一、WBYD-75KVA/150KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器概述
YDQ系列高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)根(gen)據《試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)》標準，在油(you)浸式試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上而設(she)計生產的(de)(de)(de)(de)。SF6氣(qi)體(ti)具有(you)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)氣(qi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)性(xing)能及優異的(de)(de)(de)(de)滅(mie)弧(hu)性(xing)能，其(qi)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)度為同一壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力下(xia)(xia)(xia)氮氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)2.5倍，擊穿(chuan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)2.5倍。在0.25MPa下(xia)(xia)(xia)與油(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)擊穿(chuan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)相等，在0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力下(xia)(xia)(xia)是(shi)(shi)油(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)擊穿(chuan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)2倍，是(shi)(shi)一種(zhong)優于(yu)油(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)新一代超(chao)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)絕(jue)緣(yuan)介質(zhi)材料。該產品技(ji)術(shu)要求完全符合《ZBK-41006-89》標準，它是(shi)(shi)油(you)浸式輕型試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)換代產品。該產品具有(you)體(ti)積小、重量輕、不受氣(qi)候變(bian)化(hua)影響、電(dian)暈(yun)小、現場搬運無需靜止可使(shi)用，使(shi)用壽命長、免維修等特點。適用于(yu)電(dian)力系統(tong)、工礦企(qi)業、科研部門(men)等對各種(zhong)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備、電(dian)氣(qi)元件、絕(jue)緣(yuan)材料進行(xing)工頻(pin)或(huo)直(zhi)流高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)強(qiang)度試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)。
二、WBYD-75KVA/150KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器產品結構
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試驗變壓(ya)器(qi)采用單框芯(xin)式鐵芯(xin)結(jie)構，初級繞(rao)組(zu)繞(rao)在(zai)鐵芯(xin)上(shang)，高壓(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)在(zai)外，這種同軸布置減少了(le)漏磁(ci)通，因而增大了(le)繞(rao)組(zu)間(jian)的耦(ou)合。產品的外殼(ke)為圓柱灌式容器(qi)結(jie)構，能耐受0.8MPa以(yi)上(shang)壓(ya)力。其結(jie)構見圖1：
三、WBYD-75KVA/150KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器工作原理
YDQ系(xi)列高(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)為單相變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)，聯結組(zu)(zu)標號(hao)Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用工頻220V(10kVA以(yi)上為380V)電(dian)(dian)源接入 (為本公司生產的試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)配(pei)套專用設備，詳細資(zi)料請見其具體(ti)使用說(shuo)明書)系(xi)列操(cao)作箱(xiang)(臺(tai))，經(jing)操(cao)作箱(xiang)內(nei)自偶調壓(ya)器(qi)(50kVA以(yi)上調壓(ya)器(qi)外附(fu))調節至(zhi)0～200V(或0～400V)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)輸出至(zhi)YDQ試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的初級繞組(zu)(zu)，根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)磁感(gan)應原理，在試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)高(gao)壓(ya)繞組(zu)(zu)可獲得試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)所需(xu)的高(gao)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。
單臺YDQ系列高壓試(shi)驗(yan)變壓器的工作原理圖見圖2。
單臺(tai)YDQ系列交直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試驗變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的工作(zuo)原理(li)圖(tu)見圖(tu)3，圖(tu)中高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)套管(guan)中裝有高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆，串接(jie)在高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)回(hui)路中作(zuo)半波整流(liu)(liu)，以獲得直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。當用一短路桿將高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆短接(jie)時，可(ke)獲得工頻高(gao)(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，作(zuo)為交流(liu)(liu)輸出(chu)狀態；取消(xiao)短路桿時，作(zuo)為直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸出(chu)狀態。
試驗變壓器高壓套管中的高壓硅堆未畫出，其原(yuan)理(li)與上圖相同。
