一、WBYD-25KVA/100KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器概述
YDQ系列(lie)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)根(gen)據(ju)《試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)》標(biao)準，在(zai)(zai)油(you)浸式試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)基(ji)礎上(shang)而(er)設計生產(chan)的(de)(de)。SF6氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)具有(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)性能及(ji)優異的(de)(de)滅弧性能，其耐壓(ya)(ya)強度(du)(du)為同一(yi)壓(ya)(ya)力下(xia)氮氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)，擊穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)空氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)。在(zai)(zai)0.25MPa下(xia)與油(you)的(de)(de)擊穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)相等，在(zai)(zai)0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)力下(xia)是(shi)(shi)油(you)的(de)(de)擊穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)2倍(bei)，是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)優于(yu)油(you)的(de)(de)新一(yi)代(dai)超(chao)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)絕(jue)緣(yuan)介質材料(liao)。該產(chan)品(pin)技術要求(qiu)完全(quan)符合《ZBK-41006-89》標(biao)準，它是(shi)(shi)油(you)浸式輕型試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)換代(dai)產(chan)品(pin)。該產(chan)品(pin)具有(you)體(ti)積小、重(zhong)量輕、不受氣(qi)(qi)候變化影(ying)響(xiang)、電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)小、現場搬運(yun)無需(xu)靜止(zhi)可使用，使用壽命長、免維修等特(te)點。適(shi)用于(yu)電(dian)(dian)力系統、工礦(kuang)企業、科研(yan)部門等對各種(zhong)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設備、電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)元件、絕(jue)緣(yuan)材料(liao)進行(xing)工頻或直(zhi)流(liu)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)下(xia)的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)強度(du)(du)試(shi)驗。
二、WBYD-25KVA/100KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器產品結構
YDQ系列高壓(ya)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)器采用(yong)單框芯式(shi)鐵芯結構，初(chu)級(ji)繞組(zu)繞在鐵芯上(shang)，高壓(ya)繞組(zu)在外，這種同軸(zhou)布(bu)置減少了(le)漏磁通，因而(er)增大了(le)繞組(zu)間的(de)耦合(he)。產品的(de)外殼為圓柱灌式(shi)容(rong)器結構，能(neng)耐受(shou)0.8MPa以上(shang)壓(ya)力。其(qi)結構見圖1：
三、WBYD-25KVA/100KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器工作原理
YDQ系(xi)列高壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)為單相變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)，聯結組(zu)標號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用工頻(pin)220V(10kVA以上(shang)(shang)為380V)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源接入 (為本公司生(sheng)產的試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)配套專用設備，詳細資料請(qing)見其(qi)具(ju)體使用說明書)系(xi)列操作(zuo)(zuo)箱(xiang)(臺(tai))，經操作(zuo)(zuo)箱(xiang)內自偶調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(50kVA以上(shang)(shang)調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)外附)調(diao)(diao)節至0～200V(或0～400V)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)輸(shu)出至YDQ試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)的初級繞(rao)組(zu)，根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁感應原理，在試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)高壓(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)可(ke)獲(huo)得試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)所需的高電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。
單臺YDQ系列高壓試驗變壓器(qi)的工作(zuo)原理圖見圖2。
單臺YDQ系列交直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器的工(gong)(gong)作原理圖見圖3，圖中(zhong)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)套管中(zhong)裝有高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)硅堆(dui)，串(chuan)接(jie)在高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)回路中(zhong)作半波整流(liu)(liu)，以獲得(de)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)高(gao)(gao)電壓(ya)。當(dang)用一短路桿將高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)硅堆(dui)短接(jie)時(shi)(shi)，可獲得(de)工(gong)(gong)頻(pin)高(gao)(gao)電壓(ya)，作為(wei)交流(liu)(liu)輸出(chu)狀態；取(qu)消短路桿時(shi)(shi)，作為(wei)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸出(chu)狀態。
