一、WBYD-600KV交直流高壓發生器概(gai)述
YDQ系列(lie)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器是(shi)(shi)根據《試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器》標準，在(zai)油(you)浸(jin)式(shi)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上而(er)設(she)計(ji)生產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)。SF6氣(qi)體具有良好的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)絕(jue)緣性能(neng)(neng)及(ji)優異的(de)(de)滅弧(hu)性能(neng)(neng)，其耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)強度為(wei)同一壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力下氮氣(qi)的(de)(de)2.5倍，擊(ji)(ji)(ji)穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)空氣(qi)的(de)(de)2.5倍。在(zai)0.25MPa下與油(you)的(de)(de)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)相等(deng)(deng)，在(zai)0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力下是(shi)(shi)油(you)的(de)(de)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)2倍，是(shi)(shi)一種(zhong)(zhong)優于(yu)(yu)油(you)的(de)(de)新一代(dai)超(chao)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)絕(jue)緣介質材料。該產(chan)(chan)品(pin)技術要求完(wan)全符合(he)《ZBK-41006-89》標準，它(ta)是(shi)(shi)油(you)浸(jin)式(shi)輕(qing)型試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)換(huan)代(dai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。該產(chan)(chan)品(pin)具有體積小(xiao)、重(zhong)量輕(qing)、不受氣(qi)候變(bian)化影響、電(dian)(dian)暈小(xiao)、現場(chang)搬運無需靜止可使用(yong)，使用(yong)壽命長、免維修等(deng)(deng)特點(dian)。適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)力系統、工礦企業、科研部(bu)門等(deng)(deng)對(dui)各種(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備(bei)、電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)元件、絕(jue)緣材料進行工頻或(huo)直流高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)下的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣強度試(shi)驗(yan)。
二、WBYD-600KV交直流高壓發生器產品結構
YDQ系列(lie)高壓(ya)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)采用單框芯式(shi)鐵芯結(jie)(jie)構(gou)，初級(ji)繞組繞在(zai)鐵芯上，高壓(ya)繞組在(zai)外，這種(zhong)同軸布置(zhi)減少(shao)了漏磁(ci)通，因而增大(da)了繞組間的耦合(he)。產(chan)品的外殼為圓柱灌式(shi)容器(qi)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)，能耐受0.8MPa以上壓(ya)力。其結(jie)(jie)構(gou)見圖1：
三、WBYD-600KV交直流高壓發生器工作原理
YDQ系列高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)為(wei)單相變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)，聯結組(zu)標號(hao)Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用(yong)工頻220V(10kVA以(yi)上為(wei)380V)電(dian)源接入 (為(wei)本公司生產的(de)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)配套(tao)專用(yong)設備，詳細資料請見其具(ju)體使(shi)用(yong)說明書)系列操作(zuo)箱(臺(tai))，經操作(zuo)箱內自偶調壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(50kVA以(yi)上調壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)外附)調節至0～200V(或0～400V)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)輸出至YDQ試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)初級(ji)繞組(zu)，根據電(dian)磁感應原理，在試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)繞組(zu)可獲(huo)得試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)所需(xu)的(de)高(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。
單(dan)臺(tai)YDQ系列高壓試驗變(bian)壓器的工作原理(li)圖(tu)見圖(tu)2。
單臺YDQ系列交(jiao)直(zhi)流(liu)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試驗變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的工(gong)(gong)作原理圖見(jian)圖3，圖中(zhong)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)套管中(zhong)裝有高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆(dui)，串接(jie)在高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)回路中(zhong)作半波整流(liu)，以獲得直(zhi)流(liu)高(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。當用一短路桿(gan)將高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆(dui)短接(jie)時，可獲得工(gong)(gong)頻高(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，作為(wei)交(jiao)流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)狀態(tai)；取(qu)消短路桿(gan)時，作為(wei)直(zhi)流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)狀態(tai)。
試驗變壓器高壓套管中的高壓硅堆未畫(hua)出，其原理與上圖相同。
三臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)獲得更高(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)接線原理(li)見圖4。串級(ji)(ji)(ji)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有很大的(de)(de)(de)優(you)越性(xing)，因為(wei)整個試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)由幾(ji)臺(tai)單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)成，單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量(liang)小、電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)、重量(liang)輕，便于運輸(shu)和安裝(zhuang)。它(ta)既然可(ke)串接成高(gao)出(chu)幾(ji)倍的(de)(de)(de)單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)(zu)合使(shi)用，又可(ke)分(fen)(fen)開成幾(ji)套(tao)(tao)單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單(dan)獨使(shi)用。整套(tao)(tao)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)投資小，經濟(ji)實惠(hui)。圖5中，在(zai)(zai)(zai)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)和**級(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)每個單(dan)元試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中都有一個勵(li)磁繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)A1、C1和A2、C2。在(zai)(zai)(zai)三臺(tai)串級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基本原理(li)中，低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)源加在(zai)(zai)(zai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)a1x1上，單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是V。勵(li)磁繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)勵(li)磁繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)A2、C2給第(di)三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)供電(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和第(di)三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)箱體(ti)分(fen)(fen)別處在(zai)(zai)(zai)對(dui)地為(wei)1V和2V的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)電(dian)位上，所以箱體(ti)對(dui)地是絕緣的(de)(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)箱體(ti)是接地的(de)(de)(de)。這樣**級(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)、第(di)三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)地的(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分(fen)(fen)別為(wei)1V、2V、3V；其額定(ding)容量(liang)分(fen)(fen)別為(wei)3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系(xi)列(lie)高壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器做被試(shi)(shi)品的工頻耐壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)使用接線原(yuan)理(li)圖見圖5。
圖中：R1—限(xian)流電(dian)阻 FRC—阻容分壓器 RF—球間(jian)隙保護電(dian)阻 G—球間(jian)隙 CX—被(bei)試品
注(zhu)：高壓尾必須可靠接地(di)
工頻(pin)耐壓(ya)試驗中限(xian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)R1應根據試驗變壓(ya)器的(de)額定(ding)容量來選擇。如高(gao)壓(ya)側額定(ding)輸(shu)出電(dian)流(liu)(liu)在100～300mA時(shi)，可取(qu)0.5～1Ω/V(試驗電(dian)壓(ya))；高(gao)壓(ya)側額定(ding)輸(shu)出電(dian)流(liu)(liu)為1A以(yi)上(shang)時(shi)，可取(qu)1Ω/V(試驗電(dian)壓(ya))。常用水電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)作為限(xian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)，管(guan)子(zi)長度可按150kV/m考慮，管(guan)子(zi)粗細應具有(you)足夠的(de)熱容量(水阻(zu)(zu)液配制方法：用蒸餾水加入適量硫酸銅配制成各種不同的(de)阻(zu)(zu)值(zhi))。
球(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)及(ji)保護電(dian)(dian)阻：當電(dian)(dian)壓超過球(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)整定值時(一般(ban)取試驗(yan)(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓的110%~120%)，球(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)放電(dian)(dian)，對被試品起到保護作用。球(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)保護電(dian)(dian)阻可按1Ω/V(試驗(yan)(yan)電(dian)(dian)壓)選取。
