一(yi)、WBYD-350KV工頻交流試驗變壓器概(gai)述(shu)
YDQ系(xi)列高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)是根據《試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)》標準，在(zai)油浸式試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)基礎(chu)上而設(she)計(ji)生(sheng)產的(de)。SF6氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)具有良好(hao)的(de)電氣(qi)(qi)絕緣性能及優異的(de)滅(mie)弧性能，其耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)強度為同(tong)一(yi)(yi)壓(ya)(ya)力下氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)2.5倍，擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)電壓(ya)(ya)的(de)空氣(qi)(qi)的(de)2.5倍。在(zai)0.25MPa下與油的(de)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)電壓(ya)(ya)相等(deng)(deng)，在(zai)0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)力下是油的(de)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)電壓(ya)(ya)的(de)2倍，是一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)優于(yu)油的(de)新一(yi)(yi)代超高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)絕緣介質材料(liao)。該產品技術要求完(wan)全符合《ZBK-41006-89》標準，它是油浸式輕型試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)換(huan)代產品。該產品具有體(ti)積(ji)小、重量輕、不(bu)受氣(qi)(qi)候變化影響、電暈小、現場搬運無需(xu)靜止可使用，使用壽命長、免維修等(deng)(deng)特(te)點(dian)。適用于(yu)電力系(xi)統、工礦企業、科研部門(men)等(deng)(deng)對各種(zhong)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電氣(qi)(qi)設(she)備、電氣(qi)(qi)元件、絕緣材料(liao)進行工頻或直(zhi)流高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)下的(de)絕緣強度試(shi)驗(yan)。
二、WBYD-350KV工頻交流試驗變壓器產品結構
YDQ系列高壓試驗變壓器采(cai)用單框芯式(shi)鐵芯結(jie)(jie)構(gou)，初級繞組繞在(zai)鐵芯上，高壓繞組在(zai)外，這種同軸布置減(jian)少了漏磁通(tong)，因而增(zeng)大了繞組間的耦合。產品(pin)的外殼為圓柱灌(guan)式(shi)容(rong)器結(jie)(jie)構(gou)，能耐受0.8MPa以上壓力。其(qi)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)見圖1：
三、WBYD-350KV工頻交流試驗變壓器工作原理
YDQ系列(lie)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器為單相變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器，聯結組標號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用工(gong)頻(pin)220V(10kVA以(yi)上為380V)電源接(jie)入(ru) (為本(ben)公司(si)生(sheng)產的(de)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器配套專用設備(bei)，詳(xiang)細資料請(qing)見其具體使用說明書(shu))系列(lie)操作箱(臺(tai))，經操作箱內自偶調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(50kVA以(yi)上調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器外(wai)附(fu))調節至0～200V(或0～400V)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輸出至YDQ試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)初(chu)級繞組，根據電磁(ci)感應原理，在試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)繞組可獲得試(shi)驗(yan)所需的(de)高電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。
單臺YDQ系列高壓(ya)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器的工作原理(li)圖(tu)見圖(tu)2。
單(dan)臺YDQ系列交(jiao)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)試驗變壓(ya)器的工(gong)(gong)作原理圖(tu)見(jian)圖(tu)3，圖(tu)中(zhong)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)套管(guan)中(zhong)裝(zhuang)有高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)硅(gui)堆，串(chuan)接在高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)回路(lu)中(zhong)作半波整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)，以獲(huo)得(de)(de)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)高(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)。當(dang)用(yong)一短(duan)路(lu)桿將(jiang)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)硅(gui)堆短(duan)接時(shi)，可獲(huo)得(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)頻高(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)，作為交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)輸出狀態(tai)；取消(xiao)短(duan)路(lu)桿時(shi)，作為直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸出狀態(tai)。
