)品(pin)上的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)于或高于低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)(ce)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表上反映出來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)，被試(shi)品(pin)上的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高于試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)輸出電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就是所謂容(rong)升現(xian)象。感應耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)，試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)漏抗(kang)(kang)必然存(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為了準(zhun)確(que)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)被試(shi)品(pin)上所施加(jia)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因(yin)此常在(zai)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)(ce)接入(ru)FRC阻容(rong)分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器來(lai)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖5)。
工頻耐壓試驗操作注意事項(xiang)
1）試驗(yan)人員(yuan)應做好(hao)分工，明(ming)確(que)相互(hu)間聯系方(fang)法。并有(you)專門人監護現(xian)場**及觀察試品(pin)狀態。
2）被試(shi)品(pin)應先清掃干凈，并**干燥，以(yi)免(mian)損壞被試(shi)品(pin)和(he)試(shi)驗帶來的誤差(cha)。
3）對(dui)于大型試(shi)驗，一(yi)般(ban)都應(ying)先進行空升(sheng)試(shi)驗。即不接試(shi)品時升(sheng)壓至試(shi)驗電壓，校(xiao)對(dui)各種表計，調整球間隙。
4）升(sheng)壓速度不(bu)能(neng)太快(kuai)，并(bing)必須防止突(tu)(tu)然(ran)加壓。例如(ru)調(diao)壓器(qi)不(bu)在零位時突(tu)(tu)然(ran)合閘。也(ye)不(bu)能(neng)突(tu)(tu)然(ran)切斷電源，一般應(ying)在調(diao)壓器(qi)降(jiang)至零位時拉閘。
5）當(dang)電(dian)壓(ya)升至試(shi)驗電(dian)壓(ya)時(shi)，開(kai)始計時(shi)，到(dao)1min后，迅速(su)降壓(ya)到(dao)1/3試(shi)驗電(dian)壓(ya)以下時(shi)，才能(neng)拉開(kai)電(dian)源。
6）在升壓或耐壓試驗過程中，如發現下列不正常情況時，應立(li)即降(jiang)壓，切斷電源。停止試驗并查明原因(yin)：①電壓表指針擺動很大；②發現絕緣燒焦或冒煙；③被試品內有(you)不正常的聲音。
7）耐壓試驗前(qian)后(hou)應測量絕(jue)緣電阻，檢(jian)查絕(jue)緣情況。
試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器在做被試(shi)品的直(zhi)流耐壓(ya)(ya)或泄露試(shi)驗(yan)時(shi)接線原理圖如圖6。
注：此(ci)試驗應先抽(chou)出短路桿“D”，圖6中所示(shi)。
圖中：VD—高(gao)壓(ya)硅堆 R1—限(xian)流電(dian)阻 C1—高(gao)壓(ya)濾波電(dian)容 FRC—阻容分壓(ya)器(qi) CX—被試品 μA—帶保護微安表
泄露試驗(yan)中限流(liu)電阻(zu)R1選(xuan)擇在額(e)定輸出電壓時，輸出端(duan)短路(lu)電流(liu)不超過高(gao)壓硅堆的*大整流(liu)。如電壓硅堆的*大整流(liu)電流(liu)為100mA時用于60kV的試驗(yan)裝置中，限流(liu)電阻(zu)按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選(xuan)擇。限流(liu)電阻(zu)還應具(ju)有足夠的容量和沿面放電距離。
高壓濾波電容(rong)C1一般選(xuan)擇在0.01~0.1μF，當被試品的(de)電容(rong)量很大時(shi)，C1可(ke)省(sheng)略(lve)不用。
泄露試驗(yan)的操作(zuo)及注意事項(xiang)
1）試(shi)驗前應先檢查被(bei)試(shi)品是(shi)否(fou)停電，接地放電，一切對外連(lian)線是(shi)否(fou)擦干凈。要嚴防將試(shi)驗電壓加到有人(ren)工作(zuo)的部位上(shang)去。
2）接好試(shi)驗(yan)裝置的(de)接線后(hou)，應復(fu)查(cha)無(wu)誤后(hou)才可加壓(ya)。應特別注意檢查(cha)高(gao)壓(ya)設備(bei)及引線與(yu)地(di)、與(yu)操作人員(yuan)的(de)**距離，被試(shi)品的(de)外殼是否可靠接地(di)，要按**規程中所規定的(de)內容進行試(shi)驗(yan)。
3）對于大電(dian)容量設備應(ying)緩慢升(sheng)壓(ya)，防止被試品的(de)充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)燒壞微(wei)(wei)安表。必(bi)要時應(ying)分級加(jia)壓(ya)，分別讀(du)取各級電(dian)壓(ya)下微(wei)(wei)安表的(de)穩(wen)定讀(du)數。
4）試驗過程中(zhong)，應(ying)(ying)密切監視(shi)被試品、試驗裝置、微(wei)安表，一旦發生(sheng)擊(ji)穿(chuan)、閃爍等異(yi)常(chang)現象應(ying)(ying)立即降壓，切斷電源，并查明原因，詳(xiang)細記(ji)錄。
5）試(shi)驗(yan)完畢(bi)，降壓，切(qie)斷電源后應將被試(shi)品(pin)及(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)裝置本身充分放(fang)電。
四、WBYD-75KVA/150KV交流耐壓發生器注意事項
1、按照(zhao)您所進(jin)行的(de)(de)試驗(yan)接好工作線路。試驗(yan)變(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)(de)外(wai)殼(ke)以及操作系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)外(wai)殼(ke)必須(xu)可(ke)靠(kao)接地。試驗(yan)變(bian)壓器(qi)高(gao)壓繞(rao)組(zu)的(de)(de)X端(duan)(高(gao)壓尾)以及測量繞(rao)組(zu)的(de)(de)F端(duan)必須(xu)可(ke)靠(kao)接地。
