一、WBYD-75KVA/100KV交流耐壓試驗變壓器概述
YDQ系列(lie)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器是根(gen)據(ju)《試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器》標準，在油浸(jin)式(shi)試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)基礎上(shang)而設計(ji)生產的(de)(de)(de)。SF6氣體(ti)具(ju)有(you)良好的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)氣絕(jue)(jue)緣性能及優異的(de)(de)(de)滅弧性能，其耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)強度為同一壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)下氮氣的(de)(de)(de)2.5倍，擊穿(chuan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)空氣的(de)(de)(de)2.5倍。在0.25MPa下與(yu)油的(de)(de)(de)擊穿(chuan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)相等(deng)(deng)，在0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)下是油的(de)(de)(de)擊穿(chuan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)2倍，是一種優于(yu)油的(de)(de)(de)新一代超(chao)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)絕(jue)(jue)緣介質(zhi)材料。該(gai)產品(pin)技術要求完全符合《ZBK-41006-89》標準，它是油浸(jin)式(shi)輕型試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)換代產品(pin)。該(gai)產品(pin)具(ju)有(you)體(ti)積小、重量輕、不受氣候變(bian)化影響、電(dian)暈(yun)小、現場(chang)搬(ban)運無(wu)需靜止可使用(yong)，使用(yong)壽命長、免維(wei)修等(deng)(deng)特點(dian)。適用(yong)于(yu)電(dian)力(li)系統、工礦企(qi)業(ye)、科研部門(men)等(deng)(deng)對各種高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)氣設備、電(dian)氣元件、絕(jue)(jue)緣材料進行工頻(pin)或直流高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)下的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣強度試驗(yan)。
二、WBYD-75KVA/100KV交流耐壓試驗變壓器產品結構
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試驗變壓(ya)器(qi)采用單框芯(xin)式(shi)鐵(tie)芯(xin)結構(gou)，初級繞(rao)組(zu)繞(rao)在鐵(tie)芯(xin)上，高壓(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)在外，這種(zhong)同軸布置減少了漏磁通，因而增大了繞(rao)組(zu)間(jian)的(de)耦合。產品的(de)外殼為圓柱(zhu)灌式(shi)容器(qi)結構(gou)，能(neng)耐受0.8MPa以上壓(ya)力(li)。其結構(gou)見圖1：
三、WBYD-75KVA/100KV交流耐壓試驗變壓器工作原理
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)為單相變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)，聯結(jie)組(zu)標號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用工頻220V(10kVA以上(shang)為380V)電源接入 (為本公(gong)司(si)生(sheng)產的試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)配套專用設備，詳細(xi)資(zi)料(liao)請見(jian)其具體使用說明(ming)書)系列操作箱(臺)，經操作箱內自偶(ou)調壓(ya)器(qi)(50kVA以上(shang)調壓(ya)器(qi)外附)調節(jie)至0～200V(或0～400V)電壓(ya)輸出至YDQ試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的初級(ji)繞組(zu)，根據電磁感應原(yuan)理，在試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)高壓(ya)繞組(zu)可獲得(de)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)所需的高電壓(ya)。
單臺YDQ系(xi)列(lie)高壓試驗(yan)變壓器(qi)的工作原理(li)圖見圖2。
單臺YDQ系(xi)列(lie)交(jiao)直流高壓(ya)試驗變壓(ya)器的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)原(yuan)理圖見(jian)圖3，圖中(zhong)高壓(ya)套(tao)管(guan)中(zhong)裝有高壓(ya)硅堆，串接在(zai)高壓(ya)回路中(zhong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)半波整流，以獲得直流高電(dian)壓(ya)。當(dang)用一短(duan)路桿(gan)將高壓(ya)硅堆短(duan)接時，可獲得工(gong)(gong)頻高電(dian)壓(ya)，作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為交(jiao)流輸出狀(zhuang)態；取消短(duan)路桿(gan)時，作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為直流輸出狀(zhuang)態。
試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器高(gao)壓(ya)套管中的高(gao)壓(ya)硅堆未畫出，其原(yuan)理與上(shang)圖相同。
三臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)獲得更高(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)接線原理見圖4。串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有很大的(de)(de)(de)優越性(xing)，因為(wei)(wei)整個試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)由幾臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)成，單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容(rong)量(liang)小(xiao)、電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量(liang)輕，便于(yu)運(yun)輸和安裝(zhuang)。它既然可串(chuan)接成高(gao)出(chu)(chu)幾倍的(de)(de)(de)單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)(zu)合使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，又可分開成幾套(tao)單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單獨使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。整套(tao)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)投(tou)資小(xiao)，經(jing)濟實(shi)惠。圖5中(zhong)，在**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)每個單元(yuan)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)都有一個勵(li)磁(ci)繞組(zu)(zu)A1、C1和A2、C2。在三臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基本(ben)原理中(zhong)，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)源加在試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)a1x1上，單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是(shi)V。勵(li)磁(ci)繞組(zu)(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)勵(li)磁(ci)繞組(zu)(zu)A2、C2給第(di)三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和第(di)三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)(xiang)體分別處在對地(di)為(wei)(wei)1V和2V的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)電(dian)位上，所以箱(xiang)(xiang)體對地(di)是(shi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)(xiang)體是(shi)接地(di)的(de)(de)(de)。這(zhe)樣(yang)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、第(di)三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對地(di)的(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分別為(wei)(wei)1V、2V、3V；其額定(ding)容(rong)量(liang)分別為(wei)(wei)3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)器(qi)做被試(shi)品的工頻耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗使用(yong)接線原理圖見圖5。
圖中：R1—限流(liu)電(dian)阻 ; FRC—阻容(rong)分(fen)壓器 RF—球間(jian)隙(xi)保護(hu)電(dian)阻 G—球間(jian)隙(xi) CX—被(bei)試品(pin)
注：高壓尾必須可靠(kao)接地
工頻耐壓(ya)試驗(yan)中(zhong)限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)阻R1應根據試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器的額定容量來選(xuan)擇。如高壓(ya)側額定輸出電(dian)流(liu)在(zai)100～300mA時，可取0.5～1Ω/V(試驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya))；高壓(ya)側額定輸出電(dian)流(liu)為1A以上時，可取1Ω/V(試驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya))。常用(yong)水(shui)電(dian)阻作為限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)阻，管(guan)子長(chang)度(du)可按(an)150kV/m考慮(lv)，管(guan)子粗(cu)細(xi)應具有足夠的熱(re)容量(水(shui)阻液配(pei)制方法：用(yong)蒸餾水(shui)加入適量硫酸銅配(pei)制成各種不同(tong)的阻值)。
球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)及保護(hu)(hu)電(dian)阻(zu)：當(dang)電(dian)壓(ya)超過(guo)球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)整(zheng)定值時(一般(ban)取(qu)試驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)的110%~120%)，球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)放電(dian)，對被試品起到保護(hu)(hu)作用(yong)。球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)保護(hu)(hu)電(dian)阻(zu)可按1Ω/V(試驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya))選(xuan)取(qu)。