試(shi)驗變壓器高壓套管中的(de)高壓硅(gui)堆未畫出，其原(yuan)理與(yu)上圖相同。
三臺試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)獲(huo)得更(geng)高(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)接線原(yuan)理見圖(tu)4。串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有很大的(de)優越(yue)性，因為(wei)整個(ge)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝置(zhi)(zhi)由幾臺單(dan)臺試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，單(dan)臺試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量(liang)小、電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量(liang)輕，便于運輸(shu)和(he)安裝。它既然可(ke)(ke)串(chuan)接成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)高(gao)(gao)出幾倍的(de)單(dan)臺試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組合使用，又可(ke)(ke)分開成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)幾套單(dan)臺試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單(dan)獨(du)使用。整套裝置(zhi)(zhi)投資小，經濟實(shi)惠。圖(tu)5中(zhong)，在**級(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)每個(ge)單(dan)元試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)都有一(yi)個(ge)勵(li)磁(ci)繞(rao)(rao)組A1、C1和(he)A2、C2。在三臺串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基(ji)本原(yuan)理中(zhong)，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)源加(jia)在試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組a1x1上，單(dan)臺試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)輸(shu)出電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是V。勵(li)磁(ci)繞(rao)(rao)組A1、C1給(gei)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組供(gong)電(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)勵(li)磁(ci)繞(rao)(rao)組A2、C2給(gei)第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)初級(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)(rao)組供(gong)電(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)箱體(ti)(ti)分別(bie)處(chu)在對(dui)地為(wei)1V和(he)2V的(de)高(gao)(gao)電(dian)位上，所以箱體(ti)(ti)對(dui)地是絕(jue)緣的(de)，試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)箱體(ti)(ti)是接地的(de)。這樣(yang)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)地的(de)額(e)(e)定輸(shu)出電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分別(bie)為(wei)1V、2V、3V；其額(e)(e)定容量(liang)分別(bie)為(wei)3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系(xi)列高(gao)壓試(shi)驗(yan)變壓器(qi)做(zuo)被(bei)試(shi)品的(de)工頻耐(nai)壓試(shi)驗(yan)使用接線原(yuan)理圖見圖5。
圖中：R1—限流電(dian)(dian)阻 FRC—阻容分壓器 RF—球(qiu)間隙保護電(dian)(dian)阻 G—球(qiu)間隙 CX—被試品
注：高壓尾必(bi)須可靠接地
工頻耐壓試(shi)驗(yan)中限流電(dian)阻R1應根據(ju)試(shi)驗(yan)變壓器(qi)的額(e)定(ding)容(rong)量來選(xuan)擇(ze)。如(ru)高壓側(ce)額(e)定(ding)輸出電(dian)流在100～300mA時，可(ke)(ke)取(qu)0.5～1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓)；高壓側(ce)額(e)定(ding)輸出電(dian)流為(wei)1A以(yi)上時，可(ke)(ke)取(qu)1Ω/V(試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓)。常用水(shui)電(dian)阻作為(wei)限流電(dian)阻，管(guan)子長度可(ke)(ke)按150kV/m考慮(lv)，管(guan)子粗細應具有足夠的熱(re)容(rong)量(水(shui)阻液配制方法：用蒸餾水(shui)加入適量硫酸銅配制成各種(zhong)不(bu)同的阻值(zhi))。
球間隙(xi)(xi)及保(bao)護電(dian)阻：當(dang)電(dian)壓超過球間隙(xi)(xi)整(zheng)定(ding)值時(shi)(一般(ban)取試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓的110%~120%)，球間隙(xi)(xi)放電(dian)，對被試(shi)(shi)品起(qi)到保(bao)護作用。球間隙(xi)(xi)保(bao)護電(dian)阻可按1Ω/V(試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓)選(xuan)取。