三(san)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)獲得更(geng)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)接(jie)(jie)線原理見圖(tu)4。串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有很大的(de)優(you)越性(xing)，因為整個(ge)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)由幾(ji)臺(tai)(tai)單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組成，單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量小、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量輕(qing)，便于運輸(shu)和(he)(he)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)。它既然可(ke)串接(jie)(jie)成高(gao)出幾(ji)倍的(de)單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)組合使(shi)用，又可(ke)分開成幾(ji)套(tao)單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單(dan)獨使(shi)用。整套(tao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)投資小，經(jing)濟實(shi)惠(hui)。圖(tu)5中(zhong)(zhong)，在(zai)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)每(mei)個(ge)單(dan)元(yuan)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)都有一個(ge)勵磁繞(rao)(rao)組A1、C1和(he)(he)A2、C2。在(zai)三(san)臺(tai)(tai)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基本原理中(zhong)(zhong)，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源加(jia)在(zai)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組a1x1上，單(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)都是(shi)V。勵磁繞(rao)(rao)組A1、C1給**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)勵磁繞(rao)(rao)組A2、C2給第(di)三(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)(he)第(di)三(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)箱體分別處在(zai)對地為1V和(he)(he)2V的(de)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位上，所以箱體對地是(shi)絕緣的(de)，試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)箱體是(shi)接(jie)(jie)地的(de)。這樣**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、第(di)三(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對地的(de)額(e)(e)定輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)分別為1V、2V、3V；其額(e)(e)定容量分別為3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高(gao)壓(ya)試驗變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)做被試品的工頻耐壓(ya)試驗使用接線原理圖(tu)見圖(tu)5。
圖中：R1—限流電阻(zu) FRC—阻(zu)容分壓器(qi) RF—球(qiu)(qiu)間隙保護電阻(zu) G—球(qiu)(qiu)間隙 CX—被(bei)試品
注(zhu)：高壓尾必須(xu)可靠接地
工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)中限流電(dian)阻R1應根據試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)額(e)(e)定(ding)容量來選擇。如高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)側(ce)額(e)(e)定(ding)輸(shu)出電(dian)流在100～300mA時，可(ke)取0.5～1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya))；高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)側(ce)額(e)(e)定(ding)輸(shu)出電(dian)流為1A以上時，可(ke)取1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya))。常用水(shui)電(dian)阻作為限流電(dian)阻，管子(zi)(zi)長度可(ke)按150kV/m考(kao)慮(lv)，管子(zi)(zi)粗細應具有足夠的(de)熱容量(水(shui)阻液配制方法(fa)：用蒸餾水(shui)加入適量硫酸銅配制成(cheng)各種不同的(de)阻值)。
球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)及保(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)阻：當電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)超過球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)整定值時(一般(ban)取試驗電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的110%~120%)，球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)放電(dian)，對被試品起到保(bao)(bao)護(hu)作用。球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)阻可(ke)按1Ω/V(試驗電(dian)壓(ya)(ya))選取。