試驗變壓器高壓套(tao)管中(zhong)的(de)高壓硅堆未畫出，其原(yuan)理與上圖相(xiang)同。
三臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)獲(huo)得(de)更高電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)線原(yuan)(yuan)理見圖(tu)4。串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)優越性，因為(wei)(wei)整個(ge)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝置由幾(ji)臺(tai)(tai)單(dan)(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)，單(dan)(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)容(rong)量小(xiao)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重(zhong)量輕，便于運輸和(he)(he)安裝。它既(ji)然(ran)可(ke)串接(jie)(jie)成(cheng)高出(chu)(chu)幾(ji)倍的(de)(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)(zu)合使(shi)用(yong)，又可(ke)分開成(cheng)幾(ji)套單(dan)(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)單(dan)(dan)獨使(shi)用(yong)。整套裝置投資小(xiao)，經(jing)濟實惠。圖(tu)5中(zhong)，在(zai)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)每個(ge)單(dan)(dan)元試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)都(dou)有一個(ge)勵磁(ci)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)A1、C1和(he)(he)A2、C2。在(zai)三臺(tai)(tai)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)基本原(yuan)(yuan)理中(zhong)，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)加在(zai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)a1x1上，單(dan)(dan)臺(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都(dou)是V。勵磁(ci)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)勵磁(ci)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)A2、C2給第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)(he)第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)箱體分別(bie)(bie)處在(zai)對地(di)為(wei)(wei)1V和(he)(he)2V的(de)(de)(de)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)位上，所以箱體對地(di)是絕緣的(de)(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)箱體是接(jie)(jie)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)。這樣(yang)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)對地(di)的(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分別(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)1V、2V、3V；其額定(ding)容(rong)量分別(bie)(bie)為(wei)(wei)3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系(xi)列高(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)器做被試(shi)品的(de)工頻耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗使用(yong)接線(xian)原理圖(tu)見圖(tu)5。
圖中：R1—限流電阻 FRC—阻容分壓(ya)器 RF—球間隙保護電阻 G—球間隙 CX—被試(shi)品
注(zhu)：高壓尾必須可靠接(jie)地
工頻耐壓試驗(yan)中限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)阻R1應根據試驗(yan)變壓器的(de)(de)額定(ding)(ding)容(rong)量(liang)來選擇。如高(gao)壓側(ce)額定(ding)(ding)輸出(chu)電(dian)流(liu)在100～300mA時(shi)，可取(qu)0.5～1Ω/V(試驗(yan)電(dian)壓)；高(gao)壓側(ce)額定(ding)(ding)輸出(chu)電(dian)流(liu)為1A以上時(shi)，可取(qu)1Ω/V(試驗(yan)電(dian)壓)。常用(yong)水(shui)電(dian)阻作(zuo)為限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)阻，管(guan)子長(chang)度可按150kV/m考慮，管(guan)子粗細應具(ju)有足夠(gou)的(de)(de)熱容(rong)量(liang)(水(shui)阻液配制(zhi)方法：用(yong)蒸餾水(shui)加入適量(liang)硫酸銅配制(zhi)成各種不(bu)同的(de)(de)阻值)。
球間(jian)隙(xi)及保護(hu)電(dian)阻：當電(dian)壓(ya)超過球間(jian)隙(xi)整定值時(一(yi)般取試驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)的110%~120%)，球間(jian)隙(xi)放電(dian)，對(dui)被(bei)試品(pin)起到(dao)保護(hu)作用。球間(jian)隙(xi)保護(hu)電(dian)阻可(ke)按1Ω/V(試驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya))選取。
在(zai)(zai)工(gong)頻耐(nai)(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)中，低電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測量電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀(yi)表電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不(bu)是非常準確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，其原因是由(you)于試驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)存在(zai)(zai)著漏抗(kang)，在(zai)(zai)這個(ge)漏抗(kang)上(shang)必然存在(zai)(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降或容(rong)升，使試品(pin)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低于或高(gao)(gao)于低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測量電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表上(shang)反映(ying)出來的(de)(de)(de)(de)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工(gong)頻耐(nai)(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)時，被(bei)(bei)試品(pin)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)(gao)于試驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就(jiu)是所(suo)謂(wei)容(rong)升現象。