在(zai)工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)中，低電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測(ce)量電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀(yi)表電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))不是非常準(zhun)確的，其原(yuan)因是由于(yu)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)著漏抗，在(zai)這個(ge)漏抗上(shang)必然存(cun)(cun)在(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降或容(rong)(rong)升，使試(shi)品上(shang)的電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)低于(yu)或高于(yu)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測(ce)量電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)表上(shang)反映出(chu)來的電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，被(bei)試(shi)品上(shang)的電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)高于(yu)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的輸出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就是所(suo)謂容(rong)(rong)升現象(xiang)。感應耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的漏抗必然存(cun)(cun)在(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為了準(zhun)確測(ce)量被(bei)試(shi)品上(shang)所(suo)施加(jia)的電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，因此常在(zai)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)接入(ru)FRC阻(zu)容(rong)(rong)分(fen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)來測(ce)量電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(見(jian)圖5)。
工頻(pin)耐壓試驗操作注意事項
1）試驗人員應做好分工，明確相互間聯系方法(fa)。并有專(zhuan)門人監護現場**及觀察試品狀(zhuang)態。
2）被試品應先清掃干(gan)(gan)凈，并**干(gan)(gan)燥，以免損壞(huai)被試品和(he)試驗帶來的誤差(cha)。
3）對于大型試(shi)驗(yan)，一(yi)般都應(ying)先(xian)進行(xing)空升試(shi)驗(yan)。即不接試(shi)品時升壓至試(shi)驗(yan)電壓，校對各種(zhong)表(biao)計，調整球間隙(xi)。
4）升壓(ya)速(su)度不能太快，并必須(xu)防止突然(ran)加壓(ya)。例如調(diao)壓(ya)器不在(zai)零位(wei)時(shi)突然(ran)合閘。也不能突然(ran)切斷電源，一(yi)般(ban)應在(zai)調(diao)壓(ya)器降至零位(wei)時(shi)拉閘。
5）當電壓(ya)升(sheng)至試驗(yan)電壓(ya)時(shi)，開(kai)始計時(shi)，到(dao)1min后，迅(xun)速降壓(ya)到(dao)1/3試驗(yan)電壓(ya)以下時(shi)，才能(neng)拉開(kai)電源。
6）在升(sheng)壓或耐壓試驗(yan)過程(cheng)中，如發(fa)(fa)現下(xia)列不正常(chang)情況時，應立(li)即降壓，切斷電源。停止試驗(yan)并查明原因：①電壓表指針擺動很大；②發(fa)(fa)現絕緣燒焦或冒(mao)煙；③被(bei)試品內有不正常(chang)的聲音。
7）耐壓試(shi)驗前后應測量絕緣電阻(zu)，檢查絕緣情況。
試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器在(zai)做被試(shi)品的直(zhi)流耐壓(ya)(ya)或泄露試(shi)驗時接(jie)線原(yuan)理圖(tu)如圖(tu)6。
注：此試(shi)驗應先抽出短路(lu)桿“D”，圖6中(zhong)所示。
圖(tu)中：VD—高壓硅堆 R1—限流(liu)電(dian)阻 C1—高壓濾波(bo)電(dian)容 FRC—阻容分(fen)壓器 CX—被試品 μA—帶保護微(wei)安(an)表(biao)
泄露試(shi)驗中(zhong)限流(liu)(liu)(liu)電阻R1選擇(ze)在額定(ding)輸(shu)出電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)時，輸(shu)出端短路電流(liu)(liu)(liu)不超過高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆的*大(da)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)。如電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆的*大(da)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電流(liu)(liu)(liu)為100mA時用于60kV的試(shi)驗裝置中(zhong)，限流(liu)(liu)(liu)電阻按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇(ze)。限流(liu)(liu)(liu)電阻還應具有足(zu)夠的容量和沿面(mian)放電距離。
高(gao)壓濾波電容(rong)(rong)C1一般選(xuan)擇在0.01~0.1μF，當被試品的電容(rong)(rong)量(liang)很大時，C1可(ke)省略(lve)不(bu)用。
泄露試驗(yan)的(de)操(cao)作(zuo)及注意事項
1）試驗前應先(xian)檢查被試品是(shi)否(fou)停電(dian)(dian)，接地放(fang)電(dian)(dian)，一切(qie)對外連線是(shi)否(fou)擦干凈。要嚴防將試驗電(dian)(dian)壓加到有(you)人工作的部位上去。
2）接好試(shi)驗裝置的接線后(hou)，應(ying)復查無誤后(hou)才(cai)可(ke)加壓。應(ying)特別(bie)注意檢查高壓設備及引線與(yu)地、與(yu)操作(zuo)人員的**距離，被試(shi)品的外殼是否可(ke)靠接地，要按**規程中所規定的內容進(jin)行試(shi)驗。
3）對于大電容量(liang)設備應緩慢(man)升(sheng)壓(ya)，防止被試(shi)品的充(chong)電電流(liu)燒壞微安表。必要時(shi)應分級(ji)加壓(ya)，分別讀取各級(ji)電壓(ya)下微安表的穩定讀數(shu)。
4）試(shi)驗(yan)過程中，應(ying)密切監視被試(shi)品、試(shi)驗(yan)裝置、微安表，一旦發生擊穿、閃爍等異常現(xian)象應(ying)立(li)即降壓(ya)，切斷(duan)電源，并查明(ming)原因，詳細記錄。
5）試(shi)驗(yan)完畢，降壓(ya)，切斷電(dian)源后應(ying)將(jiang)被試(shi)品及試(shi)驗(yan)裝置(zhi)本身充分放電(dian)。
四、WBYD-350KV工頻交流試驗變壓器注意事項
1、按照您所進行的試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)接好工(gong)作線路。試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓器(qi)的外殼以及操作系統的外殼必須(xu)可靠(kao)接地。試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓器(qi)高壓繞組(zu)的X端(高壓尾)以及測量繞組(zu)的F端必須(xu)可靠(kao)接地。