在(zai)工(gong)頻耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)中，低電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))不是(shi)非常準確的(de)，其原因是(shi)由于(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器存在(zai)著(zhu)漏(lou)抗，在(zai)這(zhe)個漏(lou)抗上必(bi)然(ran)存在(zai)著(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降或容(rong)升(sheng)，使(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)上的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)低于(yu)或高于(yu)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)表上反映出來的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。工(gong)頻耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時(shi)，被試(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)上的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)高于(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就(jiu)是(shi)所謂容(rong)升(sheng)現(xian)象。感應耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時(shi)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)漏(lou)抗必(bi)然(ran)存在(zai)著(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為了準確測(ce)量(liang)被試(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)上所施(shi)加的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，因此常在(zai)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)接(jie)入FRC阻容(rong)分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器來測(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖5)。
工頻耐壓試驗操作注意事項
1）試驗人員應做好分(fen)工，明確(que)相(xiang)互間聯系(xi)方法。并有專門人監護現場**及觀察試品狀態(tai)。
2）被試品應先清掃(sao)干凈，并**干燥，以免損壞被試品和試驗帶來的誤差(cha)。
3）對于大型試驗，一(yi)般(ban)都應先進行空升試驗。即(ji)不接試品(pin)時(shi)升壓(ya)至試驗電壓(ya)，校(xiao)對各(ge)種表計，調整球間隙。
4）升壓(ya)速度(du)不能太快，并必須防止突然(ran)(ran)加壓(ya)。例如調壓(ya)器不在零(ling)(ling)位時(shi)突然(ran)(ran)合(he)閘。也不能突然(ran)(ran)切斷電源，一般應在調壓(ya)器降(jiang)至(zhi)零(ling)(ling)位時(shi)拉閘。
5）當(dang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)升至試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時(shi)，開始計時(shi)，到1min后，迅速降壓(ya)到1/3試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)以(yi)下時(shi)，才能拉(la)開電(dian)(dian)源。
6）在升壓或(huo)(huo)耐壓試(shi)驗(yan)過程(cheng)中，如發現(xian)(xian)下(xia)列不正常情(qing)況時，應立即降壓，切斷電(dian)源。停止試(shi)驗(yan)并查(cha)明(ming)原因：①電(dian)壓表指針擺(bai)動很大；②發現(xian)(xian)絕緣(yuan)燒焦或(huo)(huo)冒(mao)煙(yan)；③被試(shi)品內有不正常的聲音。
7）耐壓試(shi)驗前后應測量絕(jue)緣電阻(zu)，檢(jian)查絕(jue)緣情況。
試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓器(qi)在做(zuo)被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)的(de)直流耐壓或泄露(lu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時接線原(yuan)理圖如圖6。
注：此試驗應先抽出(chu)短路桿“D”，圖6中所示。
圖中：VD—高壓硅堆(dui) R1—限流電(dian)阻(zu) C1—高壓濾波電(dian)容 FRC—阻(zu)容分壓器 CX—被試(shi)品(pin) μA—帶保(bao)護微安表
泄露(lu)試(shi)驗中限(xian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻R1選(xuan)擇(ze)在額定輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)壓時，輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)端短路電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)不超(chao)過高壓硅堆的*大整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)。如電(dian)壓硅堆的*大整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)為100mA時用于60kV的試(shi)驗裝置中，限(xian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻按(an)R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選(xuan)擇(ze)。限(xian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻還應具有(you)足夠(gou)的容量和沿面放電(dian)距離。
高壓濾波電(dian)容(rong)C1一般選擇在0.01~0.1μF，當(dang)被試品的電(dian)容(rong)量很大(da)時，C1可省略不用。
泄露試驗的操作及注意事項
1）試驗(yan)前(qian)應先檢(jian)查(cha)被試品是(shi)(shi)否停電，接地放電，一切對外(wai)連(lian)線是(shi)(shi)否擦干凈(jing)。要嚴防將(jiang)試驗(yan)電壓(ya)加到有(you)人工作的部位(wei)上去。
2）接好試(shi)(shi)驗裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)接線(xian)后，應(ying)復查無誤后才(cai)可(ke)加(jia)壓(ya)。應(ying)特別注意檢查高壓(ya)設(she)備及(ji)引(yin)線(xian)與地、與操作人(ren)員的(de)(de)**距離，被試(shi)(shi)品的(de)(de)外殼是否可(ke)靠接地，要(yao)按(an)**規程中(zhong)所規定(ding)的(de)(de)內容進行試(shi)(shi)驗。
3）對(dui)于大電(dian)容量設(she)備應緩慢升壓(ya)，防止(zhi)被試品的(de)充電(dian)電(dian)流燒壞(huai)微(wei)安表。必要(yao)時應分級加(jia)壓(ya)，分別讀取各級電(dian)壓(ya)下(xia)微(wei)安表的(de)穩定讀數。
4）試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)過程中(zhong)，應密切監(jian)視被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)、試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)裝置、微安表，一旦發生擊(ji)穿、閃爍等異常現象應立(li)即降壓，切斷電源，并查明原因，詳細(xi)記錄。
5）試驗完畢，降壓，切斷電源后應(ying)將被(bei)試品及試驗裝置本身充分放電。
四、WBYD-75KVA/150KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器注意事項