在(zai)工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)中(zhong)，低電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不是(shi)非(fei)常準確的(de)(de)，其原因是(shi)由于(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)漏抗，在(zai)這個漏抗上必(bi)然(ran)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降或容升，使試(shi)(shi)(shi)品上的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低于(yu)或高(gao)(gao)于(yu)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表上反映出來的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，被試(shi)(shi)(shi)品上的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就是(shi)所(suo)謂容升現象。感應(ying)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)漏抗必(bi)然(ran)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為(wei)了準確測量(liang)被試(shi)(shi)(shi)品上所(suo)施加的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因此常在(zai)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側接(jie)入FRC阻容分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)來測量(liang)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖5)。
工(gong)頻耐壓試驗操作注意事(shi)項
1）試驗人員應做好分工(gong)，明(ming)確相互間聯系(xi)方(fang)法。并有專門人監護現場**及觀察試品(pin)狀態。
2）被試(shi)品(pin)應先(xian)清掃干凈，并(bing)**干燥，以(yi)免(mian)損壞被試(shi)品(pin)和試(shi)驗帶來的(de)誤差。
3）對于大型試驗，一般都應先進(jin)行(xing)空(kong)升試驗。即不接試品時升壓至(zhi)試驗電(dian)壓，校對各(ge)種表計，調(diao)整球(qiu)間隙。
4）升壓(ya)速度不能太快，并(bing)必須防(fang)止突(tu)然加壓(ya)。例(li)如調壓(ya)器不在(zai)零位時突(tu)然合閘。也不能突(tu)然切斷電源，一(yi)般應在(zai)調壓(ya)器降至(zhi)零位時拉閘。
5）當電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)升至試驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時(shi)，開始(shi)計時(shi)，到1min后，迅速降壓(ya)到1/3試驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)以下時(shi)，才能拉開電(dian)(dian)源。
6）在升壓(ya)或耐(nai)壓(ya)試(shi)驗過程中(zhong)，如發(fa)(fa)現(xian)下列不正常情況時，應(ying)立即降(jiang)壓(ya)，切斷電源。停止試(shi)驗并查明原因：①電壓(ya)表指針擺動(dong)很(hen)大；②發(fa)(fa)現(xian)絕(jue)緣燒(shao)焦(jiao)或冒(mao)煙；③被(bei)試(shi)品內有不正常的聲音。
7）耐壓試(shi)驗前后(hou)應測量(liang)絕緣電阻，檢(jian)查絕緣情況。
試驗(yan)變(bian)壓器在做被試品(pin)的直(zhi)流耐壓或泄(xie)露試驗(yan)時接(jie)線原理(li)圖(tu)如(ru)圖(tu)6。
注：此試驗應先抽出短路桿(gan)“D”，圖6中(zhong)所示。
圖(tu)中：VD—高壓(ya)硅堆 R1—限流電(dian)阻 C1—高壓(ya)濾波電(dian)容(rong) FRC—阻容(rong)分壓(ya)器 CX—被試品 ;μA—帶保護微安表
泄露試驗(yan)中限流(liu)電(dian)阻R1選(xuan)(xuan)擇在額(e)定輸出電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時，輸出端短路(lu)電(dian)流(liu)不(bu)超過高壓(ya)(ya)硅堆(dui)的*大整(zheng)流(liu)。如(ru)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)硅堆(dui)的*大整(zheng)流(liu)電(dian)流(liu)為100mA時用于(yu)60kV的試驗(yan)裝置中，限流(liu)電(dian)阻按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選(xuan)(xuan)擇。限流(liu)電(dian)阻還應具有足(zu)夠的容量和沿面放電(dian)距(ju)離(li)。
高壓濾波電容(rong)C1一般選擇在0.01~0.1μF，當(dang)被試品的電容(rong)量(liang)很大(da)時，C1可省略(lve)不用(yong)。
泄露試驗的(de)操作及注意事項
1）試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)前應先檢查被試(shi)(shi)品是(shi)否停電(dian)，接地放電(dian)，一切對外連線是(shi)否擦(ca)干凈。要嚴(yan)防將試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)加(jia)到有(you)人工(gong)作(zuo)的部位上去。
2）接好試驗裝置的接線后(hou)，應復查(cha)無誤后(hou)才可加壓。應特別(bie)注意檢查(cha)高壓設備(bei)及引線與地、與操(cao)作(zuo)人員的**距離，被(bei)試品的外(wai)殼(ke)是(shi)否(fou)可靠接地，要按**規程中所規定(ding)的內(nei)容進行試驗。
3）對(dui)于大(da)電(dian)容(rong)量設備應緩慢升壓，防止(zhi)被試品的充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)燒壞微安表(biao)。必要(yao)時應分級加(jia)壓，分別讀(du)取各級電(dian)壓下微安表(biao)的穩定讀(du)數。
4）試驗過程中，應(ying)密切監視被試品、試驗裝置、微安表，一(yi)旦(dan)發(fa)生擊(ji)穿、閃爍等異常現(xian)象應(ying)立(li)即降壓，切斷電(dian)源(yuan)，并(bing)查(cha)明原(yuan)因，詳細記錄。
5）試(shi)驗完畢，降壓，切斷電(dian)源后應(ying)將被(bei)試(shi)品及(ji)試(shi)驗裝(zhuang)置本身充分放(fang)電(dian)。
四、WBYD-75KVA/100KV交流耐壓試驗變壓器注意事項
1、按照(zhao)您(nin)所(suo)進行的試(shi)(shi)驗接好工(gong)作線路。試(shi)(shi)驗變壓器(qi)的外殼以及操作系統(tong)的外殼必(bi)(bi)須可(ke)靠接地。試(shi)(shi)驗變壓器(qi)高壓繞組的X端(duan)(duan)(高壓尾)以及測量繞組的F端(duan)(duan)必(bi)(bi)須可(ke)靠接地。