2、做串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗時，**級(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗變壓器(qi)的(de)低壓繞(rao)組的(de)X端，測量繞(rao)組的(de)F端以及高壓繞(rao)組的(de)X端(高壓尾(wei))均接(jie)本級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗變壓器(qi)的(de)外殼(ke)。**級(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗變壓器(qi)的(de)外殼(ke)必須(xu)通過絕緣支架接(jie)地。
3、接通(tong)電源前，操作(zuo)系統的(de)調壓(ya)器(qi)必(bi)須調到零位后(hou)方可接通(tong)電源，合(he)閘，開(kai)始(shi)升壓(ya)。
4、從零(ling)開(kai)始均勻(yun)旋轉調壓(ya)(ya)器手輪(lun)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)方法(fa)有：快速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即20s逐(zhu)級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)；慢(man)速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即60s逐(zhu)級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)；極(ji)慢(man)速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)供選用。電壓(ya)(ya)從零(ling)開(kai)始按(an)一定的(de)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)方式和速(su)度(du)上升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您所需的(de)額定試驗電壓(ya)(ya)的(de)75%后，在以每秒2%額定試驗電壓(ya)(ya)的(de)速(su)度(du)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您所需的(de)額定電壓(ya)(ya)，并密(mi)切注意測量(liang)儀表(biao)的(de)指(zhi)示(shi)以及(ji)被試品(pin)的(de)情況。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)過程(cheng)中(zhong)或試驗過程(cheng)中(zhong)如(ru)發(fa)現測量(liang)儀表(biao)的(de)指(zhi)示(shi)及(ji)被試品(pin)情況異常，應立即降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)，切斷電源，查(cha)明情況。
5、試驗完畢(bi)后(hou)，應在數秒(miao)內(nei)勻速的將調壓器返(fan)回至零位，然后(hou)切斷電源。
6、本產(chan)品不得超過額定參數使用。除(chu)試驗必須外，決不允許全電(dian)壓(ya)通電(dian)或斷電(dian)。
7、再升壓(ya)或(huo)耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗過程(cheng)中，如發現以下(xia)不(bu)正(zheng)常情況時，應立即降壓(ya)，切斷電源，停(ting)止試(shi)驗并查明原(yuan)因。
⑴電壓表指針(zhen)擺動(dong)(或數(shu)字跳動(dong))很大
⑵電流表直線上升
被試品(pin)內有不正常的聲音
8、圖1中第9項系(xi)壓(ya)力閥及(ji)壓(ya)力表，為長期關閉狀態。每6個月(yue)開閥一(yi)次，以檢查SF6壓(ya)力，應不小(xiao)于0.2MPa(檢查壓(ya)力后立即關閉閥門)，低于0.2MPa時(shi)應加SF6氣(qi)體，以增(zeng)加氣(qi)絕(jue)緣。
9、耐壓實(shi)驗(yan)前后(hou)應(ying)測量(liang)被(bei)試設(she)備的絕緣(yuan)電(dian)阻，檢(jian)查絕緣(yuan)情況。
10、當試驗變壓器(qi)長期不使用時，應放置于(yu)通風(feng)、干燥、無陽(yang)光直射(she)的地方。
11、該(gai)產品(pin)不允許在高于45℃的溫度下長(chang)期存放(fang)、使用、放(fang)氣(qi)。
12、運(yun)輸搬運(yun)途中(zhong)不得(de)重力沖擊(ji)。
13、產(chan)品緊固件及(ji)壓(ya)力閥、壓(ya)力表不得(de)擅自松動。
14、使用本產品做高壓試(shi)驗(yan)時，出熟悉本說明書外，還(huan)必須嚴格執行國家(jia)有關標準和操作規程。可參照GB311-83《高壓輸變設(she)備(bei)的(de)絕緣(yuan)配合，高壓試(shi)驗(yan)技(ji)術(shu)》；《電氣設(she)備(bei)預(yu)防性試(shi)驗(yan)規程》等。
五、WBYD-75KVA/150KV交流耐壓發生器容量選擇
標(biao)稱試驗變壓器容量(liang)Pn的確定(ding)公式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中：
Pn——標稱試驗變壓器容量(liang)(kVA)
Vn——試驗變壓(ya)器的額定輸出(chu)高壓(ya)的有效值(kV)
k ——**系(xi)數。k≥1，標稱(cheng)電壓(ya)Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標稱(cheng)電壓(ya)較低時，k值可(ke)取高一些。
Ct——被試(shi)品的電容(rong)量(pF)
ω——角頻率，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源的(de)頻率
被試設備(bei)的電(dian)容(rong)量Ct可由(you)交(jiao)流電(dian)橋測出。Ct的變化很大，
可由設備的類型而定。
典型數據如(ru)下：
簡(jian)單的棒式或懸式絕(jue)緣子 幾十微法
簡單的分級套管 100～1000pF
電壓互(hu)感(gan)器 200 ～ 500pF
電力(li)變壓器(qi) <; 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜和油浸紙絕緣 250～300pF/m
氣體絕緣 ～60pF/m
封閉(bi)變電站，SF6氣體絕緣 100～10000Pf;
對于不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的試驗電壓Vn，選擇不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(適當(dang)的)**系(xi)數k。
以下列出(chu)不同的Vn所選用的k值供(gong)參(can)考。
Vn =50~100kV ; k = 4
Vn =150~300kV ; k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2