1、按照您(nin)所進(jin)行的(de)試驗接好(hao)工作線路。試驗變(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)外殼(ke)以及操作系統的(de)外殼(ke)必須可靠接地。試驗變(bian)壓器(qi)高壓繞組的(de)X端(高壓尾)以及測量(liang)繞組的(de)F端必須可靠接地。
2、做(zuo)串級(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗時(shi)，**級(ji)、第三級(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)器(qi)的低壓(ya)繞(rao)組的X端(duan)，測量繞(rao)組的F端(duan)以及高壓(ya)繞(rao)組的X端(duan)(高壓(ya)尾)均接(jie)本級(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)器(qi)的外殼。**級(ji)、第三級(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)器(qi)的外殼必須通(tong)過絕緣支架接(jie)地。
3、接通電(dian)源前，操作(zuo)系(xi)統的調壓器(qi)必(bi)須調到零(ling)位(wei)后(hou)方可接通電(dian)源，合(he)閘(zha)，開(kai)始升(sheng)壓。
4、從(cong)零開(kai)始均勻(yun)旋轉調壓(ya)(ya)器手(shou)輪升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)方法(fa)(fa)有：快(kuai)速(su)(su)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)，即(ji)20s逐級升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)；慢(man)速(su)(su)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)，即(ji)60s逐級升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)；極慢(man)速(su)(su)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)供選用。電壓(ya)(ya)從(cong)零開(kai)始按一定的(de)(de)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)方式(shi)和速(su)(su)度上升(sheng)到您所需(xu)的(de)(de)額(e)定試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)電壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)75%后(hou)，在以每秒(miao)2%額(e)定試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)電壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)速(su)(su)度升(sheng)到您所需(xu)的(de)(de)額(e)定電壓(ya)(ya)，并密(mi)切注意測量儀表(biao)的(de)(de)指(zhi)示以及被(bei)試(shi)(shi)(shi)品的(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)過程(cheng)(cheng)中或試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)過程(cheng)(cheng)中如發現(xian)測量儀表(biao)的(de)(de)指(zhi)示及被(bei)試(shi)(shi)(shi)品情(qing)(qing)況異常，應立(li)即(ji)降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)，切斷電源，查明(ming)情(qing)(qing)況。
5、試驗完畢后(hou)，應在數秒(miao)內勻速(su)的將調壓器返回至零(ling)位，然(ran)后(hou)切斷電源。
6、本產品(pin)不得超過額定參數使用(yong)。除試驗必須外(wai)，決不允許全電壓通電或斷電。
7、再升(sheng)壓或耐壓試驗過程中，如發(fa)現以(yi)下不正常情況時，應立即降壓，切斷電源，停止(zhi)試驗并查明原因。
⑴電(dian)壓表(biao)指針擺動(或(huo)數字跳動)很大
⑵電流表直線上(shang)升(sheng)
被(bei)試品內有不正常(chang)的聲(sheng)音
8、圖1中第9項系(xi)壓(ya)(ya)力閥(fa)及(ji)壓(ya)(ya)力表，為長期關閉狀(zhuang)態。每6個月開(kai)閥(fa)一次，以檢(jian)查(cha)SF6壓(ya)(ya)力，應不小(xiao)于0.2MPa(檢(jian)查(cha)壓(ya)(ya)力后立即關閉閥(fa)門)，低于0.2MPa時應加(jia)SF6氣體(ti)，以增(zeng)加(jia)氣絕緣。
9、耐壓實驗(yan)前(qian)后應測量被試設備的絕緣(yuan)電阻，檢查絕緣(yuan)情況。
10、當試驗變(bian)壓器長期不(bu)使用(yong)時，應(ying)放置于通風、干燥、無陽光(guang)直射(she)的地(di)方。
11、該產品(pin)不允許在高(gao)于45℃的溫(wen)度(du)下長期存放、使(shi)用、放氣。
12、運輸搬運途(tu)中不得重(zhong)力沖擊。
13、產品緊固件及壓力(li)閥、壓力(li)表(biao)不得(de)擅自松動。
14、使用本產品做(zuo)高(gao)壓試(shi)驗(yan)時，出熟悉本說明書外，還必須嚴格執(zhi)行國家(jia)有(you)關標準和(he)操作規程。可(ke)參照GB311-83《高(gao)壓輸變設(she)備的絕緣(yuan)配合，高(gao)壓試(shi)驗(yan)技(ji)術》；《電氣設(she)備預防(fang)性試(shi)驗(yan)規程》等。
五、WBYD-75KVA/150KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器容量選擇
標稱試驗(yan)變壓器容量Pn的確定公(gong)式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中：
Pn——標稱(cheng)試驗變(bian)壓器容量(kVA)
Vn——試驗變(bian)壓器的(de)額定輸出(chu)高(gao)壓的(de)有效值(zhi)(kV)
k ——**系數(shu)。k≥1，標(biao)(biao)稱電(dian)(dian)壓Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標(biao)(biao)稱電(dian)(dian)壓較(jiao)低時，k值可取高一些。
Ct——被試品的電容量(pF)
ω——角(jiao)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)，ω=2πf， f——試驗電(dian)源(yuan)的頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)
被試設備的電(dian)容量Ct可由交流電(dian)橋測出(chu)。Ct的變化很(hen)大(da)，
可由設備(bei)的類型而定。
典型數據如下：
簡單(dan)的(de)棒式或(huo)懸式絕(jue)緣子 幾十微法
簡(jian)單的分級套管(guan) 100～1000pF
電壓互感器 200 ～ 500pF
電力(li)變壓器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓電力電纜和油(you)浸(jin)紙絕緣 250～300pF/m
氣體絕緣 ～60pF/m
封閉變電站(zhan)，SF6氣體絕緣 100～10000Pf;
對于不同(tong)的(de)試驗(yan)電壓Vn，選擇(ze)不同(tong)的(de)(適當的(de))**系數k。
以下列出(chu)不同(tong)的Vn所選用的k值供參考。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2