2、做串級試(shi)驗(yan)時，**級、第三級試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)繞(rao)(rao)組的(de)X端，測量繞(rao)(rao)組的(de)F端以及高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)繞(rao)(rao)組的(de)X端(高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)尾)均接本(ben)級試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)外殼。**級、第三級試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)外殼必須(xu)通過絕緣(yuan)支架接地。
3、接(jie)通電源(yuan)前，操作(zuo)系統的調壓器必須調到零位后方可接(jie)通電源(yuan)，合閘(zha)，開始升壓。
4、從零開(kai)始均勻旋(xuan)轉調壓(ya)(ya)器手輪升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)方(fang)法(fa)有：快速升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即(ji)20s逐級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)；慢(man)速升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即(ji)60s逐級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)；極(ji)慢(man)速升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)供選用。電壓(ya)(ya)從零開(kai)始按一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)方(fang)式(shi)和速度上升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您(nin)所(suo)需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)額(e)(e)定(ding)試(shi)驗電壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)75%后，在以每秒(miao)2%額(e)(e)定(ding)試(shi)驗電壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)速度升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您(nin)所(suo)需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)額(e)(e)定(ding)電壓(ya)(ya)，并(bing)密切注意測量(liang)儀表的(de)(de)(de)指示(shi)以及被(bei)試(shi)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)過程(cheng)中或試(shi)驗過程(cheng)中如發(fa)現(xian)測量(liang)儀表的(de)(de)(de)指示(shi)及被(bei)試(shi)品(pin)情況(kuang)異(yi)常，應(ying)立即(ji)降壓(ya)(ya)，切斷電源，查(cha)明情況(kuang)。
5、試驗完(wan)畢(bi)后，應在數秒內勻速的將(jiang)調壓器返(fan)回至(zhi)零位(wei)，然后切(qie)斷(duan)電源。
6、本產品不得超過額定參(can)數(shu)使用。除試驗必須外，決不允許全電壓(ya)通(tong)電或斷電。
7、再升壓(ya)或耐壓(ya)試驗過程中，如發現以下不正常(chang)情(qing)況時，應立即(ji)降(jiang)壓(ya)，切斷(duan)電源，停止試驗并查明原因。
⑴電(dian)壓(ya)表指針擺動(dong)(或數(shu)字跳動(dong))很大
⑵電(dian)流(liu)表(biao)直(zhi)線上升
被試品內有不正常(chang)的聲(sheng)音
8、圖1中第(di)9項系壓(ya)(ya)力(li)閥及壓(ya)(ya)力(li)表，為(wei)長期關閉(bi)狀態。每6個月(yue)開閥一次，以檢(jian)查SF6壓(ya)(ya)力(li)，應不小于0.2MPa(檢(jian)查壓(ya)(ya)力(li)后(hou)立即關閉(bi)閥門)，低于0.2MPa時應加SF6氣(qi)體，以增加氣(qi)絕緣。
9、耐壓實驗前后應(ying)測量被試設備的絕(jue)緣(yuan)電阻，檢查絕(jue)緣(yuan)情(qing)況。
10、當試驗變壓器長期不使(shi)用時，應放置(zhi)于通風、干燥、無陽光直射的地方。
11、該(gai)產品不(bu)允許在高于(yu)45℃的溫度下長期(qi)存放、使用、放氣。
12、運輸搬運途中不得重(zhong)力沖(chong)擊。
13、產(chan)品緊固件及壓(ya)力閥(fa)、壓(ya)力表(biao)不得擅自松動。
14、使用本產品做高壓試(shi)驗(yan)時，出熟悉本說明書外，還必須嚴格執(zhi)行國家(jia)有關標準和操(cao)作規程(cheng)。可(ke)參照GB311-83《高壓輸變(bian)設備的絕緣配合，高壓試(shi)驗(yan)技(ji)術(shu)》；《電氣(qi)設備預防性(xing)試(shi)驗(yan)規程(cheng)》等。
五、WBYD-75KVA/100KV交流耐壓試驗變壓器容量選擇
標稱試驗變壓器容量Pn的確定公(gong)式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中：
Pn——標稱(cheng)試驗變(bian)壓(ya)器容量(kVA)
Vn——試驗變壓器(qi)的額定輸(shu)出高壓的有效(xiao)值(kV)
k ——**系(xi)數。k≥1，標(biao)稱電(dian)(dian)壓Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標(biao)稱電(dian)(dian)壓較低時，k值可取高一些。
Ct——被試品的電(dian)容(rong)量(pF)
ω——角頻(pin)率，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源的頻(pin)率
被試(shi)設備的電容量Ct可由交流電橋測出。Ct的變化很大，
可(ke)由設備(bei)的類型而定。
典型數據如(ru)下：
簡單的棒(bang)式(shi)或(huo)懸式(shi)絕緣子(zi) 幾十微法(fa)
簡單的分(fen)級套管 100～1000pF
電壓互(hu)感器 200 ～ 500pF
電力變(bian)壓器(qi) < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA ;1000～10000pF
高壓電(dian)力電(dian)纜和油浸紙絕緣 250～300pF/m
氣體絕緣 ; ～60pF/m
封(feng)閉變電站，SF6氣體絕緣 100～10000Pf;
對于不同的(de)(de)試驗(yan)電(dian)壓Vn，選擇不同的(de)(de)(適當的(de)(de))**系數k。
以下(xia)列出(chu)不同(tong)的(de)Vn所選用的(de)k值供參考。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV ; k = 2