一、WBYD-75KVA/150KV交流耐壓試驗變壓器概(gai)述(shu)
YDQ系列(lie)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)根據《試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)》標(biao)準，在(zai)(zai)油(you)浸式(shi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)基礎上而設計生產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)。SF6氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)具(ju)(ju)有(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)性能(neng)及優異的(de)(de)(de)滅弧性能(neng)，其耐壓(ya)強度(du)為同一壓(ya)力下氮氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)，擊(ji)穿電(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)。在(zai)(zai)0.25MPa下與油(you)的(de)(de)(de)擊(ji)穿電(dian)壓(ya)相等(deng)，在(zai)(zai)0.45MPa壓(ya)力下是(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)的(de)(de)(de)擊(ji)穿電(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)2倍(bei)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)一種優于油(you)的(de)(de)(de)新一代超高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)絕(jue)緣(yuan)介質材料(liao)。該(gai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)技術要(yao)求(qiu)完全符合《ZBK-41006-89》標(biao)準，它是(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)浸式(shi)輕(qing)型試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)換代產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)。該(gai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)具(ju)(ju)有(you)體(ti)積小、重量(liang)輕(qing)、不受氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)變(bian)化影響、電(dian)暈小、現場(chang)搬運無需靜止可使用，使用壽命長(chang)、免維修等(deng)特點。適用于電(dian)力系統(tong)、工(gong)礦(kuang)企(qi)業、科研部(bu)門等(deng)對各種高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設備、電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)元(yuan)件、絕(jue)緣(yuan)材料(liao)進行工(gong)頻(pin)或直(zhi)流高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)下的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)強度(du)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)。
二、WBYD-75KVA/150KV交流耐壓試驗變壓器產品結構
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試驗變壓(ya)器采(cai)用單框芯式(shi)鐵芯結構，初級繞(rao)組繞(rao)在鐵芯上，高壓(ya)繞(rao)組在外(wai)，這種(zhong)同軸布置減少了漏磁通，因而增(zeng)大了繞(rao)組間的耦合。產(chan)品的外(wai)殼(ke)為(wei)圓柱(zhu)灌(guan)式(shi)容器結構，能耐受0.8MPa以上壓(ya)力。其結構見圖(tu)1：
三、WBYD-75KVA/150KV交流耐壓試驗變壓器工作原理
YDQ系列(lie)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)為單(dan)相(xiang)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)，聯結(jie)組(zu)標號(hao)Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用(yong)工頻220V(10kVA以上為380V)電源接入 (為本公(gong)司生產的(de)(de)試驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)配(pei)套專用(yong)設備，詳(xiang)細資料(liao)請(qing)見其具體使用(yong)說明書)系列(lie)操作箱(臺)，經操作箱內自偶調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(50kVA以上調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)外附)調節(jie)至0～200V(或0～400V)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輸(shu)出至YDQ試驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)初級繞(rao)組(zu)，根據電磁感應(ying)原理，在試驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)可獲得試驗所需的(de)(de)高(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。
單臺(tai)YDQ系列高壓試驗變壓器的工作原理圖見圖2。
單(dan)臺YDQ系列交直(zhi)(zhi)流高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)工作(zuo)原理圖見圖3，圖中(zhong)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)套管中(zhong)裝有(you)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)硅堆(dui)(dui)，串接(jie)在(zai)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)回路中(zhong)作(zuo)半波(bo)整(zheng)流，以獲(huo)得直(zhi)(zhi)流高(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。當用一(yi)短(duan)路桿(gan)將(jiang)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)硅堆(dui)(dui)短(duan)接(jie)時(shi)，可獲(huo)得工頻(pin)高(gao)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，作(zuo)為交流輸出(chu)狀態(tai)；取消短(duan)路桿(gan)時(shi)，作(zuo)為直(zhi)(zhi)流輸出(chu)狀態(tai)。
試驗(yan)變壓器高壓套管(guan)中的高壓硅堆未畫出，其原理與上圖(tu)相同。
