一、WBYD-30KVA/100KV高壓耐壓成套裝置概述(shu)
YDQ系(xi)列高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)是(shi)根據《試驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)》標準(zhun)，在(zai)油浸式試驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)基礎上而設計生(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)。SF6氣(qi)(qi)體具有(you)良好的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)絕緣性(xing)能及優異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)滅弧性(xing)能，其耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)強度為同一壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力下(xia)氮氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)2.5倍，擊穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)2.5倍。在(zai)0.25MPa下(xia)與(yu)油的(de)(de)(de)擊穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)相(xiang)等，在(zai)0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力下(xia)是(shi)油的(de)(de)(de)擊穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)2倍，是(shi)一種(zhong)優于(yu)油的(de)(de)(de)新一代超高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)絕緣介(jie)質材料。該產品(pin)(pin)(pin)技(ji)術要求完全符合《ZBK-41006-89》標準(zhun)，它是(shi)油浸式輕(qing)型試驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)換代產品(pin)(pin)(pin)。該產品(pin)(pin)(pin)具有(you)體積小、重(zhong)量輕(qing)、不受(shou)氣(qi)(qi)候變化影響(xiang)、電(dian)(dian)暈小、現場搬運無需靜止可使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命長、免維修等特(te)點(dian)。適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統、工礦企(qi)業、科研(yan)部(bu)門等對各種(zhong)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設備(bei)、電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)元件(jian)、絕緣材料進行工頻或(huo)直流高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)絕緣強度試驗(yan)。
二、WBYD-30KVA/100KV高壓耐壓成套裝置產品結構
YDQ系列(lie)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器采用單(dan)框芯式鐵芯結(jie)(jie)構，初級繞組繞在鐵芯上，高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)繞組在外(wai)，這(zhe)種同軸布置(zhi)減少了漏磁通(tong)，因(yin)而增大了繞組間(jian)的耦合。產品(pin)的外(wai)殼(ke)為圓柱灌式容器結(jie)(jie)構，能耐受0.8MPa以上壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力。其結(jie)(jie)構見圖1：
三、WBYD-30KVA/100KV高壓耐壓成套裝置工作原理
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)為(wei)(wei)單相(xiang)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)，聯結組(zu)(zu)標號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用工頻220V(10kVA以上為(wei)(wei)380V)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)接(jie)入 (為(wei)(wei)本公司生產的(de)(de)試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)配套專用設備，詳細資料請(qing)見其具體(ti)使用說明書)系列操作箱(臺)，經操作箱內自偶調(diao)壓(ya)器(qi)(50kVA以上調(diao)壓(ya)器(qi)外附(fu))調(diao)節至(zhi)0～200V(或0～400V)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)輸出至(zhi)YDQ試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)初(chu)級繞組(zu)(zu)，根據電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感應原理，在試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)高壓(ya)繞組(zu)(zu)可獲得(de)試驗(yan)所需的(de)(de)高電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。
單(dan)臺YDQ系列高壓試驗變(bian)壓器(qi)的工作(zuo)原(yuan)理(li)圖(tu)(tu)見圖(tu)(tu)2。
單臺YDQ系列(lie)交直(zhi)流(liu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)原理(li)圖(tu)(tu)見圖(tu)(tu)3，圖(tu)(tu)中高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)套管中裝有高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆，串接(jie)在高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)回路中作(zuo)半波整流(liu)，以獲得(de)直(zhi)流(liu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。當用(yong)一短(duan)(duan)路桿將高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆短(duan)(duan)接(jie)時(shi)，可(ke)獲得(de)工(gong)頻高(gao)(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，作(zuo)為交流(liu)輸出狀態；取消短(duan)(duan)路桿時(shi)，作(zuo)為直(zhi)流(liu)輸出狀態。
試(shi)驗變壓器高壓套管中的高壓硅堆未畫(hua)出，其(qi)原理與上圖相(xiang)同。