2、做(zuo)串級(ji)試(shi)驗時，**級(ji)、第三級(ji)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器的低壓(ya)(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)的X端，測量(liang)繞(rao)組(zu)的F端以及高壓(ya)(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)的X端(高壓(ya)(ya)尾(wei))均接(jie)本級(ji)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器的外殼(ke)。**級(ji)、第三級(ji)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器的外殼(ke)必須通過絕(jue)緣支(zhi)架接(jie)地。
3、接通(tong)電(dian)源前，操作系(xi)統的調壓器必須(xu)調到(dao)零(ling)位后(hou)方可接通(tong)電(dian)源，合閘，開始升壓。
4、從(cong)零開(kai)始均勻旋轉調(diao)壓(ya)器手(shou)輪升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)方(fang)法(fa)有：快(kuai)速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)法(fa)，即20s逐級升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)法(fa)；慢速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)法(fa)，即60s逐級升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)法(fa)；極慢速(su)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)法(fa)供(gong)選用。電壓(ya)從(cong)零開(kai)始按一定的升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)方(fang)式和速(su)度(du)上升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您(nin)所需的額(e)定試(shi)驗(yan)電壓(ya)的75%后，在以(yi)每秒(miao)2%額(e)定試(shi)驗(yan)電壓(ya)的速(su)度(du)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您(nin)所需的額(e)定電壓(ya)，并(bing)密切(qie)注意測量儀表的指示(shi)以(yi)及被(bei)試(shi)品的情(qing)況。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)過(guo)程中(zhong)或試(shi)驗(yan)過(guo)程中(zhong)如發現測量儀表的指示(shi)及被(bei)試(shi)品情(qing)況異常，應立即降壓(ya)，切(qie)斷電源，查明情(qing)況。
5、試驗完(wan)畢(bi)后(hou)，應在數秒內勻速的將調(diao)壓(ya)器返(fan)回至(zhi)零位(wei)，然后(hou)切斷電源。
6、本產(chan)品(pin)不得(de)超(chao)過額定參數使用。除試驗(yan)必須(xu)外，決不允許全(quan)電(dian)壓(ya)通電(dian)或斷電(dian)。
7、再升壓或(huo)耐壓試(shi)驗過程中(zhong)，如(ru)發現以(yi)下不正常情(qing)況時(shi)，應立即降(jiang)壓，切斷(duan)電源(yuan)，停止(zhi)試(shi)驗并查明(ming)原因。
⑴電壓表指針擺動(或(huo)數字(zi)跳動)很大
⑵電(dian)流(liu)表直線上升
被試(shi)品內有不正常(chang)的(de)聲音(yin)
8、圖(tu)1中第9項系壓力(li)閥及(ji)壓力(li)表(biao)，為長期關(guan)閉(bi)狀態。每(mei)6個月(yue)開(kai)閥一(yi)次，以檢查SF6壓力(li)，應(ying)(ying)不小于(yu)0.2MPa(檢查壓力(li)后(hou)立即(ji)關(guan)閉(bi)閥門)，低于(yu)0.2MPa時應(ying)(ying)加SF6氣體，以增(zeng)加氣絕緣。
9、耐壓實驗(yan)前(qian)后應(ying)測量被試設備的絕緣電阻，檢(jian)查絕緣情況。
10、當試驗變壓器長期不使用(yong)時，應放置于通(tong)風、干燥、無陽光直射的地方(fang)。
11、該產品不允(yun)許在高于45℃的溫(wen)度下長期存(cun)放(fang)、使用(yong)、放(fang)氣。
12、運輸搬運途中(zhong)不得重力(li)沖擊。
13、產(chan)品(pin)緊固件及壓力閥、壓力表不得(de)擅(shan)自(zi)松動。
14、使用(yong)本(ben)產品做高壓試(shi)驗(yan)時，出熟悉本(ben)說明書外，還必須(xu)嚴格執行國家有(you)關標準(zhun)和操作規(gui)程。可參照(zhao)GB311-83《高壓輸(shu)變設備的絕緣配合，高壓試(shi)驗(yan)技(ji)術》；《電氣設備預(yu)防(fang)性(xing)試(shi)驗(yan)規(gui)程》等。
五、WBYD-350KV工頻交流試驗變壓器容量選擇
標稱試驗(yan)變壓器容量Pn的確定公式(shi)：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中：
Pn——標稱試(shi)驗變壓器容(rong)量(liang)(kVA)
Vn——試驗變(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)額定輸出高壓的(de)有效值(kV)
k ——**系數。k≥1，標(biao)稱電壓Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標(biao)稱電壓較低時，k值可取高一(yi)些。
Ct——被試品(pin)的(de)電容量(pF)
ω——角頻率(lv)，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源(yuan)的頻率(lv)
被試設備(bei)的(de)(de)電(dian)容量Ct可(ke)由交流(liu)電(dian)橋(qiao)測(ce)出。Ct的(de)(de)變化很大，
可由設(she)備的類型而定。
典(dian)型數據如下：
簡單(dan)的棒(bang)式或(huo)懸式絕(jue)緣(yuan)子 幾十(shi)微法
簡(jian)單的分級套管 100～1000pF
電壓互(hu)感器 200 ～ 500pF
電(dian)力變(bian)壓器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓(ya)電力電纜和油浸紙絕緣 250～300pF/m
氣體絕緣(yuan) ～60pF/m
封閉變(bian)電站，SF6氣(qi)體絕緣 ; 100～10000Pf;
對(dui)于(yu)不同的試驗(yan)電壓Vn，選(xuan)擇(ze)不同的(適當的)**系數(shu)k。
以(yi)下列出不(bu)同的Vn所選用(yong)的k值供參(can)考。
Vn =50~100kV k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2