三(san)(san)臺試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)獲得更高(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的接(jie)線原理見圖4。串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有很(hen)大的優(you)越性(xing)，因為整個試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)由幾(ji)臺單(dan)(dan)臺試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)成，單(dan)(dan)臺試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量(liang)(liang)小、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量(liang)(liang)輕(qing)，便于運輸(shu)和(he)(he)安裝(zhuang)。它既然可串(chuan)接(jie)成高(gao)(gao)出(chu)幾(ji)倍的單(dan)(dan)臺試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)(zu)合使(shi)用，又(you)可分(fen)開成幾(ji)套(tao)單(dan)(dan)臺試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單(dan)(dan)獨使(shi)用。整套(tao)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)投資小，經濟(ji)實惠(hui)。圖5中，在(zai)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的每個單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中都有一個勵(li)磁(ci)(ci)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)A1、C1和(he)(he)A2、C2。在(zai)三(san)(san)臺串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基本原理中，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源加在(zai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的初級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)a1x1上，單(dan)(dan)臺試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是(shi)V。勵(li)磁(ci)(ci)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的初級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的勵(li)磁(ci)(ci)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)A2、C2給第(di)三(san)(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的初級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)(he)第(di)三(san)(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的箱體(ti)分(fen)別(bie)處在(zai)對地為1V和(he)(he)2V的高(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位上，所以箱體(ti)對地是(shi)絕緣(yuan)的，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的箱體(ti)是(shi)接(jie)地的。這樣**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、第(di)三(san)(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對地的額(e)定輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分(fen)別(bie)為1V、2V、3V；其額(e)定容量(liang)(liang)分(fen)別(bie)為3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高(gao)壓試(shi)驗變壓器(qi)做被試(shi)品的工頻耐壓試(shi)驗使用接線原理圖見圖5。
圖中：R1—限流電(dian)阻(zu) FRC—阻(zu)容分(fen)壓器 RF—球間隙(xi)保護電(dian)阻(zu) G—球間隙(xi) ; CX—被試品
注：高壓尾必須(xu)可(ke)靠接地(di)
工頻耐(nai)壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)中(zhong)限流電阻(zu)(zu)R1應根(gen)據(ju)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)額定容量(liang)來選擇。如高壓(ya)側額定輸(shu)出電流在(zai)100～300mA時，可(ke)(ke)取0.5～1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)電壓(ya))；高壓(ya)側額定輸(shu)出電流為(wei)1A以上時，可(ke)(ke)取1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)電壓(ya))。常用(yong)(yong)水電阻(zu)(zu)作為(wei)限流電阻(zu)(zu)，管(guan)子長度可(ke)(ke)按(an)150kV/m考慮，管(guan)子粗(cu)細應具有足(zu)夠的(de)熱容量(liang)(水阻(zu)(zu)液配制方法：用(yong)(yong)蒸餾水加(jia)入適(shi)量(liang)硫酸銅配制成各(ge)種不同(tong)的(de)阻(zu)(zu)值)。
球間隙(xi)(xi)及保護電(dian)阻：當電(dian)壓超過球間隙(xi)(xi)整定值時(一般取(qu)試(shi)驗電(dian)壓的110%~120%)，球間隙(xi)(xi)放電(dian)，對被試(shi)品起到保護作用。球間隙(xi)(xi)保護電(dian)阻可按1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)壓)選取(qu)。
在(zai)(zai)工(gong)頻(pin)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)中，低電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測量電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表(biao)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不是非常準(zhun)確的，其原因(yin)是由于(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)存在(zai)(zai)著漏(lou)抗(kang)，在(zai)(zai)這個漏(lou)抗(kang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)必(bi)然(ran)存在(zai)(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)或容(rong)升，使試(shi)(shi)品上(shang)(shang)(shang)的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低于(yu)(yu)或高(gao)于(yu)(yu)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測量電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表(biao)上(shang)(shang)(shang)反映出來的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工(gong)頻(pin)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時，被試(shi)(shi)品上(shang)(shang)(shang)的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)于(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的輸出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就是所謂(wei)容(rong)升現象(xiang)。