三(san)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)獲得更高電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)接(jie)線原(yuan)理見圖4。串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有很(hen)大的(de)(de)優越性，因為(wei)整個(ge)(ge)(ge)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)置由幾(ji)臺(tai)單臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)成，單臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)容量小、電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量輕(qing)，便于運輸和(he)安(an)裝(zhuang)。它(ta)既然(ran)可(ke)(ke)串(chuan)接(jie)成高出幾(ji)倍的(de)(de)單臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)輸出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)(zu)合(he)使(shi)用(yong)，又可(ke)(ke)分開成幾(ji)套單臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)單獨使(shi)用(yong)。整套裝(zhuang)置投資小，經濟實(shi)惠(hui)。圖5中，在**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)每個(ge)(ge)(ge)單元試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中都有一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)勵磁(ci)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)A1、C1和(he)A2、C2。在三(san)臺(tai)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)基本原(yuan)理中，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)源加(jia)在試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)a1x1上(shang)，單臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是V。勵磁(ci)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)勵磁(ci)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)A2、C2給第(di)三(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)第(di)三(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)箱體分別處在對地為(wei)1V和(he)2V的(de)(de)高電(dian)(dian)位上(shang)，所(suo)以箱體對地是絕緣的(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)箱體是接(jie)地的(de)(de)。這樣(yang)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、第(di)三(san)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)對地的(de)(de)額定(ding)輸出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分別為(wei)1V、2V、3V；其額定(ding)容量分別為(wei)3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器做被試(shi)品(pin)的工頻耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)使用接線原理圖見圖5。
圖中：R1—限(xian)流電(dian)阻 FRC—阻容分壓器 RF—球間隙(xi)(xi)保(bao)護電(dian)阻 G—球間隙(xi)(xi) CX—被試品(pin)
注：高(gao)壓尾(wei)必須(xu)可靠接地
工頻耐壓試驗中限流電阻R1應根據試驗變壓器的額定(ding)容(rong)量(liang)來(lai)選擇。如高壓側額定(ding)輸出電流在(zai)100～300mA時(shi)，可(ke)取0.5～1Ω/V(試驗電壓)；高壓側額定(ding)輸出電流為1A以上時(shi)，可(ke)取1Ω/V(試驗電壓)。常用(yong)水(shui)電阻作為限流電阻，管子長度可(ke)按150kV/m考慮，管子粗細應具有足夠的熱容(rong)量(liang)(水(shui)阻液配制方法：用(yong)蒸(zheng)餾水(shui)加入(ru)適(shi)量(liang)硫酸銅(tong)配制成各種不同(tong)的阻值(zhi))。
球間(jian)隙及保護(hu)(hu)電阻(zu)：當電壓超過球間(jian)隙整定值時(shi)(一(yi)般取試驗(yan)電壓的110%~120%)，球間(jian)隙放電，對(dui)被試品起到(dao)保護(hu)(hu)作用。球間(jian)隙保護(hu)(hu)電阻(zu)可按1Ω/V(試驗(yan)電壓)選取。
在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)頻(pin)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)中(zhong)，低(di)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)(ce)測量電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀(yi)表電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不是非常(chang)準(zhun)確的(de)(de)，其原因(yin)是由于試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器存在(zai)(zai)著漏(lou)(lou)抗(kang)(kang)，在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)個漏(lou)(lou)抗(kang)(kang)上(shang)必然(ran)存在(zai)(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)或(huo)容(rong)(rong)升，使(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)品上(shang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)于或(huo)高(gao)于低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)(ce)測量電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表上(shang)反(fan)映出來(lai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工(gong)(gong)頻(pin)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時(shi)，被試(shi)(shi)(shi)品上(shang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)于試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就(jiu)是所謂(wei)容(rong)(rong)升現象。