一、WBYD-150KV工頻交流試驗變壓器概述
YDQ系(xi)(xi)列高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)是(shi)根據《試驗變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)》標(biao)準(zhun)，在油浸式試驗變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)基礎上而設計(ji)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)。SF6氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)具有(you)良好的(de)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)絕緣(yuan)性(xing)能及優異的(de)滅弧(hu)性(xing)能，其耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強度為同一壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力下(xia)(xia)氮氣(qi)(qi)的(de)2.5倍(bei)，擊(ji)(ji)穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)空氣(qi)(qi)的(de)2.5倍(bei)。在0.25MPa下(xia)(xia)與油的(de)擊(ji)(ji)穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)相等(deng)，在0.45MPa壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力下(xia)(xia)是(shi)油的(de)擊(ji)(ji)穿電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)2倍(bei)，是(shi)一種優于油的(de)新一代(dai)超高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)絕緣(yuan)介質(zhi)材料。該產(chan)品(pin)(pin)技術要求完全(quan)符合《ZBK-41006-89》標(biao)準(zhun)，它是(shi)油浸式輕型試驗變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)換代(dai)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)。該產(chan)品(pin)(pin)具有(you)體(ti)積小、重(zhong)量(liang)輕、不受氣(qi)(qi)候變(bian)(bian)(bian)化影響、電(dian)(dian)暈小、現場搬運無需靜止可(ke)使用，使用壽(shou)命(ming)長、免維修等(deng)特點。適(shi)用于電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)(xi)統、工(gong)礦企業、科研部門等(deng)對各種高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設備、電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)元(yuan)件、絕緣(yuan)材料進行工(gong)頻或直流(liu)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下(xia)(xia)的(de)絕緣(yuan)強度試驗。
二、WBYD-150KV工頻交流試驗變壓器產品結構
YDQ系列高(gao)壓試(shi)驗變壓器(qi)采用單框芯式(shi)鐵(tie)(tie)芯結(jie)構，初級繞組(zu)(zu)繞在鐵(tie)(tie)芯上，高(gao)壓繞組(zu)(zu)在外(wai)，這種同軸布置減少了漏(lou)磁通，因而增大了繞組(zu)(zu)間的(de)(de)耦合(he)。產品的(de)(de)外(wai)殼為(wei)圓柱灌(guan)式(shi)容器(qi)結(jie)構，能耐受(shou)0.8MPa以上壓力。其結(jie)構見(jian)圖1：
三、WBYD-150KV工頻交流試驗變壓器工作原理
YDQ系列(lie)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)為(wei)單相變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)，聯結組(zu)標號Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用工頻220V(10kVA以上(shang)(shang)為(wei)380V)電源接入 (為(wei)本公司(si)生產的(de)試驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)配套(tao)專用設(she)備，詳細資料(liao)請見其具體使用說明(ming)書)系列(lie)操作箱(臺(tai))，經操作箱內自偶調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(50kVA以上(shang)(shang)調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)外附)調(diao)節至0～200V(或0～400V)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輸出至YDQ試驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)初級繞(rao)組(zu)，根據電磁感應原理，在試驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)繞(rao)組(zu)可獲(huo)得試驗所需的(de)高電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。
單臺YDQ系列高壓試驗(yan)變壓器(qi)的(de)工作原理圖見(jian)圖2。
單臺YDQ系列交直流高壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的工(gong)作(zuo)原理圖見(jian)圖3，圖中(zhong)(zhong)高壓(ya)(ya)套(tao)管中(zhong)(zhong)裝有高壓(ya)(ya)硅堆(dui)，串接(jie)在高壓(ya)(ya)回路中(zhong)(zhong)作(zuo)半波整流，以(yi)獲得(de)直流高電壓(ya)(ya)。當(dang)用一短路桿(gan)將高壓(ya)(ya)硅堆(dui)短接(jie)時，可獲得(de)工(gong)頻高電壓(ya)(ya)，作(zuo)為(wei)交流輸(shu)出狀(zhuang)態(tai)；取消短路桿(gan)時，作(zuo)為(wei)直流輸(shu)出狀(zhuang)態(tai)。
試驗變壓器高(gao)壓套(tao)管中(zhong)的高(gao)壓硅堆(dui)未畫出，其(qi)原理(li)與上圖(tu)相(xiang)同(tong)。
三臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)獲得更高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)接線原理(li)見圖4。串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)有很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)優(you)越性，因為整個試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)置由(you)幾(ji)臺(tai)單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)組(zu)成，單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)容(rong)量小(xiao)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量輕，便于運輸和(he)安裝(zhuang)。它既然可串(chuan)接成高(gao)出(chu)幾(ji)倍的(de)(de)(de)單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)合使(shi)(shi)用，又可分開成幾(ji)套(tao)單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)單(dan)獨使(shi)(shi)用。整套(tao)裝(zhuang)置投資(zi)小(xiao)，經(jing)濟(ji)實惠。圖5中，在**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)每(mei)個單(dan)元試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)中都有一個勵(li)磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)A1、C1和(he)A2、C2。在三臺(tai)串(chuan)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)基本(ben)原理(li)中，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源加在試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)a1x1上(shang)，單(dan)臺(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是V。勵(li)磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)勵(li)磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)A2、C2給第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)(chu)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)Ⅱ和(he)第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)(xiang)體分別處在對地為1V和(he)2V的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位上(shang)，所以(yi)箱(xiang)(xiang)體對地是絕緣的(de)(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)(xiang)體是接地的(de)(de)(de)。這樣**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、**級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、第三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)對地的(de)(de)(de)額定輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分別為1V、2V、3V；其額定容(rong)量分別為3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)器做被試(shi)(shi)品的工頻耐壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗使用接線原(yuan)理(li)圖(tu)見圖(tu)5。
圖中(zhong)：R1—限流電阻(zu) FRC—阻(zu)容分壓器 RF—球間(jian)隙(xi)保護(hu)電阻(zu) G—球間(jian)隙(xi) CX—被(bei)試品(pin)
注：高(gao)壓尾必(bi)須可靠接地(di)
工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗中限流電(dian)(dian)阻R1應根據(ju)試(shi)驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)額(e)定(ding)容量(liang)來(lai)選擇。如(ru)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側額(e)定(ding)輸出電(dian)(dian)流在(zai)100～300mA時，可取0.5～1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))；高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側額(e)定(ding)輸出電(dian)(dian)流為(wei)1A以(yi)上時，可取1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))。常用(yong)(yong)水電(dian)(dian)阻作(zuo)為(wei)限流電(dian)(dian)阻，管(guan)(guan)子長度可按150kV/m考慮(lv)，管(guan)(guan)子粗細應具有(you)足夠的(de)熱容量(liang)(水阻液配(pei)制方(fang)法：用(yong)(yong)蒸餾水加入適量(liang)硫酸銅配(pei)制成(cheng)各(ge)種不同的(de)阻值)。
球間隙(xi)及保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)：當電(dian)(dian)壓超過球間隙(xi)整定值時(一般取(qu)試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓的110%~120%)，球間隙(xi)放電(dian)(dian)，對(dui)被試(shi)品起到(dao)保護(hu)作用。球間隙(xi)保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)可按1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓)選取(qu)。