感應耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時，試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的漏(lou)抗(kang)必(bi)然(ran)存在(zai)(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)。為了準(zhun)確測量被試(shi)(shi)品上(shang)(shang)(shang)所施加的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因(yin)此常在(zai)(zai)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側接入FRC阻容(rong)分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)來測量電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖5)。
工(gong)頻耐壓(ya)試驗操作注意事(shi)項
1）試驗人(ren)員應做好(hao)分(fen)工，明確相互間聯系方法。并有專門人(ren)監(jian)護現場**及觀察試品(pin)狀態(tai)。
2）被試品應先清(qing)掃(sao)干(gan)(gan)凈，并**干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)，以免損壞被試品和試驗帶來的誤差。
3）對于大型(xing)試驗，一般都應先進行空升試驗。即不接試品(pin)時升壓(ya)至試驗電壓(ya)，校(xiao)對各種(zhong)表計，調整球間隙(xi)。
4）升壓(ya)(ya)速度不(bu)能太快，并必須防止(zhi)突然加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)。例如(ru)調壓(ya)(ya)器不(bu)在(zai)零(ling)位時突然合閘。也(ye)不(bu)能突然切斷電源(yuan)，一(yi)般應在(zai)調壓(ya)(ya)器降至零(ling)位時拉閘。
5）當電壓升至(zhi)試驗電壓時，開(kai)始計時，到1min后，迅速降壓到1/3試驗電壓以下時，才能(neng)拉(la)開(kai)電源。
6）在升壓(ya)或耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)過程(cheng)中，如發(fa)現下列不(bu)正常情況時，應立即降壓(ya)，切斷電源。停止試(shi)驗(yan)并(bing)查明(ming)原因：①電壓(ya)表指針擺(bai)動(dong)很大；②發(fa)現絕緣(yuan)燒焦或冒煙(yan)；③被試(shi)品(pin)內有不(bu)正常的聲音。
7）耐壓試驗(yan)前后應測(ce)量絕緣(yuan)電(dian)阻，檢查(cha)絕緣(yuan)情(qing)況。
試驗變(bian)壓器(qi)在做(zuo)被試品的(de)直(zhi)流耐壓或泄露試驗時接線原理(li)圖(tu)如(ru)圖(tu)6。
注：此試驗應先抽出(chu)短路桿(gan)“D”，圖6中所示。
圖中：VD—高壓硅堆 R1—限(xian)流電阻 C1—高壓濾波電容 FRC—阻容分壓器 CX—被試品 μA—帶(dai)保護微安表
泄露試(shi)驗中(zhong)限流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)R1選擇在額定輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓時，輸(shu)出端短路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流不超過(guo)高壓硅堆(dui)的(de)*大(da)(da)整流。如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓硅堆(dui)的(de)*大(da)(da)整流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流為100mA時用于(yu)60kV的(de)試(shi)驗裝置中(zhong)，限流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)按(an)R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇。限流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)還(huan)應具(ju)有足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)容量(liang)和沿(yan)面放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)距離。
高壓濾波電容(rong)C1一般選擇在0.01~0.1μF，當被(bei)試品(pin)的電容(rong)量(liang)很(hen)大時，C1可(ke)省略不用(yong)。
泄露試驗的操作(zuo)及注意事(shi)項
1）試驗(yan)(yan)前(qian)應先檢查被(bei)試品是否(fou)停(ting)電(dian)，接(jie)地放電(dian)，一切對外連線(xian)是否(fou)擦干凈。要嚴(yan)防將試驗(yan)(yan)電(dian)壓加(jia)到(dao)有人工作的部(bu)位上去。
2）接(jie)好(hao)試驗(yan)裝(zhuang)置的接(jie)線后，應復查無誤(wu)后才可加(jia)壓。應特別(bie)注(zhu)意檢查高壓設備及引線與地、與操作(zuo)人員的**距離，被試品的外殼是否可靠接(jie)地，要按**規(gui)(gui)程(cheng)中所規(gui)(gui)定的內容進(jin)行試驗(yan)。
3）對于大電(dian)(dian)容量設備(bei)應(ying)緩慢(man)升壓(ya)，防止被(bei)試品的充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流燒壞微安(an)表(biao)。必要時(shi)應(ying)分級加壓(ya)，分別(bie)讀取(qu)各(ge)級電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)下(xia)微安(an)表(biao)的穩定讀數。
4）試(shi)驗過程中，應密(mi)切監視被試(shi)品、試(shi)驗裝置(zhi)、微安表，一旦(dan)發生擊穿、閃爍等異常現(xian)象(xiang)應立即降壓，切斷電源，并(bing)查明原(yuan)因(yin)，詳細(xi)記錄。
5）試驗(yan)完畢，降壓，切(qie)斷電源后應將被試品及試驗(yan)裝置本(ben)身充分放電。
四、WBYD-75KVA/150KV交流耐壓試驗變壓器注意事項