感應耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時(shi)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)漏(lou)(lou)抗(kang)(kang)必然(ran)存在(zai)(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)。為了準(zhun)確測量被試(shi)(shi)(shi)品上(shang)所施(shi)加的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因(yin)此常(chang)在(zai)(zai)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)(ce)接入FRC阻容(rong)(rong)分(fen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器來(lai)測量電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖5)。
工頻耐壓試驗操(cao)作注意事項
1）試(shi)驗人員應做好分工，明確相互間(jian)聯系方法。并(bing)有專門人監護現場**及觀察試(shi)品(pin)狀(zhuang)態。
2）被試(shi)品應先清掃干凈，并(bing)**干燥，以(yi)免損壞被試(shi)品和(he)試(shi)驗帶(dai)來的誤差。
3）對(dui)(dui)于(yu)大型試(shi)驗(yan)，一般(ban)都應(ying)先進(jin)行(xing)空升試(shi)驗(yan)。即不接試(shi)品時升壓至試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓，校對(dui)(dui)各種表計，調整球間隙。
4）升壓(ya)速度不(bu)能(neng)太快(kuai)，并必須防止突然加壓(ya)。例如調壓(ya)器不(bu)在零位(wei)時突然合閘。也(ye)不(bu)能(neng)突然切(qie)斷電(dian)源，一(yi)般應在調壓(ya)器降至零位(wei)時拉閘。
5）當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓升至(zhi)試驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓時(shi)，開始計(ji)時(shi)，到1min后，迅速降(jiang)壓到1/3試驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓以(yi)下時(shi)，才能(neng)拉開電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。
6）在升壓或耐(nai)壓試驗(yan)(yan)過程中，如發現下列不正常(chang)(chang)情況(kuang)時，應立即(ji)降壓，切斷電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。停止試驗(yan)(yan)并查明(ming)原因：①電(dian)(dian)壓表(biao)指針擺(bai)動(dong)很(hen)大；②發現絕緣燒焦或冒(mao)煙；③被試品內有不正常(chang)(chang)的聲音。
7）耐壓(ya)試驗前(qian)后應測量絕(jue)緣電阻，檢查絕(jue)緣情(qing)況。
試驗變壓(ya)器在(zai)做被試品(pin)的直流耐壓(ya)或泄露試驗時接線(xian)原理圖如(ru)圖6。
注(zhu)：此(ci)試(shi)驗應(ying)先抽出短路桿(gan)“D”，圖6中(zhong)所示。
圖中：VD—高(gao)壓硅(gui)堆 R1—限流電(dian)阻 C1—高(gao)壓濾波電(dian)容 FRC—阻容分壓器 CX—被試(shi)品 μA—帶(dai)保護微安(an)表
泄露試(shi)驗(yan)中(zhong)限流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻R1選擇(ze)在額定(ding)輸出電(dian)壓時，輸出端短(duan)路電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)不(bu)超過高壓硅堆(dui)的(de)(de)(de)*大整流(liu)(liu)(liu)。如(ru)電(dian)壓硅堆(dui)的(de)(de)(de)*大整流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)為100mA時用于60kV的(de)(de)(de)試(shi)驗(yan)裝置中(zhong)，限流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇(ze)。限流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻還應具有足夠的(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)和沿面(mian)放電(dian)距離。
高壓濾波電容(rong)C1一般(ban)選擇在0.01~0.1μF，當被試品的(de)電容(rong)量很大時，C1可省略(lve)不用。
泄露試驗的操作及注意事項(xiang)
1）試驗前應先檢查被(bei)試品是(shi)否停電(dian)，接地放(fang)電(dian)，一切對外連線(xian)是(shi)否擦干凈。要嚴防將試驗電(dian)壓加到(dao)有(you)人工作(zuo)的部位(wei)上(shang)去。
2）接(jie)(jie)好試(shi)驗(yan)裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)后，應(ying)復查(cha)無(wu)誤后才可加壓。應(ying)特別注意檢查(cha)高(gao)壓設備及(ji)引(yin)線(xian)與地(di)、與操作人員的(de)(de)**距離，被試(shi)品的(de)(de)外殼是否可靠(kao)接(jie)(jie)地(di)，要按**規(gui)程中所規(gui)定的(de)(de)內容進行試(shi)驗(yan)。
3）對于大電(dian)(dian)(dian)容量設(she)備(bei)應緩慢(man)升壓(ya)(ya)，防(fang)止被試品的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流燒(shao)壞微安(an)表(biao)。必(bi)要時應分級加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)，分別(bie)讀取各級電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)下微安(an)表(biao)的穩定讀數。
4）試(shi)驗過程中，應(ying)密切監視(shi)被試(shi)品、試(shi)驗裝置(zhi)、微安表，一(yi)旦發生擊穿、閃爍(shuo)等異常現(xian)象應(ying)立(li)即降壓，切斷電源(yuan)，并查明原因，詳細記錄。
5）試驗(yan)完畢，降壓，切(qie)斷電源后(hou)應將被試品及試驗(yan)裝(zhuang)置本身充分(fen)放電。
四、WBYD-30KVA/100KV高壓耐壓成套裝置注意事項
1、按照您所(suo)進(jin)行的試驗接好工作線路(lu)。試驗變壓(ya)器的外殼(ke)以及操作系統的外殼(ke)必(bi)須(xu)(xu)可靠(kao)接地。試驗變壓(ya)器高壓(ya)繞(rao)組的X端(高壓(ya)尾)以及測(ce)量繞(rao)組的F端必(bi)須(xu)(xu)可靠(kao)接地。