在(zai)工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)中，低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀表電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不是非常(chang)準(zhun)確的(de)(de)，其(qi)原因是由于試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器存在(zai)著漏(lou)(lou)抗，在(zai)這個漏(lou)(lou)抗上(shang)(shang)(shang)必(bi)然(ran)(ran)存在(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降或(huo)(huo)容(rong)(rong)升，使試(shi)品(pin)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)于或(huo)(huo)高于低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測(ce)(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表上(shang)(shang)(shang)反映出來(lai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，被試(shi)品(pin)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高于試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也就是所(suo)謂容(rong)(rong)升現象。感應耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時，試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)漏(lou)(lou)抗必(bi)然(ran)(ran)存在(zai)著壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為了準(zhun)確測(ce)(ce)量(liang)被試(shi)品(pin)上(shang)(shang)(shang)所(suo)施加的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因此常(chang)在(zai)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側接(jie)入FRC阻(zu)容(rong)(rong)分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器來(lai)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖5)。
工頻耐壓試驗操作注意事(shi)項
1）試驗人員應做好(hao)分(fen)工，明確相(xiang)互間聯(lian)系(xi)方法。并有專門人監護現場**及(ji)觀察(cha)試品狀(zhuang)態。
2）被試(shi)品(pin)應(ying)先清掃干(gan)凈，并**干(gan)燥，以免損(sun)壞被試(shi)品(pin)和試(shi)驗帶來的誤差。
3）對于大型試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)，一般都應先進行空升試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)。即不接試(shi)(shi)品時升壓(ya)(ya)至試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)電壓(ya)(ya)，校對各種表計，調整球間隙。
4）升壓速(su)度不(bu)(bu)能太快(kuai)，并必須防止突(tu)然加(jia)壓。例如調壓器不(bu)(bu)在零位時突(tu)然合閘。也不(bu)(bu)能突(tu)然切斷(duan)電源(yuan)，一般(ban)應在調壓器降至零位時拉閘。
5）當電(dian)壓(ya)升至(zhi)試驗電(dian)壓(ya)時(shi)，開始計(ji)時(shi)，到(dao)1min后，迅(xun)速降壓(ya)到(dao)1/3試驗電(dian)壓(ya)以下時(shi)，才(cai)能(neng)拉(la)開電(dian)源。
6）在升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)或(huo)(huo)耐壓(ya)(ya)試驗過程中，如發現(xian)(xian)下列不正常情況時，應(ying)立即降壓(ya)(ya)，切斷電源。停止試驗并查明原(yuan)因：①電壓(ya)(ya)表指針擺動很(hen)大；②發現(xian)(xian)絕緣燒焦或(huo)(huo)冒煙；③被試品內(nei)有不正常的聲音。
7）耐壓試(shi)驗前后(hou)應(ying)測(ce)量絕緣電阻，檢(jian)查絕緣情況。
試(shi)(shi)驗變壓(ya)器在做被(bei)試(shi)(shi)品的直流耐壓(ya)或(huo)泄(xie)露試(shi)(shi)驗時接線(xian)原理圖(tu)如圖(tu)6。
注(zhu)：此試(shi)驗應先(xian)抽出(chu)短路桿“D”，圖6中所示。
圖(tu)中：VD—高壓(ya)硅堆 R1—限流電阻 C1—高壓(ya)濾波電容(rong) FRC—阻容(rong)分(fen)壓(ya)器(qi) CX—被試品 μA—帶保護微安表(biao)
泄(xie)露試(shi)驗中限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)R1選擇在額(e)定輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓時(shi)(shi)，輸出(chu)(chu)端(duan)短路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)不超過高(gao)壓硅堆的(de)*大(da)(da)整流(liu)。如電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓硅堆的(de)*大(da)(da)整流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為100mA時(shi)(shi)用于(yu)60kV的(de)試(shi)驗裝(zhuang)置(zhi)中，限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇。限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)還(huan)應具有足夠(gou)的(de)容量和沿面放電(dian)(dian)(dian)距(ju)離。
高壓濾(lv)波(bo)電(dian)容C1一(yi)般選(xuan)擇(ze)在0.01~0.1μF，當被試(shi)品的電(dian)容量很大時，C1可省略不用。
泄露試(shi)驗的操作及(ji)注(zhu)意事(shi)項
1）試(shi)驗前應先檢查(cha)被試(shi)品是否停電，接地放電，一切對外連線是否擦(ca)干凈。要嚴防將試(shi)驗電壓加到有人工作的部位上去(qu)。
2）接(jie)好試(shi)驗(yan)裝置的(de)接(jie)線(xian)后，應(ying)復查無誤后才可(ke)加壓。應(ying)特(te)別注(zhu)意(yi)檢(jian)查高壓設備(bei)及引線(xian)與地、與操作人(ren)員的(de)**距離，被試(shi)品(pin)的(de)外殼(ke)是否可(ke)靠接(jie)地，要按**規程中(zhong)所規定的(de)內容進行(xing)試(shi)驗(yan)。
3）對于(yu)大電容量設備應緩慢升(sheng)壓(ya)，防(fang)止被試(shi)品的充電電流燒壞微(wei)安(an)(an)表。必要(yao)時應分級加壓(ya)，分別讀取各級電壓(ya)下微(wei)安(an)(an)表的穩定讀數。
4）試(shi)驗過程中，應(ying)密切監視被試(shi)品、試(shi)驗裝置(zhi)、微安表，一旦發生擊穿、閃爍等(deng)異常現象應(ying)立即(ji)降壓，切斷(duan)電源，并查明原因，詳(xiang)細(xi)記(ji)錄。
5）試(shi)驗完(wan)畢，降壓，切斷電源后應將(jiang)被試(shi)品及試(shi)驗裝置本身充(chong)分放電。
四、WBYD-150KV工頻交流試驗變壓器注意事項
1、按照您所進行的(de)試驗(yan)接好工作線(xian)路。試驗(yan)變(bian)壓器的(de)外殼(ke)以及操作系統(tong)的(de)外殼(ke)必須可靠接地。試驗(yan)變(bian)壓器高壓繞(rao)組(zu)的(de)X端(高壓尾)以及測量繞(rao)組(zu)的(de)F端必須可靠接地。