感應耐(nai)(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)時，試驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)漏抗(kang)必然存在(zai)(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為了(le)準確(que)測量被(bei)(bei)試品(pin)上(shang)所(suo)施加的(de)(de)(de)(de)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因此常在(zai)(zai)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側接(jie)入(ru)FRC阻容(rong)分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)來測量電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖5)。
工頻耐壓試(shi)驗(yan)操作注意事項(xiang)
1）試(shi)驗人(ren)(ren)員應做好分工，明確相互間聯系方(fang)法(fa)。并有專門人(ren)(ren)監護現場**及(ji)觀(guan)察(cha)試(shi)品狀態。
2）被(bei)試(shi)品應先清掃干凈(jing)，并**干燥，以免損(sun)壞被(bei)試(shi)品和(he)試(shi)驗(yan)帶來的誤差。
3）對(dui)于大(da)型試驗，一般都應先(xian)進行空升試驗。即不接試品時(shi)升壓至(zhi)試驗電壓，校對(dui)各種表計(ji)，調整球間(jian)隙(xi)。
4）升(sheng)壓(ya)速度(du)不(bu)能太快，并必須防止突然加(jia)壓(ya)。例如調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)器(qi)不(bu)在零(ling)位時(shi)突然合閘。也不(bu)能突然切斷(duan)電源，一般應在調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)器(qi)降至零(ling)位時(shi)拉閘。
5）當電(dian)(dian)壓升至試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓時，開(kai)始計(ji)時，到(dao)1min后，迅速降壓到(dao)1/3試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓以下時，才能拉開(kai)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。
6）在升(sheng)壓(ya)或(huo)耐壓(ya)試驗過程(cheng)中，如(ru)發現(xian)(xian)下(xia)列不正常情況時，應立即(ji)降壓(ya)，切斷電源。停止試驗并查明原因：①電壓(ya)表指針(zhen)擺動(dong)很(hen)大(da)；②發現(xian)(xian)絕緣燒焦或(huo)冒(mao)煙；③被試品內有不正常的聲(sheng)音。
7）耐壓試(shi)驗前后應測量絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電阻，檢(jian)查絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)情(qing)況(kuang)。
試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗變壓器在做被(bei)試(shi)(shi)(shi)品的直流耐壓或泄(xie)露試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗時接線原(yuan)理圖如圖6。
注：此試驗(yan)應(ying)先抽出短路桿(gan)“D”，圖6中所示。
圖中：VD—高(gao)(gao)壓硅堆 R1—限流(liu)電(dian)阻(zu) C1—高(gao)(gao)壓濾波電(dian)容(rong) FRC—阻(zu)容(rong)分壓器 CX—被試品 μA—帶保護(hu)微安表(biao)
泄露試驗中(zhong)(zhong)限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻R1選擇(ze)在(zai)額(e)定輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時，輸出(chu)端短路電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)不(bu)超過高壓(ya)硅(gui)堆(dui)的*大整流(liu)。如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)硅(gui)堆(dui)的*大整流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為100mA時用于(yu)60kV的試驗裝置中(zhong)(zhong)，限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇(ze)。限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻還應具有(you)足夠的容(rong)量(liang)和沿面放電(dian)(dian)(dian)距離。
高壓濾波電容C1一般選擇在0.01~0.1μF，當被試(shi)品的電容量很大時，C1可省略不用(yong)。
泄露試驗的操(cao)作(zuo)及注意事項
1）試(shi)(shi)驗前應先檢查被試(shi)(shi)品是否停電，接地放電，一切(qie)對外連線是否擦干凈。要嚴(yan)防將(jiang)試(shi)(shi)驗電壓(ya)加到有人工(gong)作的部(bu)位上去。
2）接好(hao)試驗裝置的(de)接線(xian)后(hou)，應復(fu)查無誤后(hou)才可(ke)加壓(ya)。應特別注意檢查高壓(ya)設備及引線(xian)與地(di)(di)、與操作人員的(de)**距離，被試品(pin)的(de)外殼是否可(ke)靠(kao)接地(di)(di)，要按(an)**規(gui)程中(zhong)所(suo)規(gui)定的(de)內容進行試驗。
3）對于(yu)大電(dian)容量(liang)設備(bei)應(ying)緩慢升壓，防止(zhi)被試品的(de)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流燒(shao)壞微安表(biao)。必要時(shi)應(ying)分(fen)級加壓，分(fen)別讀(du)取(qu)各級電(dian)壓下微安表(biao)的(de)穩定(ding)讀(du)數。
4）試驗過程中，應(ying)密切(qie)監(jian)視被試品、試驗裝置、微安(an)表，一旦(dan)發生擊(ji)穿、閃爍等(deng)異常現象應(ying)立即(ji)降壓，切(qie)斷電(dian)源，并查明(ming)原因，詳(xiang)細記錄。
5）試驗完(wan)畢(bi)，降壓(ya)，切(qie)斷電源后應將被(bei)試品及(ji)試驗裝置本身(shen)充分放(fang)電。
四、WBYD-25KVA/100KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器注意事項
1、按照您所進行的試驗(yan)接好工作(zuo)線路。試驗(yan)變(bian)壓器的外(wai)殼以及(ji)操作(zuo)系統(tong)的外(wai)殼必須(xu)可靠接地(di)。試驗(yan)變(bian)壓器高(gao)壓繞組(zu)的X端(duan)(高(gao)壓尾)以及(ji)測量繞組(zu)的F端(duan)必須(xu)可靠接地(di)。