1、按照您所進行的(de)(de)試(shi)驗(yan)接(jie)好工作(zuo)線(xian)路。試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器的(de)(de)外(wai)殼以及操作(zuo)系統的(de)(de)外(wai)殼必須(xu)可(ke)靠接(jie)地。試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器高(gao)壓(ya)繞組(zu)的(de)(de)X端(高(gao)壓(ya)尾(wei))以及測量繞組(zu)的(de)(de)F端必須(xu)可(ke)靠接(jie)地。
2、做串級試驗(yan)(yan)時(shi)，**級、第(di)三(san)級試驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)(de)低壓(ya)繞組(zu)的(de)(de)X端，測(ce)量繞組(zu)的(de)(de)F端以及高壓(ya)繞組(zu)的(de)(de)X端(高壓(ya)尾)均(jun)接本級試驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)(de)外殼。**級、第(di)三(san)級試驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)(de)外殼必須通(tong)過(guo)絕緣(yuan)支架接地。
3、接通電源前，操作系統的調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器必(bi)須(xu)調(diao)到零位(wei)后方可(ke)接通電源，合(he)閘，開始升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)。
4、從(cong)零開始均勻旋轉調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)手輪(lun)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)方法有：快(kuai)速(su)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法，即(ji)20s逐(zhu)級升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法；慢速(su)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法，即(ji)60s逐(zhu)級升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法；極慢速(su)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法供選用(yong)。電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)從(cong)零開始按一定的升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)方式和速(su)度上升(sheng)到您(nin)所需的額定試驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的75%后，在以(yi)每秒(miao)2%額定試驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的速(su)度升(sheng)到您(nin)所需的額定電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，并密切注意測(ce)量(liang)儀表(biao)的指(zhi)示(shi)以(yi)及(ji)被試品(pin)(pin)的情況(kuang)。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)過程中(zhong)或試驗(yan)過程中(zhong)如發現測(ce)量(liang)儀表(biao)的指(zhi)示(shi)及(ji)被試品(pin)(pin)情況(kuang)異常(chang)，應立即(ji)降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，切斷電(dian)源，查明情況(kuang)。
5、試驗完畢后，應在(zai)數秒內勻速(su)的將調壓器返回至零位(wei)，然后切斷(duan)電(dian)源(yuan)。
6、本產品不得超過額定(ding)參數使用。除試驗必(bi)須外，決不允許全電(dian)壓通電(dian)或斷電(dian)。
7、再(zai)升壓或耐壓試(shi)驗過程中，如(ru)發(fa)現(xian)以下不正常情況(kuang)時，應立即降壓，切斷電源，停止(zhi)試(shi)驗并查明原因。
⑴電壓表指針擺動(或數字(zi)跳動)很大
⑵電(dian)流表直線(xian)上升
被試品內有(you)不正常的聲(sheng)音(yin)
8、圖1中第9項系壓(ya)力(li)閥及壓(ya)力(li)表，為長期(qi)關閉狀態。每6個(ge)月(yue)開閥一次，以檢查(cha)SF6壓(ya)力(li)，應不(bu)小于0.2MPa(檢查(cha)壓(ya)力(li)后立即關閉閥門(men))，低于0.2MPa時(shi)應加(jia)SF6氣(qi)體，以增加(jia)氣(qi)絕緣。
9、耐壓實驗前后應測(ce)量被試設備的絕(jue)緣電阻，檢查絕(jue)緣情況(kuang)。
10、當試驗變(bian)壓器長(chang)期不(bu)使用時，應(ying)放置(zhi)于通風(feng)、干燥、無(wu)陽光直射的地(di)方。
11、該產品不允許(xu)在高于(yu)45℃的溫度下(xia)長期(qi)存放、使用、放氣。
12、運(yun)輸搬(ban)運(yun)途(tu)中不得重(zhong)力沖擊。
13、產品緊(jin)固件(jian)及壓力(li)閥、壓力(li)表(biao)不(bu)得擅自松動。
14、使(shi)用本產品做高壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，出熟(shu)悉本說明書(shu)外(wai)，還必(bi)須嚴(yan)格執行國家有關(guan)標(biao)準和操作(zuo)規程。可參照GB311-83《高壓(ya)(ya)輸變設(she)備的絕緣配合，高壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)技術》；《電氣設(she)備預防性(xing)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)規程》等。
五、WBYD-75KVA/150KV交流耐壓試驗變壓器容量選擇
標稱試(shi)驗變壓器容量Pn的確定公式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中(zhong)：
Pn——標稱試驗變壓器容量(liang)(kVA)
Vn——試驗變壓(ya)器的額定輸出高壓(ya)的有(you)效值(kV)
k ——**系數(shu)。k≥1，標稱(cheng)電壓(ya)Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標稱(cheng)電壓(ya)較低時，k值可(ke)取(qu)高一些。
Ct——被試(shi)品的電容量(pF)
ω——角頻(pin)率(lv)，ω=2πf， f——試(shi)驗(yan)電源的頻(pin)率(lv)
被試設備的電(dian)容量Ct可由(you)交流電(dian)橋測出。Ct的變(bian)化很大，
可由設(she)備的類(lei)型而(er)定(ding)。
典型數據如(ru)下(xia)：
簡(jian)單的棒(bang)式或懸式絕(jue)緣子 幾(ji)十微法
簡單(dan)的分級套(tao)管 100～1000pF
電壓互感(gan)器 200 ～ 500pF
電力變(bian)壓器 ; < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)和油浸紙絕緣 250～300pF/m
氣(qi)體絕緣 ～60pF/m
封(feng)閉(bi)變電站，SF6氣體絕緣 100～10000Pf;
對于不同的(de)試驗電(dian)壓Vn，選(xuan)擇(ze)不同的(de)(適當的(de))**系(xi)數(shu)k。
以下(xia)列(lie)出不同的(de)Vn所(suo)選(xuan)用的(de)k值供參考。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2