在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)中，低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))不是(shi)非(fei)常準確的(de)，其原因是(shi)由于(yu)(yu)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器存(cun)在(zai)(zai)著漏抗，在(zai)(zai)這個(ge)漏抗上必然存(cun)在(zai)(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)(jiang)或容升(sheng)，使試(shi)品上的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)于(yu)(yu)或高(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)表上反映出(chu)來的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。工(gong)(gong)頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時(shi)，被(bei)試(shi)品上的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，也(ye)就是(shi)所(suo)謂容升(sheng)現象。感應耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時(shi)，試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)漏抗必然存(cun)在(zai)(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)(jiang)。為了準確測量(liang)(liang)被(bei)試(shi)品上所(suo)施加的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，因此常在(zai)(zai)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)接(jie)入FRC阻(zu)容分(fen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器來測量(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖5)。
工頻耐壓試驗操作注意(yi)事項
1）試(shi)驗人員應(ying)做好分工，明確相互間聯系方法。并有專門人監護現(xian)場**及觀(guan)察試(shi)品狀態。
2）被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)應先(xian)清掃干(gan)凈，并(bing)**干(gan)燥，以免損壞被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)和試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)帶來的誤差。
3）對(dui)于大型試(shi)(shi)驗，一般都應(ying)先(xian)進行(xing)空升試(shi)(shi)驗。即不接(jie)試(shi)(shi)品時(shi)升壓至試(shi)(shi)驗電壓，校(xiao)對(dui)各(ge)種表計，調整球間隙。
4）升壓(ya)(ya)速度不(bu)(bu)能太快，并必(bi)須防止突(tu)然加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)。例如調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)不(bu)(bu)在零位時(shi)突(tu)然合閘。也(ye)不(bu)(bu)能突(tu)然切斷(duan)電源，一(yi)般應在調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)降(jiang)至零位時(shi)拉閘。
5）當(dang)電(dian)壓(ya)升至試驗電(dian)壓(ya)時，開始(shi)計時，到1min后，迅速降壓(ya)到1/3試驗電(dian)壓(ya)以(yi)下時，才能(neng)拉開電(dian)源。
6）在升(sheng)壓(ya)或耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗過(guo)程中，如發現下(xia)列不正(zheng)常情況時，應立即(ji)降壓(ya)，切斷電(dian)源。停止試(shi)驗并查明原因：①電(dian)壓(ya)表指針(zhen)擺(bai)動很大(da)；②發現絕緣燒焦(jiao)或冒(mao)煙；③被試(shi)品內(nei)有不正(zheng)常的聲音。
7）耐(nai)壓試驗前后應(ying)測(ce)量絕緣(yuan)電阻(zu)，檢(jian)查(cha)絕緣(yuan)情(qing)況。
試(shi)驗變(bian)壓器在做被試(shi)品的直流耐壓或泄露試(shi)驗時接線(xian)原理(li)圖如圖6。
注：此試(shi)驗應(ying)先抽出(chu)短(duan)路桿“D”，圖(tu)6中所示。
圖中：VD—高壓硅堆 R1—限流電阻(zu) C1—高壓濾波(bo)電容(rong) FRC—阻(zu)容(rong)分(fen)壓器(qi) CX—被試品 μA—帶(dai)保護微安表
泄露試驗(yan)中限(xian)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)R1選擇(ze)在(zai)額定(ding)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時，輸出端(duan)短路電(dian)(dian)(dian)流不超(chao)過高壓(ya)硅堆(dui)的(de)*大(da)整(zheng)流。如電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)硅堆(dui)的(de)*大(da)整(zheng)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)流為100mA時用于(yu)60kV的(de)試驗(yan)裝(zhuang)置中，限(xian)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇(ze)。限(xian)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)還(huan)應具有足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)容量和沿面(mian)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)距(ju)離。
高壓濾波電(dian)容C1一般(ban)選(xuan)擇在0.01~0.1μF，當被試品的(de)電(dian)容量很大時，C1可省(sheng)略不用。
泄露(lu)試驗的操作及注(zhu)意事項
1）試驗前(qian)應先檢查被(bei)試品是否停電，接(jie)地放電，一切對(dui)外連線是否擦(ca)干(gan)凈。要嚴防將(jiang)試驗電壓加到有人工作的部(bu)位上去。
2）接(jie)好試(shi)驗裝(zhuang)置的(de)接(jie)線(xian)后，應(ying)復查無(wu)誤后才可加壓。應(ying)特別注意檢查高壓設備及引(yin)線(xian)與地、與操作(zuo)人(ren)員的(de)**距離，被(bei)試(shi)品的(de)外殼是否(fou)可靠(kao)接(jie)地，要按**規程中所(suo)規定(ding)的(de)內容(rong)進行試(shi)驗。
3）對于大電(dian)容量(liang)設(she)備應(ying)緩慢升壓，防止(zhi)被試(shi)品的充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流燒壞(huai)微安(an)表。必要時應(ying)分級加壓，分別讀(du)取(qu)各級電(dian)壓下微安(an)表的穩定讀(du)數。
4）試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)過程中，應密(mi)切監視被試(shi)(shi)品、試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)裝置(zhi)、微安(an)表，一旦發(fa)生擊穿、閃爍(shuo)等異常現象應立即(ji)降壓，切斷電源，并查明(ming)原因，詳(xiang)細記錄。
5）試驗完畢，降壓，切斷電源后應將(jiang)被試品及試驗裝置本(ben)身充(chong)分放(fang)電。
四、WBYD-600KV交直流高壓發生器注意事項
1、按照您所進行的(de)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)接(jie)好工作線(xian)路(lu)。試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓器的(de)外(wai)殼以及操作系統(tong)的(de)外(wai)殼必(bi)須(xu)可(ke)靠接(jie)地(di)。試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓器高壓繞組的(de)X端(duan)(高壓尾)以及測量繞組的(de)F端(duan)必(bi)須(xu)可(ke)靠接(jie)地(di)。