2、做串級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗時(shi)，**級(ji)(ji)、第(di)三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗變壓器(qi)的(de)低壓繞組(zu)的(de)X端(duan)，測量(liang)繞組(zu)的(de)F端(duan)以及高壓繞組(zu)的(de)X端(duan)(高壓尾)均接本(ben)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗變壓器(qi)的(de)外(wai)殼。**級(ji)(ji)、第(di)三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)驗變壓器(qi)的(de)外(wai)殼必(bi)須通(tong)過(guo)絕緣支架接地(di)。
3、接(jie)通電源前，操(cao)作系統的調壓器必須調到零位(wei)后(hou)方可接(jie)通電源，合閘，開始(shi)升壓。
4、從(cong)零(ling)開始(shi)均勻旋轉(zhuan)調壓(ya)(ya)器手輪(lun)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)方法(fa)有：快速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即(ji)20s逐(zhu)級升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)；慢速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即(ji)60s逐(zhu)級升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)；極慢速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)供選用。電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)從(cong)零(ling)開始(shi)按一定(ding)的(de)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)方式和速(su)度上升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您(nin)所(suo)需的(de)額(e)(e)定(ding)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)75%后(hou)，在以(yi)每秒2%額(e)(e)定(ding)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)速(su)度升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您(nin)所(suo)需的(de)額(e)(e)定(ding)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，并(bing)密切(qie)注意測量儀(yi)表的(de)指示以(yi)及被試(shi)品(pin)的(de)情況。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)過程中(zhong)或(huo)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)過程中(zhong)如(ru)發現測量儀(yi)表的(de)指示及被試(shi)品(pin)情況異(yi)常(chang)，應(ying)立即(ji)降壓(ya)(ya)，切(qie)斷電(dian)源，查(cha)明情況。
5、試驗完畢后，應在數秒內勻(yun)速(su)的將調(diao)壓(ya)器(qi)返回至零位，然后切斷電源。
6、本產品不(bu)得超(chao)過(guo)額定參數使(shi)用。除試驗必(bi)須外，決不(bu)允許(xu)全電(dian)壓通電(dian)或斷(duan)電(dian)。
7、再升(sheng)壓或耐壓試驗過(guo)程中(zhong)，如(ru)發現以下不正常(chang)情況時，應立即降壓，切(qie)斷電(dian)源(yuan)，停止試驗并查明原因。
⑴電壓表指針擺(bai)動(dong)(或數字跳動(dong))很(hen)大
⑵電流表直(zhi)線上升
被試品(pin)內有不正常(chang)的聲音
8、圖(tu)1中(zhong)第9項系(xi)壓(ya)力閥(fa)及壓(ya)力表(biao)，為長期關閉狀態(tai)。每6個月開閥(fa)一次，以檢查SF6壓(ya)力，應不小于(yu)0.2MPa(檢查壓(ya)力后立即關閉閥(fa)門)，低于(yu)0.2MPa時應加SF6氣(qi)體，以增加氣(qi)絕緣。
9、耐壓實驗前后應(ying)測(ce)量被試設備的絕緣電(dian)阻，檢查絕緣情況。
10、當試驗變壓器(qi)長期不使用時，應放置于通風、干燥、無陽光直射的(de)地方。
11、該產(chan)品(pin)不允許在高于45℃的(de)溫度下長期存(cun)放、使用、放氣。
12、運輸搬運途(tu)中不得重(zhong)力沖(chong)擊。
13、產品(pin)緊(jin)固件及壓力(li)閥、壓力(li)表不得擅(shan)自松動。
14、使用本產(chan)品做高(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)時，出(chu)熟悉(xi)本說明書外，還(huan)必須嚴格執行國家有關標準和(he)操作規程。可參(can)照GB311-83《高(gao)壓(ya)輸變設(she)備的絕緣配合，高(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)技術》；《電氣設(she)備預防性試(shi)驗(yan)規程》等。
五、WBYD-30KVA/100KV高壓耐壓成套裝置容量選擇
標稱試驗變(bian)壓器容(rong)量Pn的(de)確定(ding)公式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式(shi)中：
Pn——標稱試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓器容量(kVA)
Vn——試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器的額(e)定輸出(chu)高壓(ya)的有效(xiao)值(kV)
k ——**系數(shu)。k≥1，標稱電壓Vn≥1MV時(shi)，k=2；標稱電壓較(jiao)低(di)時(shi)，k值可取高一些。
Ct——被試品的電容量(pF)
ω——角頻率，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源的頻率
被試設備的(de)電容(rong)量Ct可由交(jiao)流(liu)電橋測出。Ct的(de)變化很大(da)，
可由設備的類型而定(ding)。
典型數據如下：
簡單的棒式或懸式絕緣子 幾十(shi)微法
簡單的分(fen)級(ji)套管 ; 100～1000pF
電壓(ya)互感(gan)器 ; 200 ～ 500pF
電力變壓(ya)器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)和油浸紙(zhi)絕緣 250～300pF/m
氣體絕緣(yuan) ; ～60pF/m
封閉變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)，SF6氣體絕緣 100～10000Pf;
對于(yu)不同的(de)試驗電壓(ya)Vn，選擇不同的(de)(適當(dang)的(de))**系數(shu)k。
以下列出(chu)不同的Vn所選用(yong)的k值供參考。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV ; k = 2