2、做串級(ji)試(shi)驗時(shi)，**級(ji)、第三級(ji)試(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)低壓(ya)(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)的(de)(de)X端(duan)(duan)，測量繞(rao)組(zu)的(de)(de)F端(duan)(duan)以及(ji)高壓(ya)(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)的(de)(de)X端(duan)(duan)(高壓(ya)(ya)尾)均接(jie)本級(ji)試(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)外(wai)殼。**級(ji)、第三級(ji)試(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)外(wai)殼必須通過絕緣支(zhi)架接(jie)地(di)。
3、接(jie)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)源前(qian)，操作系統的調壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)必須調到零(ling)位后方可接(jie)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)源，合閘，開始升壓(ya)(ya)。
4、從(cong)零(ling)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)均勻旋轉調壓(ya)(ya)器手輪升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)有：快速升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即(ji)20s逐級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)；慢速升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即(ji)60s逐級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)；極慢速升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)供選用(yong)。電壓(ya)(ya)從(cong)零(ling)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)按一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)方(fang)(fang)式和速度上(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)到您(nin)所需的(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)試驗(yan)電壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)75%后，在以(yi)每秒2%額定(ding)試驗(yan)電壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)速度升(sheng)(sheng)到您(nin)所需的(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)電壓(ya)(ya)，并(bing)密切注意測量儀(yi)表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)指示以(yi)及(ji)被試品的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況。升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)過程(cheng)中(zhong)或(huo)試驗(yan)過程(cheng)中(zhong)如(ru)發(fa)現測量儀(yi)表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)指示及(ji)被試品情(qing)況異(yi)常，應立(li)即(ji)降壓(ya)(ya)，切斷電源，查明情(qing)況。
5、試驗完畢后，應在(zai)數秒內(nei)勻速的將調壓器(qi)返(fan)回(hui)至零位，然后切(qie)斷電源。
6、本產(chan)品不(bu)得超過額定參數使(shi)用。除試驗必(bi)須外(wai)，決不(bu)允許全電(dian)壓通電(dian)或斷電(dian)。
7、再升壓或耐(nai)壓試驗過程(cheng)中(zhong)，如發現以下不正(zheng)常情(qing)況(kuang)時，應立即(ji)降壓，切斷電源，停止試驗并查(cha)明(ming)原(yuan)因。
⑴電壓表指針擺(bai)動(dong)(或數字跳動(dong))很大
⑵電流表直線上升
被試品內有不正常(chang)的聲音
8、圖1中第(di)9項系(xi)壓(ya)(ya)力閥及(ji)壓(ya)(ya)力表，為長期關閉狀態(tai)。每6個月開閥一次，以檢查SF6壓(ya)(ya)力，應不小于(yu)0.2MPa(檢查壓(ya)(ya)力后立即關閉閥門)，低于(yu)0.2MPa時(shi)應加(jia)SF6氣(qi)體，以增加(jia)氣(qi)絕緣。
9、耐壓實驗前后應測量被試設備的絕緣電阻，檢查絕緣情(qing)況。
10、當(dang)試(shi)驗變壓器(qi)長期不使用時(shi)，應放置于通風(feng)、干(gan)燥、無(wu)陽光直射的地方(fang)。
11、該(gai)產品不允許在高(gao)于(yu)45℃的溫(wen)度下長期存放(fang)、使用、放(fang)氣。
12、運輸搬運途中不得重(zhong)力沖擊。
13、產品緊固(gu)件(jian)及壓(ya)(ya)力閥、壓(ya)(ya)力表不得擅自松動(dong)。
14、使用本(ben)(ben)產品做高(gao)(gao)壓試(shi)驗(yan)時，出熟悉本(ben)(ben)說(shuo)明書外，還(huan)必須嚴格(ge)執行(xing)國家有關標準和操(cao)作規程。可參照GB311-83《高(gao)(gao)壓輸(shu)變設備(bei)的絕緣配合，高(gao)(gao)壓試(shi)驗(yan)技術(shu)》；《電氣(qi)設備(bei)預防性試(shi)驗(yan)規程》等。
五、WBYD-25KVA/100KV便攜式高壓試驗變壓器容量選擇
標(biao)稱(cheng)試驗(yan)變壓器容量(liang)Pn的確定公式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式(shi)中：
Pn——標稱試驗變壓(ya)器容(rong)量(liang)(kVA)
Vn——試驗(yan)變壓器的額定輸出高壓的有效值(kV)
k ——**系數。k≥1，標稱(cheng)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標稱(cheng)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)較低時，k值可取高一些。
Ct——被試品(pin)的電容量(liang)(pF)
ω——角頻率，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源的頻率
被試(shi)設備的(de)(de)電容量Ct可由交流電橋測出。Ct的(de)(de)變(bian)化很(hen)大，
可由設備(bei)的類型而(er)定。
典型數據(ju)如下(xia)：
簡單的(de)棒式(shi)或懸(xuan)式(shi)絕緣子 幾十微法
簡單的分級套管 100～1000pF
電(dian)壓互感器(qi) 200 ～ 500pF
電力(li)變壓器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓電(dian)力電(dian)纜和(he)油浸紙絕緣 250～300pF/m
氣體(ti)絕(jue)緣 ～60pF/m
封閉變電(dian)站，SF6氣體絕緣 100～10000Pf;
對于不同(tong)的試驗電壓Vn，選(xuan)擇不同(tong)的(適當的)**系數k。
以下列出(chu)不同的Vn所選用(yong)的k值供參考。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2