2、做串級試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時，**級、第三級試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)低壓(ya)繞組(zu)(zu)的(de)X端(duan)，測量繞組(zu)(zu)的(de)F端(duan)以及高壓(ya)繞組(zu)(zu)的(de)X端(duan)(高壓(ya)尾)均接本級試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)外殼。**級、第三級試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)外殼必須通過絕緣支架接地。
3、接(jie)通電源前，操(cao)作系統(tong)的調壓器(qi)必須調到零(ling)位(wei)后方可(ke)接(jie)通電源，合閘，開始(shi)升壓。
4、從(cong)零開始均勻旋轉調壓器手輪升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓方法(fa)有：快速升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓法(fa)，即(ji)20s逐級升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓法(fa)；慢速升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓法(fa)，即(ji)60s逐級升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓法(fa)；極慢速升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓法(fa)供選用。電(dian)壓從(cong)零開始按一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓方式和速度上升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您所需的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額(e)定試(shi)(shi)驗電(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)75%后，在以每秒2%額(e)定試(shi)(shi)驗電(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速度升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到您所需的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額(e)定電(dian)壓，并密切(qie)注(zhu)意測(ce)量儀表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指示以及被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓過程(cheng)中(zhong)或試(shi)(shi)驗過程(cheng)中(zhong)如發現測(ce)量儀表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指示及被試(shi)(shi)品(pin)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)異(yi)常，應立即(ji)降壓，切(qie)斷電(dian)源，查(cha)明情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)。
5、試驗完畢后，應在數秒(miao)內勻速的將調壓器返回至零位(wei)，然后切斷電源(yuan)。
6、本(ben)產品不(bu)得超過(guo)額定參(can)數使用(yong)。除試驗(yan)必須外(wai)，決不(bu)允許全電(dian)壓通電(dian)或斷(duan)電(dian)。
7、再升壓或耐壓試驗過程中，如(ru)發現以下不正常情況時，應立(li)即降壓，切(qie)斷(duan)電源，停(ting)止(zhi)試驗并查明原因。
⑴電壓表指(zhi)針擺動(或數字跳動)很大
⑵電流表直線上升
被(bei)試品內有不(bu)正(zheng)常的聲音(yin)
8、圖(tu)1中第9項(xiang)系壓力(li)閥(fa)(fa)及(ji)壓力(li)表，為長(chang)期關閉(bi)狀態。每6個月開閥(fa)(fa)一次，以(yi)(yi)檢(jian)查(cha)SF6壓力(li)，應不(bu)小于0.2MPa(檢(jian)查(cha)壓力(li)后立即關閉(bi)閥(fa)(fa)門(men))，低于0.2MPa時應加(jia)SF6氣體(ti)，以(yi)(yi)增加(jia)氣絕(jue)緣。
9、耐壓(ya)實(shi)驗前后應測(ce)量被試設備的絕緣(yuan)電阻(zu)，檢(jian)查絕緣(yuan)情況。
10、當試(shi)驗變壓器(qi)長期不(bu)使用時，應放置于(yu)通風(feng)、干燥、無陽光直射的地方。
11、該產品不允許在高于(yu)45℃的(de)溫度下長期存放、使用、放氣(qi)。
12、運輸搬運途中(zhong)不得重力沖擊(ji)。
13、產品緊固件及壓力(li)閥(fa)、壓力(li)表不(bu)得擅自(zi)松動。
14、使(shi)用本產品做(zuo)高(gao)壓(ya)試驗時，出(chu)熟悉本說明(ming)書外，還必(bi)須嚴格執(zhi)行國家有(you)關標(biao)準(zhun)和操作(zuo)規程(cheng)(cheng)。可參照GB311-83《高(gao)壓(ya)輸變(bian)設備的絕緣配合，高(gao)壓(ya)試驗技術》；《電氣(qi)設備預防性試驗規程(cheng)(cheng)》等。
五、WBYD-150KV工頻交流試驗變壓器容量選擇
標稱試(shi)驗變(bian)壓器容量Pn的確(que)定公式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式中：
Pn——標(biao)稱試驗變壓器(qi)容量(kVA)
Vn——試驗(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器的額(e)定(ding)輸(shu)出高壓(ya)的有效值(zhi)(kV)
k ——**系數。k≥1，標稱(cheng)電(dian)壓(ya)Vn≥1MV時，k=2；標稱(cheng)電(dian)壓(ya)較低時，k值(zhi)可取高(gao)一(yi)些。
Ct——被試品的(de)電(dian)容量(pF)
ω——角(jiao)頻率，ω=2πf， f——試驗(yan)電(dian)源的(de)頻率
被試設備的電(dian)容量Ct可由交流電(dian)橋測出(chu)。Ct的變化很大，
可由設備的類(lei)型而定。
典型數據(ju)如(ru)下：
簡單的棒式或(huo)懸式絕緣子 幾(ji)十(shi)微法
簡單的分級套管 100～1000pF
電(dian)壓互(hu)感器 200 ～ 500pF
電力(li)變(bian)壓(ya)器 < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜和油浸(jin)紙絕緣 250～300pF/m
氣體絕緣 ～60pF/m
封閉變電(dian)站(zhan)，SF6氣體絕(jue)緣 ; 100～10000Pf;
對于(yu)不同(tong)的試(shi)驗電壓Vn，選擇(ze)不同(tong)的(適當的)**系數(shu)k。
以下(xia)列出不同的Vn所選用的k值(zhi)供參考。
Vn =50~100kV ; k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2