2、做串級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗時，**級(ji)(ji)、第(di)三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)低壓(ya)(ya)繞組(zu)的(de)X端，測量繞組(zu)的(de)F端以(yi)及高壓(ya)(ya)繞組(zu)的(de)X端(高壓(ya)(ya)尾(wei))均接本級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)外(wai)殼。**級(ji)(ji)、第(di)三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)外(wai)殼必須通過絕緣支架接地。
3、接通電(dian)源前，操作系統的(de)調壓(ya)器必須(xu)調到零位后方可接通電(dian)源，合(he)閘，開(kai)始升(sheng)壓(ya)。
4、從零開始均勻旋轉調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器手輪升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方法(fa)有：快速升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即20s逐級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)；慢速升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)，即60s逐級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)；極慢速升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)供選用。電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)從零開始按一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)方式和(he)速度(du)上升(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)您所需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)額(e)定(ding)試(shi)驗電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)75%后(hou)，在以每秒2%額(e)定(ding)試(shi)驗電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)速度(du)升(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)您所需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)額(e)定(ding)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，并密(mi)切注意(yi)測量儀表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)指示以及被試(shi)品的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)。升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)或試(shi)驗過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)如發現測量儀表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)指示及被試(shi)品情況(kuang)異常，應(ying)立即降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，切斷電源，查明情況(kuang)。
5、試驗(yan)完畢后，應在(zai)數秒內勻(yun)速的將調壓器(qi)返回至(zhi)零位，然后切(qie)斷電源。
6、本產品不(bu)得超過額定參數使用。除試驗必須外，決(jue)不(bu)允許全電壓通電或斷(duan)電。
7、再升壓(ya)或耐(nai)壓(ya)試驗過程中，如發現以下不正常情(qing)況時，應立(li)即(ji)降壓(ya)，切斷(duan)電源，停(ting)止(zhi)試驗并查明原因。
⑴電壓(ya)表指針擺動(或(huo)數字(zi)跳動)很大(da)
⑵電流表直(zhi)線上(shang)升
被試品內有不正(zheng)常的聲(sheng)音(yin)
8、圖1中第9項(xiang)系(xi)壓(ya)力閥及(ji)壓(ya)力表，為長期關閉狀態(tai)。每6個月開閥一次(ci)，以檢(jian)查SF6壓(ya)力，應(ying)不小(xiao)于(yu)0.2MPa(檢(jian)查壓(ya)力后(hou)立即(ji)關閉閥門)，低于(yu)0.2MPa時(shi)應(ying)加SF6氣體，以增加氣絕緣。
9、耐(nai)壓實驗(yan)前后應測(ce)量被試設(she)備的絕緣(yuan)電阻，檢查(cha)絕緣(yuan)情況。
10、當試驗(yan)變壓器長期不使用時(shi)，應放置(zhi)于(yu)通(tong)風、干燥(zao)、無陽(yang)光(guang)直射的地方。
11、該產品(pin)不允許在高(gao)于45℃的溫度下長期存放、使用、放氣。
12、運輸搬運途(tu)中不得(de)重力沖擊。
13、產品(pin)緊(jin)固件及壓力閥、壓力表(biao)不得擅(shan)自(zi)松動。
14、使(shi)用本(ben)產品做高壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)時，出熟悉本(ben)說(shuo)明書外，還(huan)必(bi)須嚴格執行國家有關標準和操(cao)作規程。可參照GB311-83《高壓(ya)輸變設備的絕緣配合，高壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)技術》；《電氣(qi)設備預防性試(shi)驗(yan)規程》等。
五、WBYD-600KV交直流高壓發生器容量選擇
標稱試驗變壓器容量Pn的確定公式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中：
Pn——標稱(cheng)試驗變壓器容量(kVA)
Vn——試驗變壓(ya)器的額(e)定輸出(chu)高(gao)壓(ya)的有效值(zhi)(kV)
k ——**系數。k≥1，標稱電壓Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標稱電壓較低(di)時，k值(zhi)可取高一些。
Ct——被試(shi)品的(de)電容量(pF)
ω——角頻率(lv)，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源的頻率(lv)
被試設備的電容量Ct可由交(jiao)流電橋測出。Ct的變化很大，
可(ke)由設備的類型而定。
典型數據如下：
簡單的棒(bang)式(shi)(shi)或懸式(shi)(shi)絕緣(yuan)子 幾十(shi)微法
簡單的分級套管 ; 100～1000pF
電壓互感器 ; 200 ～ 500pF
電力變(bian)壓器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓(ya)電力電纜和(he)油(you)浸紙絕(jue)緣 250～300pF/m
氣體絕緣(yuan) ～60pF/m
封(feng)閉變電站，SF6氣體絕緣(yuan) 100～10000Pf;
對(dui)于(yu)不同的(de)(de)試驗電壓Vn，選擇不同的(de)(de)(適當的(de)(de))**系(xi)數k。
以下(xia)列出不(bu)同的Vn所選用的k值供(gong)參考(kao)。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2